نشریه قرآن پژوهی خاورشناسان (قرآن و مستشرقان)
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 15، پاییز و زمستان 1392)

This book was the translation and exegesis of the Qur’an in German language and in the same volume common issues of the Qur’an and the bible have also been reviewed. The main objective of the author by this book was to encourage unity between Muslims and Chritians. Since the population of Sunnites are more than the Shiites so whatever major exegesis that have been consulted in this were accepted by Sunnites. The first part of this twelve volumes book deal with the History of Islam and life of the Prophet. Furthermore, after narrating the general information of the Qur’an, the exegesis in this has been explained in a sequential form. The quality of the translation is good however, the translator could have used proper words that are in German language. In general, this book is good for understanding the common issues of the Qur’an and the Bible.

This Paper is the critical review of the article ‘translations of the Qur’an’ enlisted in the Encyclopeadia of Leiden by Hartmut Bubasteen. He has studied Islam and translated the Qur’an and is a prominent contemporary scholar and has contributed a lot in the realm of Qur’anic studies.He, in the beginning of his article, stated some reasons of Muslims’ opposing the Qur’anic translation and then introduced the Qur’an translation taken place within Islamic world and without till 20th century and sometime has expressed his opinion about some translations or translators.In this paper, apart from mentioning the positive aspects of the article we have also looked at the negative and lacking and deficiency of the paper and have critically examined them. The main criticism that the auhor’s paper attracts are his not paying attention to the principle, foundations, methodology and challenges of the transation of the Qur’an. He failed to substantiate certain points and could not give a logical and sound proof for the argument he made. He had not sufficient knowledge of introducing the translations of the Qur’an and therefore, failed to appreciate the translations properly as many of the translations in spite of having some deficiencies had some positive aspects but those points have also been ignored.So these negative aspects of the paper have been studied based on the principle, foundations and methodogy of the translation of the Qur’an and conditions for a translator of the Qur’an and furthermore, the view of the author have also been critically examined with regard to shia and Muslims’ schloars view.

Some of the schoalars under the discussion of Sciene and Religion are of the opion that there is is a divergence and separation between science and religion. Scholars like Kant, Wittgenstein, Walter Stacy and Shlayr Makhr have given their opinion with a different approach in this realm.Among Orientalists too the view of the divergence of religion and science has supporters and one of the leading figure of that is Professor Ahmad Dalal. He, in his introduction to the Science and religion of Leiden encyclopeadia, defending this view tries to substantiate this diveregence and separation of science and religion. Ahmad Dalal with reference to incomplete history of scientific exegesis of the Qur’an has ignored the glorious scientific discussions of the scientific exegesis of the Qur’an and in fact, he with presumption to the divergence and separation of science and religion imposes the views and statements of exegetes and Islamic scholars on this issue. Similarly, by mixing certain discussion he lead to believe in the divergence and separation of the Qur’an and science. This view of Ahmad Dalal faces fundamental criticism that can be countered with a critical review of his conclusion. In short, the fundamental point of the article is that the principle of separation of the Qur’an and science does not contain any logical and enlightened substantiation.

The place of women in Islam is such important that in many Qur’anic verses the place and position of woman have been indicated and every where at general address they have been addressed too. Thus, from many verses of the Qur’an a conclusion may be derived that the Qur’an respects woman a lot. Islam has given a higher rank to woman and has considered her as the main role player in human life in terms of social, ethical and legal affairs. According the Islam, Woman play a dynamic role in the society and therefore, has made many laws for the women. One of the these laws is of polygamy that has been placed based on individual concern and social, economical and geographical need. The orientalists have taken this issue as a paradox that the Qur’an at one side permits polygamy with a condition of Jsutice while at another side says that it is not possible to maintain justice whatever you do. Therefore, they have accused the Qur’an of inconsistency. This paper intends to clarify the same issue with reference to the Qur’anic verses and ahadith and have proved that the said clain is baseless and wrong. Since the Justcie that he Qur’an has mentioned here is different from what the orientalists understand. The jutice here refers to state of heart that men should have love for all his wives equally.

This paper is the translation and critical review of ‘the European scholars’ view about the Qur’an’, which had been published in the kitab e farhang e lughat e Islam [the book of Islamic terminology] written by Thomas Patrick in London. He has narrated the opinion of three orientalists about the Qur’an namely Sale, Palmer, Lane Poole.In this paper, after narrating the views of each orientalists and observing their mistakes and doubts about the Qur’an and their misunderstandings such as writing the Qur’an by the Prophet Muhammad and rejecting the view of its being revealed and believing certain portion of the Qur’an and surats lacking eloquency, existence of contradictory things in the Qur’an, and presence of Heterogeneous and disparate issues in the Qur’an in particular, in Medinanian Surat where dull repeatation has frequently occurred, has been dealt with. All these issues have been critically dealt with academic and authentic approach and a proper answer to these issues have been placed.

Knowing and understanding the view of orientalists about Islam and their critical examination is one of the most important responsibilities of Muslims’ society. Hence, the present paper has been written with the same motive to introduce the challenges of the research taken place in Leiden ensyclopeadia about the children of Israel. The author Uri Rubin has studied the exodus, sins, virtues of the children of Israel, Muslims and children of Israel in the Qur’an, Shi’a and Children of Israel and etc. However, some issues are free from criticism notwithstanding, liberation of children of Israel, extraction of the Qur’an from the Bible, Period of the children of Israel, breaking of the divine tablets, chosen tribe, and destiny of degeneration have been critically examined in this paper.

The place of women in Islam is such important that in many Qur’anic verses the place and position of woman have been indicated and every where at general address they have been addressed too. Thus, from many verses of the Qur’an a conclusion may be derived that the Qur’an respects woman a lot. Islam has given a higher rank to woman and has considered her as the main role player in human life in terms of social, ethical and legal affairs. According the Islam, Woman play a dynamic role in the society and therefore, has made many laws for the women. One of the these laws is of polygamy that has been placed based on individual concern and social, economical and geographical need. The orientalists have taken this issue as a paradox that the Qur’an at one side permits polygamy with a condition of Jsutice while at another side says that it is not possible to maintain justice whatever you do. Therefore, they have accused the Qur’an of inconsistency. This paper intends to clarify the same issue with reference to the Qur’anic verses and ahadith and have proved that the said clain is baseless and wrong. Since the Justcie that he Qur’an has mentioned here is different from what the orientalists understand. The jutice here refers to state of heart that men should have love for all his wives equally.