فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal of Virology
Volume:6 Issue: 4, 2012

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/05/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • S. Rostami, Mt Shakeri, M. Ghayour, Mobarhan, H. Nomani, S. Sepahi, S. Gerayli, B. Foghanian, M. Sadat, Nabavinia, M. Ahadi, Z. Meshkat Pages 1-6
    Background And Aims
    Many studies provided evidence for the role of hepatitis B and C viruses in the development of liver cancer. Although the routine treatment is available for both conditions, no definite guideline is available to treat patients dually infected with HBV and HCV. This study was performed to determine the frequency of HBV/HCV-coinfection in Mashhad, North-East of Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    In our previous study, 3198 participants were already been employed from March 2010 to November 2011 for the study of HBV infection in Mashhad, Iran. ELISA method was used to determine the existence of anti-HCV antibody among HBV infected cases.
    Results
    Of 34 HBsAg positive participants that included equal number of men and women (17 subjects of each gender) with the mean age of 49.9 years, none were positive for anti-HCV antibody.
    Conclusion
    According to the current study, it could be concluded that the prevalence of HBV/HCV coinfection is low in Mashhad. However, since occult HBV infection may go unnoticed by conventional HBsAg testing, high sensitive molecular techniques are required to investigate the presence of dual infection.
  • H. Hosseini, R. Morshed Pages 7-12
    Background And Aims
    Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is one of the most important reemerging diseases in many countries with intensive poultry industries. In Iran, the etiological agent of IBH (fowl adenovirus) has not been yet confirmed. The aim of this study was the molecular detection and identification of fowl adenovirus involving IBH in chicken flocks in Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis of L1 hexon gene was utilized to detect and to determinate genotyping of Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) in broiler breeder flocks. Histopathological sections were prepared and examined.
    Results
    FAdVs were detected in livers. Based on sequencing analysis of the hexon gene, they were genetically related to FAdV-11, a member of the fowl adenovirus D species, with 98% homology to Korean strain in 2011. Histological examination revealed necrotizing hepatitis with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the hepatocytes.
    Conclusion
    This study provided evidence for the role of fowl adenoviruses as agents, causing this clinical disease in Iran and indicated the importance of accurate diagnosis and prevention in the meat-type flocks.
  • Ma Alavi, Esfahani, F. Fotouhi, Chahooki, M. Saleh Msaleh, R. Tavakoli, B. Farahmand, A. Ghaemi, M. Tavassoti, Kheiri Pages 13-19
    Background And Aims
    Influenza A virus of Orthomyxoviridae family is able to create pandemic influenza. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza virus infection. Matrix protein 2 (M2) is a homotetramer ion channel with 97 amino acids length and highly conserved among Influenza viruses and is considered for development of a universal Influenza vaccine.
    Materials And Methods
    We present here cloning and expression of influenza A virus M2 protein as a fusion with 6-His tag in Escherichia coli BL21 strain. The gene was amplified by PCR and ligated into the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a. The expression of M2 protein was induced by IPTG and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The desired protein was purified with affinity chromatography on a Ni-TED resin column and has to be evaluated in animal models for further studies.
    Results
    The results of sequencing showed that M2 gene was cloned in pET28a properly in frame to histidine tag and essed product was confirmed by xpreimmune reaction of monoclonal anti-M2 antibody to recombinant M2 in western blotting.
    Conclusion
    This study might provide a basis for production of a universal and broad-spectrum human influenza vaccine.
  • E. Jafari, A. Mohammadi, Sam Arabzadeh, F. Esna, Ashari, Za Sadigh, Ghr Shokri, R. Shahbazi, A. Foroughi Pages 20-26
    Background And Aims
    Rubella virus is predominantly a childhood disease that is endemic throughout the world and when rubella outbreaks occur, they are accompanied by birth defects following congenital rubella syndrome. Immunity to rubella virus as a teratogenic agent has an important role to prevent these serious congenital defects. Lymphocyte proliferation assay is a way for investigation of human cell-immunity and its ability against rubella infection.
    Materials And Methods
    The blood sample was obtained in sodium heparin tube. It was added to Ficoll to separate lymphocytes. The cells were cultured with medium RPMI 1640 with 15% calf serum on a microplate at 37°C in 3-5% CO2. Mitogens including Phytohemagglutinin and rubella hemagglutinin antigen (derived Takahashi strain) were added, separately. Then a fluorescent nucleotide was added. On day 10th-11th the wells stained and observed.
    Results
    Lymphocytes stimulated with the mitogens were observed directly with inverted microscopy. Their aggregation and growth were detected after two days. Also lymph proliferation was shown using labeled nucleotide comprising a new fluorophore, by fluorescent microscopy. Response to full particle of attenuated virus was better than antigens derived from different parts of the virus.
    Conclusion
    Comparison of the data with previous studies on proliferation of specific lymphocytes in response to rubella vaccination confirms our results. Thus cell-immunity to rubella infection was activated timely, in individuals who vaccinated against rubella virus approximately 10 years ago or exposed to it, but the intensity of responses to different antigens varied in each subject.
  • H. Mirshafiee, Sm Hosseini, Z. Sharifi, H. Latifi, F. Yari, H. Nikbakht, A. Elikaei Pages 27-32
    Background And Aims
    Despite the screening of blood donors, blood transfusion represents an ideal port of entry for blood-borne infection. Blood-borne pathogen transmission has been a concern since the earliest days of transfusion. The blood product of platelet (PLT) concentrates is still faced with the risk of bacterial and viral contaminations. Pathogen inactivation technologies offer a proactive approach and the potential to further improve blood safety. Here we study the pathogen inactivating capacity of riboflavin with UV light treatment in platelet concentrates contaminated with enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
    Materials And Methods
    The inactivation effects of riboflavin in combination with UV light was examined on Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Polio virus classified as enveloped and non-enveloped DNA and RNA viruses, respectively. After spiking viruses in PLT concentrate, treatment was undertaken with riboflavin (50 µM) and exposed to different doses of UV light. Residual viral infectivity was titrated using 50%Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID50).
    Results
    Combination of Riboflavin and UV light treatment reduced the titer of HSV, VSV and Poliovirus with different doses of UV light. Log reduction of HSV with UV doses of 0.82, 1.63, 2.44 and 3.25 J/cm2 was 0.5, 1.3, 3.5 and 3.8, respectively. Log reduction of VSV for 0.82, 1.63, 2.44 and 3.25 J/cm2was 2.8, 3.8, 4.6 and 5.6, respectively. Also, log reduction of poliovirus for 0.82, 1.63, 2.44 and 3.25 J/cm2was 1.7, 2.5, 2.7 and 3.1 respectively.
    Conclusion
    The final dose of UV (3.25 J/cm2) resulted in a larger amount of viral inactivation for enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, suspended in PLT. This method offers a potential to be used for prevention of the majority of PLT transfusion-associated viral pathogens.
  • K. Majidzadeh-A, M. Soleimanidor, A. Morovvati, V. Karimi, A. Ghalyanchi-Langeroudi Pages 33-37