فهرست مطالب

فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی
پیاپی 13 (زمستان 1392)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/11/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • H.Khaniki* Page 7
    This article explores the concept of “globalization” from some principal theoretical perspectives and influential categories in communications. To this end, four concepts of “globality”, “globalization”, “globalizing”, and “globalism” are differentiated and theoretical approaches are discussed based on their attention to the subjects of compression of “time”, “place”, and “space”. Based on this classification that is done by a historical and documentary study, the idea of globalization is formulated on the four basis of the changing experience of space and time, the increasing possibility of interaction between people across geographical and political divisions, the emerging moveability of “capital”, and the accelerating speed of history as a result of new communication technologies. Compression or destruction of place, creation of a borderless world, and overwhelming interactive structures are shown as fundamental components of globalization in modern communication theories. This article elaborates on with “time-space compression” in Castells’ network society theory, “disembodiment” in Gidden’s social theory, “proximity” in Tomlinson’s cultural theory, and “cultural integrity” in Robertson’s social theory. It also considers the theoretical perspective of technological and noetic developments focused on globalization as emersion of mixed, synthetic, fluid, and complex identities which face the two paradoxical dimensions of “global” and “local” in every moment and place.
    Keywords: Globalization, Network Society, Disembodiment, Proximity, Cultural Integrity, Attachment
  • M.R. Dehshiri* Page 35
    Paradiplomacy or parallel diplomacy, meaning subnational identities playing a role in foreign policy and their participation in international relations independent of the central governments, has gained growing importance in the globalization era. This is due to the erosion of governments and fading of borders which are themselves due to the decrease in the authority of central governments and increase in the functions of regional states and governments. In such a horizontal atmosphere in the global governance which is based on multilateral, multilayered and multi-faceted governance, participation of subnational players such as cities, within the framework of urban diplomacy, is increasing. This research investigates the effects of globalization on paradiplomacy, and it is based on a case study of urban diplomacy. The hypothesis is that in the globalization era, paradiplomacy has been reinforced and therefore as a result of increasing levels of “self-governance”, the participation level of regional governments and autonomous entities in foreign relations, especially in the fields of economic, commercial, cultural, and educational cooperation, has increased.
    Keywords: Paradiplomacy, Subnational Government, Regional Governance, Globalization, Urban Diplomacy
  • R. Tavallayee*, J. Bamdad Soofi, A.Rezaeiyan, J. Salehi Sedghiani Page 55
    Knowledge network is regarded as one of the solutions in knowledge management, which strives to create synergistic impacts through effective combination of knowledge bases of allied companies. Nowadays, confronting issues which have structural complexities and various beneficiaries with different perspectives has led to an increase in the use of soft systems particularly in solving management problems. In this study, through meta-analysis of the best experiences of advanced companies in the field of knowledge network, and through cognitive mapping of Iran’s oil industry elites, dimensions and elements of the research problem were investigated and the current techniques were used in this qualitative research to present the domestic pattern for knowledge network development for research and technology hubs of oil industry. The results of the study revealed that the pattern of knowledge network development in research hubs of the oil industry has three dimensions including knowledge network environment, knowledge network structure, and knowledge network content.
    Keywords: Knowledge, Knowledge Network, Cognitive Map, The Best Global Experiences, Oil Industry
  • A.A. Naji Meidani*, M. Salimifar, H. Moshkabadi Mohajer Page 79
    Globalization process has made the world witness significant upheavals in various economic, political, social and cultural dimensions. Generally speaking, globalization of economy is seen as further integration of national economy in the global economy and this issue has been widely debated by philosophers, theoreticians, and experts. Considering the importance and usage of the machinery, equipment, tools and metal products industries in big industrial projects and various fields of economy as capital goods, it is essential that economic policy makers concentrate on this section of industry. This study, utilizing Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling (ARDL) and annual data collected from 1974 to 2007, has investigated and assessed impacts of globalization on imports of these industries. The findings reveal that globalization of commerce has negative impacts on import demands of the above industries both in short and long term periods.
    Keywords: Globalization of Commerce, Machinery Industry, Imports Demand, Iran
  • M.Shahabi*, S.Rahmati Far Page 105
    Since early 1990s, law, like many other sciences, recognized the globalization phenomenon. Earlier, law had encountered the phenomenon of internationalization which dealt with the interaction between two or more governments regardless of their geographic locations. But the new development i.e. globalization of law, is much more pervasive and includes much wider legal areas. Among the effects of globalization on law, is the change of legal rule making process, and appearance of new rule making institutions in the field of law. Factors such as internationalization of law, globalization of economy, and the crisis of democratic legitimacy of governments, have had impacts on the composition of legal rule making entities. Although still government is the most important legal player, other institutions such as civil society and economic private sectors have gained significant shares in the process. Activism of these players, which are formed by citizens, is, in traditional interpretation, nonelective, and in other words, non-democratic. This has turned legitimacy of legal rules in the globalization era into a pivotal challenge in the debates on globalization of law. On the other hand, the basic issue is how to divide the law making jurisdictions between the old and the new claimants.
    Keywords: Globalization of Law, Rule Making, Globalization of Economy, Civil Society, Democracy
  • S. Siavashi* Page 129
    Pathology of the challenges of today’s world with its newfound political and social elements, and introducing solutions for these challenges are the main features of modern Persian and Arabic poetry. Detailed analysis of the modern literature in Iran and the Arab world opens new horizons before the audience. The purpose of this study is the discourse analysis of poems of the Poet Laureate Bahar and Ahmad Shawqi, Prince of Poets, as representatives of Constitutional literature in Iran and Literary Movement in Egypt. Utilizing a descriptive- analytical method based on American school of comparative literature, this study found out: a) Teachings of Bahar and Shawqi have global aspects and contain new messages for the modern man, b) Global messages of Bahar and Shawqi can be basically classified in the fields of science, domestic and foreign politics, war, freedom, women’s rights and poverty.
    Keywords: Global Messages, Modern Persian, Arabic Poetry, Shawqi, Bahar
  • F. Setvati* Page 157
    Commercial ads are communicative texts through contents of which (signs and symbols) meaning is transmitted to the audience. This study investigates cultural components of globalization in T.V commercial ads. Globalization is a double-edged sword that on one hand creates new opportunities for the culture of every country and on the other hand, creates threats via integration of cultures, removal of subcultures and reduction of cultural diversity. Therefore, by identifying the types of cultural components of globalization, arrangements can be made to recognize the effects of global culture and then facilitate the forecast and review of some of the policies in the field of commercial ads. To this end, out of 1844 ads (132 types) aired by Iran’s national TV channels of 1, 2 and 3 between 20th March and 20th June 2012, 25 commercial ads were purposefully surveyed and selected. Using the semiotic method within globalization perspective, cultural components of the selected commercial ads were studied. The main purpose of this research is to study how globalization components are reflected in the cultural approach. Considering the interaction of Iranian, Islamic and global cultures, recognition of cultural components is of prime importance in preserving the rich Iranian culture.
    Keywords: Cultural Components, Globalization, Commercial Ads