Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Electrical Engineering
Volume:2 Issue: 6, Summer 2013

We have designed a new type of optical channel drop filter (CDF) based on two dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystals. CDF operation is based on coupling to the photonic crystal waveguide. The proposed structure is optimized to work as a CDF for obtaining the CDF characteristics and band structure of the filter the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and plane wave expansion (PWE) method are used respectively. Dropping efficiency at and quality factor (Q) of our proposed structure are 96.36 % and 282.7, respectively. The quantities of quality factor and transmission efficiency are suitable for optical applications.

Here, we propose an optical filter and an optical power splitter based on two-dimensional photonic crystal all circular ring resonators. These structures are made of a square lattice of silicon rods with the refractive index n1=3.464 surrounded by air (with refractive index n2=1). First, we have designed the filter and by using that, we designed a power splitter. The transmission efficiency and Quality factor for both, an optical filter and an optical power splitter, respectively, are more than 90% and 1000. Resonant modes of the all-circular ring resonator with their corresponding degenerated poles and the transmission spectra are calculated using the PWE, and 2D-FDTD methods respectively.

One of the most important Fuel cells (FCs) is Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). The output voltage of this FC depends on current loads. This paper tries to introduce, implement and control the voltage of PEMFC, during load variations. The output voltage of fuel cell should be constant during load variation. To achieve this goal, a controller should be designed. Here, the Lead-Lag controller is used which its coefficients are optimized based on PSO algorithms. In order to use this algorithm, first this problem has to be formulated as an optimization problem, including objective function and constraints, and then to obtain the most desirable controller, PSO method is used to solve the problem. Simulation results for various loads in the time domain are performed and the results show the capability of the proposed controller. Simulations show the accuracy of the proposed controller performance to achieve this goal.

A simple semi-phenomenological model, which accurately predicts the dependence of threshold current for temperature of Resonant-phonon three well quantum cascade laser based on vertical transitions is offered. We found that, the longitude optical phonon scattering of thermally excited electrons is the most important limiting factor for thermal performance of high frequency THz QCLs. In low frequency region, parasitic current increases the threshold current. Based on our model the use of materials with higher longitude optical phonon energy such as InGaAs/GaAsSb and decreasing the lower laser level lifetime can increase the maximum performance temperature. Our observations may can be used to understand the notion of the effects of thermal electrons on reduction of laser performance.

We developed a new semi-supervised EM-like algorithm that is given the set of objects present in each training image, but does not know which regions correspond to which objects. We have tested the algorithm on a dataset of 860 hand-labeled color images using only color and texture features, and the results show that our EM variant is able to break the symmetry in the initial solution. We compared two different methods of combining different types of abstract regions, one that keeps them independent and one that intersects them. The intersection method had a higher performance as shown by the ROC curves in our paper. We extended the EM-variant algorithm to model each object as a Gaussian mixture, and the EM-variant extension outperforms the original EM-variant on the image data set having generalized labels. Intersecting abstract regions was the winner in our experiments on combining two different types of abstract regions. However, one issue is the tiny regions generated after intersection. The problem gets more serious if more types of abstract regions are applied. Another issue is the correctness of doing so. In some situations, it may be not appropriate to intersect abstract regions. For example, a line structure region corresponding to a building will be broken into pieces if intersected with a color region. In future works, we attack these issues with two phase approach classification problem.

In this paper a new UWB textile slot antenna has been designed with high precision. This work aimed to make closer steps towards real wearability by investigating the possibilities of designing wearable UWB antenna where textile materials are used for the substrate as well as the conducting parts of the designed antenna. The antenna is composed of three textile layers: the top and bottom are conducting layers and the third layer is a textile dielectric layer and sandwiched between these two conducting layers. The developed antenna offers flexible, light-weight and bendable properties, and can be easily incorporated into clothing using a simple iron-on adhesive process. The ironon process allows for the fabric to be washed without losing its adhesion. The antenna shows better than 13 dB return loss and peak gain 5±2 dB over FCC UWB from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. The antenna’s overall size is 5mm×5mm.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) technology shows great interest in the recent scientific literatures. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is a interconnection of energy storage of PHEVs and grid. By implementation of V2G dependencies of the power system on small expensive conventional units can be reduced, resulting in reduced operational cost. This paper represents an intelligent unit commitment (UC) with V2G optimization based on Modified Harmony Search Algorithm (MHSA). MHSA was conceptualized using the musical process of searching for a perfect state of harmony, just as the optimization process seeks to find a global solution that is determined by an objective function. Intelligent UC with V2G optimization in power system is presented in this paper. Since the number of PHEV in V2G is relatively high, UC with V2G optimization problem is more complex than the basic UC. A case study based on conventional 10-unit test system is conducted to facilitate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show a significant amount of cost reduction with integration of V2G in UC problem. Comparison of the results with those obtained by Particle Swarm Optimization shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.