فهرست مطالب

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری - سال پنجم شماره 19 (پاییز 1392)

نشریه اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری
سال پنجم شماره 19 (پاییز 1392)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/11/15
  • تعداد عناوین: 20
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  • Dr. Hossein Mohammadpour Zarandi, Seyyed Mohsen Tabatabaei Mozdabadi Page 8
    Various indexes and methods of assessing the performance of municipalities have beendeveloped across the globe; however, the municipalities in Iran are just at thebeginning of experiencing such an approach and most problems in urban managementof the nation are due to the managers’ lack of awareness of the organizationperformance, which in turn, is the direct result of insufficiency in defining indexes andmethods of assessing performance. Despite the importance attached to assessingperformance issue, unfortunately, no general consensus has been made on the indexesfor assessing the performance of municipalities in Iran. Assessing performance isusually made in relation to purposes and resources and the municipality five-year planmay well help the managers, but, so far, not a scientific approach has been taken tosuch an assessment. Therefore, in order to define the very indexes, it is necessary that ageneral consensus be made so that comparing the performance of different sections ofthe municipality and that of the municipalities of different cities could be possible. Thecurrent article, assessing the financial performance in municipalities with regard to thedefined indexes in Tehran municipality, comes in two parts; the first part focuses onthe principles and methods of assessing the performance in public section like themethods of assessing performance in municipalities and the strong and weak points ofthem, and the second section introduces the indexes Tehran municipality has definedfor assessing financial performance.
    Keywords: Assessing Performance, Municipality, Index, Financial Management
  • Reza Pouriafar, Seyyed Yousef Akbarinasab, Aghdas Fattahi Page 19
    Municipalities, in order to provide infrastructural establishments and to harmoniously develop cities and to offer public services, require sufficient financial resources. In Iran, overdependency of municipalities, especially those of metropolises, on the income obtained from housing and construction sections, particularly from selling the permission to construct in highly congested areas, in addition to having effects on prices increase, has made a lot of financial problems and crises for municipalities over different periods. With regard to the necessity for the municipality’s involvement in providing goods and services for citizens and to the increase in expenses, what comes to the foreground is the method of providing the financial resources for the very goods and services because in keeping with the increase in urbanization, expenses increase as well; however, it is not clear whether or not the income would increase accordingly. Therefore, the municipality’s involvement in allocating and optimizing the use of urban facilities without having access to sufficient resources is impossible. The current article, utilizing analytic-descriptive method, assesses the financial and income system of the municipality of Qom both from sustainable and unsustainable income perspective. An investigation into the statistics and income resources of the city of Qom indicates that the share of sustainable income of the municipality of Qom from the total amount of income was 9 percent in 2011, 11 percent in 2012, and with a slight rise reached 14 percent in 2013. On the other hand, the share of taxes collected from construction, like issuing construction permission and fines for illegal construction and disregarding parking space, had a significant increase in 2013 comparing with the years 2011 and 2012. Therefore, careful supervision over the performance of different districts municipalities, defining profitable projects, encouraging citizens to pay tax and developing infrastructural plans are among the factors contributing to providing sustainable financial resources for the city of Qom.
    Keywords: Municipality, Providing Financial Resources, Income, Financial System, Sustainable Income
  • Dr. Mohammad Aeini, Vahid Imani Page 29
    According to the existing statistics, over 500 cities in Iran have worn textures; hence,many people live in buildings which are void of modern standards for constructingbuildings. Low income of such inhabitants and lack of allocating significant credit byIran capital markets have resulted in slowing-down of the renovation process of suchbuildings. Today, encouraging different sections to make investment in the worntextures is the major concern of many officials and the most important obstacle forsuch investments seems to be economic issues. Reforming and recreating of theeconomy of the very textures and paving the way for absorbing new capitals andbringing about variety in financial instruments in the related capital market are ofessential significance. Employing each of the mentioned instruments for developinginvestment in worn textures of the city, attracting the investors, defining investmentpackages, and preparing reports of financial and economic justification in relevantprojects require analyses and assessing the investment process in a simple but scientificmethod. Inasmuch as investment in the industry of urban renovation is literally aninvestment in a place, here a city, making use of Geographical Information System(GIS) and applying skills and techniques for urban planning to make the relatedanalysese practical and understandable are indispensable. As there are numerousfactors and as the issue is really complicated, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) isan apt option. AHP through GIS indicated that the economic status and the effects ofeasy-access to urban services and open ranges as well as the supports of governmentand municipality are the main norms for investors and the factor of easy-access to tradezones and the price of properties have a significant effect on attracting investors.
    Keywords: Investment Desirability, Worn Texture, AHP, GIS
  • Mahmoud Shourcheh, Fatemeh Shakeri Page 44
    Upon urban economics, municipalities are among public institutions in Iran which are responsible for providing public goods and services for the citizens. The institution, to compensate for expenses for providing urban public goods, is dependent on specific resources the most important of which are collecting taxes and tolls and the fines for illegal constructions. However, many analysts believe that such resources are unsustainable. The current article, while confirming the previous findings, spatially analyzes the issue of unsustainable financing method of municipalities. The results, upon such an approach, indicated that overdependency of municipalities on current model of financing resources spreads a model of urban development which results in unsustainability of city and income resources of the municipalities as the main hypothesis of the current research is that a significant part of the expenses of a municipality for which financing is required has its root in developmental-spatial models the municipality has opted for. Thus, the solution suggested by the current research is eliminating legal obstacles for financing and careful allocation and definition of responsibilities and clarifying the status of municipality in a city. Change in the developmental approach of municipalities to cities is also suggested.
    Keywords: Financing, Spatial Dimensions, Developmental, Spatial Models, Metropolises