نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال نوزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 85، اردیبهشت 1393)

Considering the fact that there are several methods are considered for addition time of spinal anesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of premedication on time mexiletine sensory and motor block in spinal anesthesia with lidocaine. In this clinical trial, 60 patients undergoing lower extremity surgery aged 15-50 years according to the American Society of Anesthesiology class I and II, which were referred to the Shahid Bahonar Hospital, were randomly assigned to the intervention and control two equal groups. The intervention group was received 200 mg mexiletine capsules two hours before the operation and the control group was given placebo. Spinal anesthesia was carried out in both groups with a 5% lidocaine solution (100 mg) in the L3-L4 or L2-L3 with the same approach. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation was recorded at intervals of 5- 10 minutes. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test statistic. R Onset of sensory and motor block was significantly shorter than intervention group (p<0.01). Duration of sensory and motor block of intervention group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.01). Rate in the intervention group at time 0, 5, 10, 60 and 75 min after administration of spinal anesthesia was less than the control group (p<0.05). Mexiletine is effective in increasing duration of sensory and motor block in spinal anesthesia. It also increases the speed of onset of spinal anesthesia with lidocaine.

Quality of life decreases in cardiac patients and there is little information about the effect of interval training on this matter. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare an eight week of high intensity interval training with a common continuous training on health-related quality of life in cardiac patients with post-coronary artery bypass graft. In this clinical trial, 30 cardiac patients in Tehran Heart Center whom CABG surgery was done on, were randomly divided into two groups: high-intensity interval training and continuous moderate-intensity training (program common). The program of interval group included 4rep × 4 min at 90-95% HRpeak and continuous group 60-80 minute at 70-85% HRpeak. The program continued three sessions per week for 8 weeks. Life quality was assessed based on the SF-36 questionnaire before and after the training program. The collected data were analyzed using the one way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests. Physical function, social function, mental health and vitality were significantly increased following both training programs (p<0.05). Physical function and social function after high-intensity interval training was more than moderate intensity continuous training (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between two groups in general health and role physical (p>0.05) It seems that not only does high-intensity interval training program not threaten cardiac patients with post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery, it is also, more beneficial than moderate intensity continuous training in some parameters of life quality such as physical and social functions. Key words: Exercise, Quality of Life, Cardiac Patients, Post-coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Apart from being an immunosuppressant agent, Cyclophosphamide (CYP) has been known to induce oxidative stress, impact on gonadal cells’ DNA and reduce the fertilizing potential. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of crocin, as a potential antioxidant on in vitro fertilized embryo developments when exposed to CYP. Thirty six mature female mice, aged 6-8 weeks, were divided into 3 groups and treated for 21 days. The control group received normal saline (0.1 ml/kg,ip/day), and sham control group received CYP alone (15 mg/kg,ip/week) and experimental group received crocin (200mg/kg,ip/day) along with CYP (15 mg/kg,ip/week). Ovarian hyperstimulation PMSG and HCG were administrated for stimulating the ovulation process. The sperms were obtained from 6 mature male mice. Animals were anesthetized to easy draw, after oocyte extraction and normal sperm and fertilization, fertilized oocytes were incubated for 120 hours in presence of HTF + 4 mg BSA, and embryonic development was examined. Data were analyzed. .................... test. A significant reduction were observed in a number of proper oocytes, fertilization rate, two-cell embryos and blastocysts In the sham control group, but a significant increase in the number of stopped embryos in the control group were seen. Crocin administration significantly increased the number of proper oocytes, fertilization rate, two-cell embryos, blastocysts and embryos stopped significantly decreased compared to the sham control group (p <0.05). The crocin therapy co-administration with CYP resulted in a significant improvement of fertilizing potential and promoted the embryo development in vitro.

Foodborne disease is a major health and economic problem in industrialized and non-industrialized countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate salmonella contamination of native eggs in kohgiloyeh & Boyerahmad province by PCR and evaluation of drug resistance. This cross-sectional study-descriptive study has done on 210 eggs which collected from native Kohgiluyeh & Boyerahmad.province. Biochemical tests were used to identification of b isolates acteria. Suspected salmonella reactions were tested by PCR with primers invA gene. The data were analyzed by chi-square test and Fisher. The results showed that 14 eggs (6.66%) of all were contaminated with salmonella genus. The highest contamination area was seen in Dehdasht whereas the lowest area was shown in Charvsa, Dyshmvk, Lendeh and Basht. No significant correlation was found between the type and extent of contamination and the region. The most antibiotic resistance was seen to penicillin (100%). Microbial agents such as salmonella can cause food spoilage and disease. To avoid of resistance to salmonells species discriminate use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry should be recommended.

Diabetes is a chronic disease caused with decreased insulin secretion in beta-cell dysfunction of pancreatic or an increase in insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methanol extract of Teucrium orientale on blood glucose and liver damage markers in streptozotocin diabetic rats. In this experimental research 32 male albino Wistar rats, with body weights of 200–240g were randomly allocated into four groups of 8 rats in each. Groups included: control (normal rats), diabetic rats (received STZ in single dose 60 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneal way and without receive extract), treated normal rats (received T. orientale 200 mg/kg bw, oral gavage) and diabetic treated rats (received STZ in single dose 60 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneal way and received T. orientale 200 mg/kg bw, oral gavage). After 21 days, blood glucose, (MDA) in liver and the activity of the liver enzymes (ALT، AST،ALP (were evaluated. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software via the one-way ANOVA. Resulths: This study demonstrated that serum levels of glucose in T. orientale treated diabetic group (222 ± 9. 8) were significantly lower than diabetic rats (572 ± 8) (P < 0. 01). The MDA level in T. orientale treated diabetic group (1. 01 ± 0. 04) was significantly decreased in comparison to diabetic rats (1. 25± 0. 54) (P < 0. 05). The ALT, AST and ALP levels in T. orientale treated diabetic group were significantly decreased compared to diabetic rats (P < 0. 01). The results of this study showed that methanol extract of T. orientale had antidiabetic effects and consequently might have alleviated the liver damage caused by streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that depression has been found in more than 40% of patients and due to a number of sub-clinical markers associated with disease the opportunity to the emergence of gains. The purpose of this study was to assess depression and markers of sub-clinical multiple sclerosis. In this analytical cross-sectional study, 162 patients with MS were selected by consecutive sampling and using the clinical and demographic variables inventory, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Short Form Health Survey questionnaire, and Fatigue Severity Scale along with identical analog-spring balance were examined. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test and stepwise multiple regression. Patients with 3 or more times of frequency and hospitalizations were experiencing received a significantly higher depression scores than patients with lower frequency of hospitalization. in addition to the markers of sub-clinical disease 30% of the common variance in depression could explained totaly. Generally in the final step due to limitations of physical problems, bodily pain, fatigue the depression scores in patients were able to be predicted significantly (p <0.0001). The impacts of sub-clinical markers in multiple sclerosis patients with depression were significant. Therefore it is necessary that the key predictors identified in this study were known as a possible predisposing factor in the development of depression associated with multiple sclerosis be exploited to manage the disease regularly.

Intervention programs based on audience comments without identifying and analyzing factors associated with behavior intervention to determine the basic idea is not possible. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes, behaviors and attitudes of taxi drivers. This cross-sectional study consists of two parts: quantitative and qualitative that has done on taxi drivers in Yasuj linear. In qualitative part, data were explored from 16 drivers in two focal group discussions; and in quantitative survey, a questionnaire is used for measuring attitudes and self-reported behaviors and a checklist is used for recording observational behaviors of 260 taxi drivers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Most drivers toward avoiding dangerous driving behaviors attitudes were favorable. More than 80% stated that they always or often avoid doing dangerous driving behavior. Observed behaviors indicated that the most frequent treatment-related hazardous unless safety belts along the way. Results of group discussions focused on four main themes were categorized into a number of sub themes and major strategies to reduce dangerous driving behaviors, training sessions, continuous improvement of streets, more police monitoring of their driving and line supervisors as individuals, would affect taxi drivers. Determination of the most common dangerous driving behaviors, the viewpoints of drivers and selection of drivers groups based on the criteria which influence their behavior, the effectiveness of interventions to reduce dangerous driving behaviors to be followed.

Emotional intelligence is an ability to control the emotions of oneself. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence and academic achievement, and also depression in students of medical science. In this sectional study the emotional questionnaire (EQI) and USDI questionnaire were used. To evaluate the academic achievement the difference in average scores of 300 students of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences were used during the academic term. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, t-tests and descriptive statistics (mean ± SD). Results indicated that there was significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement (p<0.05). Overall, 80 percent of students had moderate and good emotional intelligence. 12.7% of students had excellent intelligence while 67.7% of them suffered from depression. Improving education and the student's level of emotional intelligence can decrease anxiety and improve academic achievement.