فصلنامه سلامت و مراقبت
سال پانزدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1392)

Attention to the quality of life of the children from view of child and their parents to identify a child's specific needs and adopting appropriate and effective care has special importance. This study aimed to determine the quality of life of children with congenital heart disease as perceived by children and their Parents. In a descriptive-analytical study, quality of life of 60 school-age children with congenital heart disease hospitalized in Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Tehran by a convenient sampling were examined. Data collection tools included demographic information and quality of life questionnaire for children with heart disease (PedsQl Cardiac Module) from both the children and parents view point. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The average score of quality of life from children’s point of view was 0.5 ±0.09, and from their Parents view point was 0.61± 0.08 (p=00/0). There were significant differences between quality of life scores in all domains (except for disease problems), and totally between both the children and parents point of view) P >0.05(. Our findings indicated that the vision of children with congenital heart disease and their parents on dimensions of quality of life were different. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses along with health care, pursue follow up programming for these patients and their family to improve the quality of life of these children, to have an effective step towards empowering children and families for disease control, prevention of complications, anxiety, and thus increasing the level of self-care and quality childs of life of child.

Nowadays, notice to multiple dimensions of health and in other word “quality of life” is too important. Because of the important role of nurses and administrative staff in providing health care services and community health, the present study was done in Ardabil University of medical sciences to compare quality of life of administrative staff and nurses of Ardabil educational Centers. This descriptive–analytical study was conducted in 2011-2012. 250 nurses and 252 administrative employees working in headquarters departments, faculties and Health Centers were selected from the employment list randomly were collected using a demographic occupational factor and quality of life’s valid questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Spss v.19 software. There were 234 men and 268 women in samples. Largest sample with 44% were aged 30 to 40 years. Results showed that the total score of physical health and mental health of staff was better than nurses. Also, in the domains of physical function, social function, physical health, there was statistically significant difference, and the staffs had better condition than nurses (p >0.05) Perhaps we could say that, one of the reasons of good quality of life in administrative nurses is due to nurse’s difficult working conditions and ignorance of their social health and support, workload and hard work. So, in order to achieve perfect efficiency in delivery of nursing services, it's recommended that managers pay attention to nurse's different dimensions of quality of life.

Nursing Profession is stressful and the stress of the job can causes burnout, but people's perception of a stressful event and coping strategies can adjust this relation. The purpose of present study was to compare burnout in nurses of ICU, emergency and surgical wards and its relationship with their perceived stress and coping strategies. This is a descriptive-correlational study. The population of study were all male and female nurses who are working in 4 teaching hospitals which were located in Sari (N=180). Number of study's sample based on Krejcie & Morgan tables determined 120 nurses who selected by stratified random sampling from all the nurses working in ICU, emergency and surgical wards. The research instrument was Tedym burnout questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress scale and Endler & Parker's coping strategies scale. Descriptive-analytical tests in Spss software v.19 were used for data analyze. Results showed that 64.16% (77 persons) of nurses were in moderate level of job burnout, 31.66% (38 persons) in high level and 4.2% (5 persons) in low level of job burnout. Also, there were no significant difference in burnout between the nurses of Emergency, ICU and Surgery wards (F=1.511, P=0.255). There was a positive significant relationship between perception of stress, emotion-oriented strategies and avoidance with burnout (r=0.429, r=0.577, r=0.381, p=0.000) and also negative significant correlation between task-oriented and burnout (r=-0.480, p=0.000). According to the high level of burnout in nurses and its related perceived stress and coping strategies, identifying nurses who perceive high stress or use improper coping strategies is necessary.

Students’ academic achievement and its related factors is one of research priorities in the educational programs. Due to success in the studying, students achieve a position that can use the maximum Internal (individual) and external (environmental) power to attain their higher educational goals and gain needed conditions for successful social life. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to investigate individual and environmental factors affecting educational achievement of Ardabil medical students. This study was a case-control research. Statistical sample were consisted of all 200 medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Through checking educational dossiers of students, the scores of two semester in academic year of 2009-2010 obtained, and accordingly, statistical samples of successful students (score >16) and unsuccessful (score>16) were identified and 32 persons were selected for each group by simple random sampling. For data collection, demographic questionnaire, Raven Intelligence Test for Adults, Cooper smith Self Esteem Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory were used. Data analyzed using descriptive-analytical tests in Spss v.19 software. Results showed that, among 64 students, 34 people were males, of which 16 (47.1%) were in successful and 18 (52.9%) in unsuccessful groups and among 30 girls participated in the study, 16 persons (53.3%) were in successful and 14 (46.7%) were in unsuccessful groups. Results showed that there werent a significant relationship between gender and marital status with academic achievement, but there were statistically significant relationship between residence variables, averaging diploma, employment, being native, socio-economic status, self-esteem, depression and IQ with the progress or lack of academic achievement. So, most of students with higher academic achievement were non-residential, unemployed, native and graduated with high diploma score, higher socioeconomic level, higher IQ and self-esteem and lesser depression level)p<0.05 (. Residential place, diploma score, being native, socioeconomic status, self-esteem, depression and IQ level are some of factors affecting academic achievement. Conditions should be created to identify the student personal and environmental conditions that affect academic achievement to take the necessary steps to improve their academic

According to previous studies, variable percent of nurses suffer from psychological problems or disorders. Mental health promotion requires identifying its relevant factors in order to promote effective factors and eliminate the negative factors. Purpose of present study was to determine the relationship between motivational function of headnurses and mental health of nurses in teaching hospitals of Qom. In this descriptive-correlational study, 275 nurses were selected from 3 teaching hospitals in Qom based on convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire for assessment of motivational functional of headnurses and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) based on the Likert scale and cut-of point of 32. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and correlation analysis (Pearson’s correlation) in SPSS v.16. The findings indicated that 45.1% of nurses are mentally healthy and 54.9% of nurses are susceptible to psychological problems. Motivational function of headnurses was good and weak in 37.7% and 19.5% of cases, respectively. Also, there was reverse but not statistically significant correlation between psychological problems of nurses and quality of performance incentive plan of headnurses (p<0.05). Motivational role of headnurses is essential but not adequate for nurse's mental health. Thus hospital managers and national health care system support is necessary for effective planning in order to prevention of psychological problems, periodic psychological examinations and treatment of psychological disorders of nurses.

One of the non-drug methods of induction of labor is the castor oil. Despite the wide use of castor oil in the profession of midwifery, few studies regarding its efficacy and safety have been reported. This study was conducted to determine the effect of castor oil on labor pain. This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 100 pregnant women. Samples were randomly divided into two groups. The case group was given 60 ml of castor oil and the control group received nothing. Then the onset of labor and mode of delivery analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests. The results showed that, although the normal delivery in case group slightly was higher than control group, but no significant correlation was found between the two groups (P=0/21). The number of women with uterine contractions in the case group was higher than control group, but the chi-square test did not detect significant differences between the two groups (P=0/07). According to these findings, Castor oil is not considered definitive method for onset of labor at term delivery.

Temptation is one of the transtheoretical model’s constructs, which investigates advantages and disadvatages of behavior changes, and depend of that, makes decisions about behaviors change and not change. The aim of the current study was to determine decidional balance and its relationship with stages of change in smokers. Secondary analysis was conducted over three separate studies in different areas of country which included 1108 smokers who were selected conveniencely. Data were collected using velicer,s smoking decisional balance and Prochaska,s stages of change questionnaires Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential in SPSS v.15 software. The age range of the participats were 16-80 years (maan±Sd=28.58 ±10.17). 514(46.3%) of them were in precontemplation, 222(20%) in contemplation, 315 (28.4%) in preparation, 32(2.9%) in action, and 26(2.3%) in maintenance stages. The results showed that smoking decreased linearly during the stages, but cons of smoking had increased during the phases except for action stage. Meanwhile smoking pons and cons equalize contemplation stage. There was a significant relationship between stages of change and smoking pros and cons (p≤0.05). results showed that, the mean scores of pros and cons of smoking was different from other stages which consisted with expected pattern of transtheoretical model.

Hypothermia is the most promising therapy care in infants with birth asphyxia. However, during cooling period brain temperature fluctuation will leads to cerebral edema and subsequently adverse effects on hemodynamic status and brain development. Therefore, this study was conducted to comparison of outcomes of hypothermia in tow cooling Methoead of total and head in nonates with asphyxia. Our Study was a desciptive comparative research, in which 50 infants with birth asphyxia were selected using convenient sampling method from a teaching hospital in Tabriz. These babies underwent head cooling up to target rectal of 34-35 °c temperature and total body cooling up to target rectal of 32.5-33.5 °c temperature. They remained in this temperature for 72 hours and then it was gradually increased during 8-12 h to 36.5 °c. During the cooling period possible of short-term side effects were observed and mortality was assessed. Data analyzed using SPSS v.17 and descriptive-analytical statistics. According to findings, the mean time to start cooling newborns in head cooling group was 5±1.6 hours and in total body cooling group was 4.5±1.8 hours after delivery during cooling temperature fluctuation in head cooling was about 0.37°c and in total body cooling was about 0.41°c. Meanwhile, in head cooling group, seizure with 19 persons (76%) and pulmonary hemorragia with 2 persons (8/%) and in total body cooling group seizure with 21 persons (84%) and pulmonary hemorragia with 3 persons (12/%), were respectively the most and the least common short time side effects. Hypothermia related complications did not differ significantly between the two groups (p<0.05). Findings showed that there is no significant difference between the two groups in short term complications of hypothermia and mortality rate in neonates with birth asphyxia Thus, hypothermia can be one of the most effective therapeutic approaches to increase survival rate and quality of life of infants with birth asphyxia.