فهرست مطالب

Journal of Chemical Health Risks
Volume:4 Issue: 2, Spring 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/03/16
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Elham Aslmoshtaghi, Moslem Jafari, Majid Rahemi Page 1
    The effects of postharvest application of cobalt chloride were investigated on vase life of rose stood individually in vials and the other ones placing daffodil flowers in a vase with a rose flower. Therefore, roses were treated with: CoCl2 (100, 200, 300 mg L-1, respectively) or distilled water (control). The results showed that the decreased vase life of rose flowers, after daffodil was placed in their vase water, is due to daffodil mucilage, which blocks water up take, mainly as a result of increased bacterial growth. Cobalt chloride inhibited vascular blockage in the stem of rose and maintained a high water flow rate through stems, leading to significantly water uptake by cut flowers.
    Keywords: Copper, Rose, Vase life
  • Meimanat Fathi, Reza Nezamzadeh, Mehdi Mahdavi Page 7
    Cytokines have important roles in the control of bacterial and viral infections such as HIV-1. Interleukin 17 which is secreted by Th17 is one of these cytokines with a special role in controlling microbial infections. In the present study, adjuvant activity of Alum and Naloxone mixture has been studied on immune responses, especially IL-17 cytokine. Naloxone and Alum adjuvant are mixed with 10 µg of recombinant vaccine HIV-1-gag-pol-tat-env. Experimental groups, consisting of 36 inbred male Balb/c mice divided into six groups, were injected subcutaneouslyat days 0, 14 and 28 with total volume of 200 µl. 2 weeks after final injection, mouse spleens were removed in sterile conditions and used to prepare suspensions. Lymphocyte proliferation responses were evaluated with Brdu test and evaluation of cytokines IL-4, IL-17 and INF-γ were completed using ELISA kit, plus total antibody and antibody isotopes IgG1 and IgG2a using ELISA test. All results show that the mixture of Alum with Naloxone increased cellular immune parameters and specially raised interleukin 17 which illustrated a significant difference with other groups. It seems that Alum and Naloxone mixture could control viral infections by affecting the Th17 pathway in which IL17 cytokine has a critical role.
    Keywords: Alum, HIV, 1, Cytokines, Naloxone
  • Ali Moghimi Page 15
    A simple, highly sensitive, accurate and selective method was presented for determination of trace amounts of Cu (II) in water samples. The stability of an N, N´ -disalicylideneethylenediamine modified Nano Geraphene especially in concentrated hydrochloric acid was studied which used as a recycling and pre-concentration reagent for further uses of N, N´-disalicylideneethylenediamine modified Nano Geraphene. The method was based on N, N´ -disalicylideneethylenediamine modified Nano Gerapheneof Cu (II) on surfactant coated C18, modified with a N, N´ -disalicylideneethylenediamine modified Nano Geraphene. The retained ions were then eluted with 4 ml of 4 M nitric acid and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) at 283.3 nm for Cu. The influence of flow rates of sample and eluent solutions, pH, breakthrough volume, effect of foreign ions were investigated on chelation and recovery. (1.5 g of surfactant coated C18 adsorbs 40 mg of the Schiff’s base which in turn can retain 15.2±0.8mg of ion) The limit of detection (3σ) for Cu (II) was found to be 3.20 ng l -1. The enrichment factor for both ions was 100. The mentioned method was successfully applied on determination of Cu in different water samples. The ions were also speciated by means of three- column system.
    Keywords: Determination of Cu Preconcentration, N, N´, disalicylideneethylenediamine, Modified Nano Geraphene, FAAS
  • Bahareh Lorestani, Chia Arjangi, Hajar Merrikhpour Page 23
    In this study, the effectiveness of kiwi shell was investigated to reduce the mobility of Lead and Cadmium in clay soil in different intervals. For this purpose a clay soil sample was contaminated with Lead and Cadmium in distinct dishes with 10 and 600 ppm concentrations respectively and mixed with 5% kiwi shell. Samples were placed in incubator, and then sampling of soil in incubator was performed in intervals 3 hours, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Heavy metals concentrations were determined in different fractions of soil including exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxides, organic matter, and residual with sequential extraction procedure and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that during incubation, Lead concentration in treatments with kiwi shell rather than control soil increased in carbonate from 19.48 to 26.18 and in organic matter from 9.06 to 18.66 percent. Exchangeable, Fe-Mn oxides and residual fractions decreased from 11.48 to 6.69, 45.72 to 39.83 and 14.21 to 7.90 percent respectively. In samples with absorbent compared with control soil, Cadmium concentration in carbonate and organic matter increased from 28.20 to 38.40 and 18.76 to 24.72, while in exchangeable, Fe-Mn oxides and residual decreased from 16.66 to 13.69, 37.25 to 19.65 and 6.24 to 3.61 percent respectively. This study revealed that kiwi shell function in decreasing Cadmium and Lead mobility in studied clay soil were increased with increasing incubation time, but Cadmium compared with Lead required additional time to transfer and mobility to constant and stable soil fractions such as, organic matter and Fe-Mn oxides.
    Keywords: Lead, Cadmium, Kiwi shell, Mobility, Incubation
  • Neda Javadian, Habibollah Mirzai, Abdorreza Mohammadi Nafchi Page 39
    Native fish gelatin has some disadvantages such as high hydrophilic, and solubility in cold water. Mixing with other biopolymers and crosslinking by sugars may improve functional properties of fish gelatin. So in this research, the effects of ribose were investigated on moisture sorption isotherm, solubility in water, and mechanical properties of cold water fish gelatin (CWFG) films. Ribose sugar was incorporated into CWFG solutions at different concentrations (e.g. 0, 2, 4, and 6% w/w dried gelatin). Physicochemical properties such as water solubility, moisture sorption isotherm and mechanical properties of the films were measured according to ASTM standards. Results showed that incorporation of ribose sugar significantly improved functional properties of CWFG films. Solubility, moisture content and monolayer water content of the matrixes were decreased by increasing the ribose contents. Mechanical properties of biocomposites were improved more than 20% and moisture sorption isotherm curve significantly shifted to lower moisture contents. The results of this study could be explored for commercial use, depending on industrial needs for either production of edible films or for packaging purposes
    Keywords: Cold water fish gelatin film, Sorption isotherm, Mechanical properties, Water solubility
  • Soheil Sobhan Ardakani, Seyed Milad Jafari Page 47
    Determination of metal levels in muscle, liver and gill of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) species caught from Shirinsu Wetland was done using ICP-OES. The mean level of Cu, Pb and Zn in muscle, liver and gill of fish were 0.01±0.002, 0.015±0.003, 0.007±0.001; 0.13±0.005, 0.006±0.001, 0.62±0.11 and 0.26±0.008, 0.009±0.002, 0.53±0.10 μg g−1, respectively. Metal levels in muscle were generally lower than those in liver and gill. Metal concentrations in the edible parts of fish were assessed for human uses according to maximum permissible level. The estimated values of all metals in muscle, liver and gill of fish species in this study were below the permissible levels. Therefore, it can be concluded that these metals in edible parts of the examined species should not pose health problems for consumers.
    Keywords: Metals, Cyprinus carpio, Permissiblelevel, Shirinsu, Wetland
  • Ghasem Hosein Talaei, Shocofeh Gholami, Zeynab Kobra Pishva, Majid Amini Dehaghi Page 55
    Considering the importance of medicinal plants growth and biological application of fertilizers with sustainable agricultural production in order to eliminate or reduce chemical input to achieve desirable and sustainable quality, an experimental research was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with two factors of chemical nitrogen (46% urea nitrogen) at two levels (Zero, 25 and 50 kg/ha-1), biological nitrogen (Azotobacter) with trade name Nitroxin at 2 levels inoculated and non-inoculated in 2011. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of biological fertilizers (Azotobacter) Nitroxin of chemical (urea 46%) nitrogen in different treatments on plant height, umbel number per plant, grain number per umbel, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index (HI) and essential oil yield were significant at P≤0.01. The results showed that the greatest plant highest (28.18 cm), biological yield (201.187 g.m2), grain yield (75.600 g.m2) and essential oil yield (2.115 g.m2) were obtained by a treatment of Nitroxin + chemical nitrogen (25 kg/ha-1). In general, the results of the present study revealed that the application of biological fertilizers plays a remarkable role in improving yield quality and quantity in Cumin and can be viewed as a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizers.
    Keywords: Cumin, Essential oil, Medicinal plant, Yield
  • Mahmood Naseri, Zahedeh Rahmanikhah, Vahid Beiygloo, Somayeh Ranjbar Page 65
    Dietary intake is the most important route of exposure to heavy metals for most people. Rice is a staple food for Iranians that, if polluted, threatens public health. Cooking process may affect heavy metals content of rice. In this study, concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) were measured in 3 brands of imported rice available in Shiraz-Iran market. Two methods of cooking (Kateh and Pilaw) were applied for all brands. The heavy metals were detected in raw and cooked rice grains. The samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni and Co were 0.33, 1.75, 0.38, 0.89 and 0.20 µg/g in raw rice samples respectively, 0.10, 1, 0.29, 0.19, and 0.03 µg/g in Kateh rice samples and 0.10, 0.98, 0.28, 0.18 and 0.03 µg/g in Pilaw rice samples. Cooking rice grains reduced the content of heavy metals. Minimum cooking efficiency was for Cr. The effect of cooking methods was not significantly different in this study. The obtained concentrations were compared with the permitted values, published by Institute of Standards of Iran, for heavy metal contents in rice. Moreover, weekly intakes of the metals through rice were estimated and compared with the PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake) amounts determined by FAO/WHO.
    Keywords: Heavy metals, Rice, Cooking methods, Weekly intake, Shiraz, Iran