نشریه آموزش پزشکی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پاییز و زمستان 1392)

Attention to the requirements of talented students and considering their problems is important because we observe that high percent of talented students leave for different reasons and naturally, our country can be faced with material and spiritual losses. Hence, the universities must make an appropriate condition to provide opportunities for intelligents, growing and progress. This research is planned to get this purpose. This was a quantitative and descriptive study. Our sampling method was census, Medical and Dental talented students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were entered to the study. The method of data gathering was via an interview and a question sheet with high validity including demographic characteristics of students and also considering points of view and expectations of students in different aspects of education, research, welfare and extracurricular domains. Finally, some appropriate ways for solving their problems were suggested and analyzed according to the viewpoints of students. 17.7% of students agree that the facilities regulations of talented students are clear and without any defects, and 39% disagreed. About the implementation of the current related regulations, 43.1% disagree and 11% are in favor of implementing regulations by the university. The majority of students believe that the approved regulations do not apply.54.1% also believe that the experts and supervisors do not have enough information about related regulations. 57.2% believe that it is necessary to change some options of the current regulation. Assessment of the problems in the students of different entrance years, showed a large difference between the average of educational, research and welfare problems in the students of the year 2010 in comparison with the other years. According to the results of this research, educational problems for medical and dental students are more than their welfare and research problems. Also students, expectations to have a convenient welfare condition are more than educational expectations, so an appropriate programming and reforming the methods of official management for these problems is offered, in this way, we can reduce the level of problems.

The traditional methods of teaching that are currently running do not alone meet the rapid growth of information and knowledge and the changing needs of societies. Knowing different methods of teaching and use of learning aids, will help teachers and students to heighten the steps toward making a difference in education. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an educational multimedia in teaching process. This study was performed on 30 dental students of the 6th semester of Babol dental school on the academic year of 2012-13. Students were divided into two equal groups and matched. Two groups were taught based on the traditional training method and the multimedia presentation. Their awareness was analyzed with the paired-T-test and the Independent-T-test according to the pre- test and the post-test scores. The mean scores of before and after the lecture in the lecture groups, were respectively (5/06 ± 1/9) and (9/93 ± 1/7), and the second group mean scores before and after viewing the educational multimedia, were (4/13 ± 1/4) and (10/33 ± 1/2), respectively. Paired-T-test showed that the mean of before and after scores for each experimental group significantly increased (P<0/05. To compare the two groups, the Independent-T-test was used. The results of this test showed that the difference between the two groups before and after the study was not significant in any of the groups (p>0/05). We can conclude that an educational multimedia of the tooth restoration can be used successfully to increase the knowledge of dental students.

Educational centers are always facing to basic changes in all levels. Students, as the new workforce making their society’s future, can provide valuable opinions about educational programs and their effects on the learning process, which will be very important for educational centers. This study aimed to investigate the viewpoint of medical students during their internship program regarding to the clinical application of basic sciences courses at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2010. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 108 clinical medical students were randomly selected. Data were collected through a questionnaire and basic sciences courses were classified into three groups with low, average and high applications. The extracted data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Out of 108 clinical medical students who completed the questionnaires, 62 (57.4%) of them were aged 26-40 and 46 (42.6%) were aged 23-25 years. 48 (44.4%) of them were female and 60 (55.6%) were male. The course of pathology acquired high application score, anatomy of limbs and trunk, head and neck anatomy, neuro-anatomy, physiology, specialized English, immunology and parasitology obtained average application score, health, entomology, medical physics, embryology, mycology, epidemiology, genetics, bacteriology, psychology, histology, virology, biochemistry and nutrition obtained the low application score. The findings of the present study indicated a relative isolation and lack of coordination between basic sciences courses and clinical periods. This can be used to create changes in future educational programs with regard to the needs of the physicians.

Critical thinking skill is one of the important goals of nursing education and its promotion is considered as one of the expected outcomes of university studies. Regarding the importance of critical thinking upon improvement of nursing quality, this research was designed with the aim of evaluation of critical thinking abilities in nursing students. This descriptive analytical study was conducted on all nursing students of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery in Amol, affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. The samples were selected by census method of all students studying in the first semester of academic year 2011-12. The research instruments used in critical thinking skills test were Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (A) consisting 80 questions and 5 subscales: inference, recognition of assumptions, deduction, interpretation, and evaluation of arguments skills. After collecting the data, they were entered into computer and analyzed by the SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Mann Whitney Test, with significance level set at 0.05. The Mean score of critical thinking of nursing students’ was 44.38±5.60. From 5 evaluated subscales, the highest and lowest abilities of students were in recognition of assumptions (10.82±2.46)and deduction(5.97±2.1). Research findings show that nursing student's critical skills are weak despite the importance of critical thinking in nursing activities,therefore using special strategies to improve critical thinking skills is emphasized.

For an efficient bedside teaching, the need to investigation, planning and reflection exists. To evaluate the current situation of education system, this study aimed to determine the view of Babol dental students about the practical value of educational contents in oral medicine department. In this descriptve and analytical cross-sectional study, a valid and reliable questionnaire was designed. In the 1st part, demographic questions and in the 2nd part, questions about the practical value of theoretical oral medicine contents were asked. The students rated the value as low, moderate and high. The questionnaire was destributed among 101 dental students of 4th, 5th and 6th year. 90 students full-filled the questionnaires and entered the study. Based on the results of this study, there was no significant difference in the practical value of taught contents among men and women (P=0.596) and also students, method of entrance to dental school (P= 0.413). A significant correlation exists between the practical value of taught contents and their academic year (IV, V, VI)(p<0.05). Students mentioned the load of theoretical contents relativaly appropriate to cover clinical needs. 4th year students mentioned the practical values lower than the 5th and 6th year students. Also 5th and 6th year students evaluated the relation of theoretical contents and clinical needs as good which shows desirable correlation and two way communication of theretical and practical contents.

The purposes of this study were notification to the importance of mental health and hope in cancer patients with emphasis on need to religious and mental health promotion training courses. This descriptive - analytic cross- sectional study was performed on 100 cancer patients of Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Babolsar. The three questionnaires for assessment of religious commitment, mental health and hope, based on Likert scoring method, were used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version of 17. Mental health and hope status of radiation therapy patients were greater than chemotherapy patients. There are significant relationships between religious commitment, mental health, and hope. There are differences in mental health and hope status between male and female cancer patients. In this study female patients had worse status. According to the relationships between religious beliefs, mental health and also hope in these patients, it seems that they need to strengthen the religious beliefs as well as the improvement of mental health and hope and utilization of palliative care centers especially for women patients.

Effective learning of parasitology and mycology has been always a challenge for medical students. Attention toward students’ viewpoints can develop the education of this course. This study aimed to assess the viewpoints of medical students about the methods for improvement of education of medical parasitology and mycology's module. This cross-sectional study was carried out on medical students at Babol University of Medical Sciences in autumn 2010. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th year of medical students who passed the course, participated as easy and available allocation procedure and filled a self-constructed questionnaire. Questionnaire, s validity and reliability were confirmed with a Cronbach alpha 0.7 and expert’s opinions, respectively. Chi-square was used for data analysis. In overall, 91 participants filled the questionnaires (response rate = 76%); fifty seven (62.6%) were female and 34 (37.4%) were male. The mean age of participants was 21.66±38 years. Students believed that using of educational videos has the best effect on learning outcome. Development in the quality of training classes and dissociation of the module to separate sections should be the short-term and long-term solutions for improvement of the education; respectively. There was no significant relationship between sex, educational level of students and their viewpoints (p>0.05). Reconsideration of parasitology and mycology curriculums and new training methods such as application of educational videos and internet are offered.

Use of multimedia in biochemistry laboratory instead of traditional laboratory classes, which generally are based in lecture, may be useful. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of multimedia use (preparing lesson content, laboratory content, laboratory education software, application of power point and computer) in the training of biochemistry laboratory to the students. This descriptive study was performed on 190 first year students in the years 2010-2011.For the study, a questionnaire covering different aspects of method evaluation (preparing materials, doing experiments, preparing data and discussion on the data) was designed and distributed among medical, dentistry and paramedical students. The students participated in all levels of the experiment, from preparing the reagents to obtaining data, doing experiments, data collection and discussing on them. When their 4-month biochemistry course finished, an evaluation questionnaire was applied at the end of the course. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16.0 software using descriptive statistics. 186 students participated by returning filled out questionnaires (97.89%). When students were asked whether the multimedia was a useful method for the learning of laboratory processes in the course of biochemistry, 45.5% of them agreed. Among students 52.3% of them thought that the multimedia made relevant links between theoretical and practical aspects of biochemistry course. Different students had a high level of satisfaction about the application of multimedia in this course. The use of multimedia stimulates the students in the promotion of biochemistry learning. Students believed that the method was satisfactory in their needs about practical aspects of biochemistry laboratory activities. Quantitative and qualitative approach to the results revealed that application of multimedia besides of previous traditional methods may have more efficacy in the training of biochemistry.

According to rapid changes in needs of the societies, application of new educational methods is a necessity. The aim of this study was comparing the lecture and E-learning training methods on knowledge of nurses participating in continuing medical education (CME) programs. In this quasi experimental study, 40 nurses who participated in CME course, randomly were assigned to the lecture and E-learning groups. Questionnaire had two parts: 1- demographic variables 2- 20 multiple choice questions. Data were gathered at before and 2 weeks after the education. Data were analyzed by version 13 of SPSS software. Results showed that there were no significant differences in demographic variables and knowledge scores between two groups before education. There was no significant difference between two groups after the education in knowledge score (p=0.082(. Based on the results, there was a significant difference before and after the education in two groups in terms of their knowledge score. According to the results, E- learning and lecture have equal outputs in knowledge, therefore we suggest that electronic training methods should be performed more in continuing education courses.