نشریه پژوهش های مشاوره
پیاپی 43 (پاییز 1391)

The relationships between communication skills, personality characteristics and engagement in negative conflict resolution behaviors have been examined. Participants were 250 couples, one of whom was employed in Azad and Razi universities at Kermanshah. The sample was selected by systematic random sampling procedure. Relationship Evaluation Questionnaire (RELATE) was applied. The communication sub-skills included clear expressing and empathy. Personality characteristics were flexibility, kindness, calmness, self-worth, and happiness. Results indicated that all communication and personality variables are meaningfully correlated to engagement in negative conflict resolution behaviors. Also, distinct regression analysis for each independent variable showed that both communication skills components and three of the personality characteristics (happiness, calmness, and flexibility) can meaningfully predict negative conflict resolution behavior. At the end, the implications for counseling practice are suggested.

The purpose of the sutyd was to assess and make a model for direct and indirect effects of attachment styles through self-differentiation on marital satisfaction. The study population was married women living in Tehran. Method of research was correlation coefficient. The subjects of this study were 561 women in Tehran selected by randomcluster in 4, 7, 11, districts of the city. Variables of the study were measured by Attachment Styles Questioner (ASQ), revised Self-differentiation Inventory DSI-R, and Student Marital Satisfaction Inventory (S-MSI). The structural relations model was used for data analysis. The results showed a significant direct effect of attachment styles on marital satisfaction, and indirectinfluence through self-differentiation variable. Attachment styles were related to marital satisfaction through self-dfferentiation. That is, attachment styles and self-differentiation havejointly great impact on marital satisfaction.

Considering the importance of determinant and effecitve variables on marital satisfaction, this investigation was aimed to study the moderating role of attachment styles on the relationship of intimacy fear with marital satisfaction. The subjects (195 females and 103 males) were asked to amswer Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), Fear of Intimacy Scale (FIS), and Glombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State Questionnaire (GRIMS). Analysis of the data using both descriptive and inferential statistics included means, standarddeviations, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate regression analyses. The results showed that: 1) fear of intimacy had a significant negative correlation with marital satisfaction; 2) secure attahchment had a significant positive correlation with marital satisfaction and insecure attachment styles had significant negative correlations with marital satisfaction; 3) regression analysis indicated that secure and avoidant attachment styles had moderating roles on the relationship of fear of intimacy and marital satisfaction. It is concluded that the relationship between fear of intimacy and martial satisfaction is not a simple linear correlation. but it is influenced and moderated by attachment styles.

The purpose of present study was to validate the Love Attitude Scale (LAS) in regard to love styles in men and women participating in a family teaching course at Sanandaj schools. Research mythology wascorrelational (factor analysis of tendentious Obliminrotation). A total of 250 (women and men) were randomly selected from participants (426) of Family Teaching Course in Sanandaj schools. The Love Attitude Scale (LAS) and Criterion Questionnaires were answered by the participants. Collected Data was analyzed via factor analysis of tendentious Oblimin rotation and confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicated that six of the factors were confirmed. The Data were indicative of a satisfactory level for the reliability coefficients of Cronbach’s Alpha and Split-half (89% and 91%) of the Love Attitude Scale (LAS). The discriminating and convergent validity of the questionnaire was tested by measurement tools for positive and negative effects. Sternberg’ love triangular and intimacy inventory and the correlation results for the four criteria are sequentially as the following: -44%, 74%, and 64% all of which are significant at (P < 0.001). The T-test showed that there were significant differences between male and female for factors groups with respect to love styles. The results of the factor analysis confirm prior findins. Love Attitude Scale (LAS) can be used in research and family settings and in diagnosing the family love styles.

The present study reviews the impact of teaching the elements of reversed theory on job motivation and quality improvement of working life of employees, The sample population ofwascomposed of the employees ofAroum Sankokast Semirom. A call for sampling and simple random sampling was used. Of a total of 30 subjects, 15 were randomly placed in the experimental and 15 in the control groups. Then, both groups were pretosted by Walton test and DantJob Satisfaction criterion. The elements of the reversed theory were applied to the experimental group for ten 90-minute sessions. Control group received no treatment. A post-test was administered to both groups with respect to the quality of the working life and job motivation. The collected data were analyzed using co-variance method. The resultsof data analysis indicated that 1) teaching the elements of reversed theory has in impat on the job motivation of individuals (P < 0.001) and 2) teaching the elements of reversed theory has an impat on improvement of the quality of working life (P < 0.001).

The aim of this research was to compare quality of life, life satisfaction, sex role attitude and self-esteem among male and female studentith high and low body image at Azad Islamic University, Ahvaz Branch. The samplewas 240 male and female students randomlyselected. They were given the research instruments. Factorial variance analysis method and toki continual examination were done using spss software. The results indicated that there is significantdifference in Quality of life and its components (Physical health, mental health, relation health, social environmental health) as well as life satisfaction, sex-role attitude, and self-esteem of students with high and low body image. But there is no significant correlation between male and female subjectswith high and low body imagein Quality of life and its components, life satisfaction and self-esteem. Besides, there is a significant correlation between body image of the two sexes and the sex role.

The goal of this research was examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the decrease of self-focused attention and symptoms reduction in students with social anxiety disorder. A total of 30 students with social anxiety disorder were randomly selected andequally placed in control and experiential groups. Acceptance and commitment to therapy methods wereapplied to experiential group for one month. The subject sanswered the following questionnaires: Focuse of Attention Questionnaire (FAQ), and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). The data collected were analyzed using covariance analysis. The resuls showed that there were significant decrease in self-focused attention (P< 0.000), and symptoms reduction (P < 0.000) of the experiential group.

As long as the elderly population increases, there is more need to pay attention to the factors related to quality of their life. The main objective of present study was to invatigate the effectiveness of existential group therapy on elderly’s death anxiety. The research population was the elderly who walked-into the Iranian Alzheimer Association. A total of 18 elder people who where avialable and volunteerwere selected randomly. They were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Callet-Lester Death Anxiety Questionnaire was used for data collection. The experimental group participated in 12 group therapy sessions while the control group received no treatment. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that existential group therapy did not decrease the elderly dealth anxiety.

The purpose of this study is investigate the therapeutic effects of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on depression of children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Population of the research were male students of grade fiveelementary schoolsof Shiraz diagnosed as having ADHD by their teachers’ rating using CSI-4, as well as diagnostic interview. Then, a sample of 57 students randomly was selected from the population. The sample was assigned into 3 groups of equal sizes that were composed of 2 treatment groups, and one control group. Participants responded simultaneously to pretest and posttest of depression scale respectively. Their teachers responded to CSI-4 questionnaire. The results showed that 1) the general depression of the cognitive-behavioral group therapy with focus on children, and cognitive-behavioral group therapy with focus on motehr + children incomparison to the control group: 2) depression of the cognitive-behavioral group therapy with focus on mother + children wassignificantly decreasedin comparison to the two other groups of the school in the children with ADHD.