نشریه طب انتظامی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 7، زمستان 1392)

According to the uncertain effect of electromagnetic fields like BTS antenna and parasites noise، present study has been done with aim of investigating this effect using a systematic review study method. To collect articles related to this study، we used external databases such as ISI، Pubmed، Google Scholar، and internal data base like Iranmedex، SID and Magiran using combinations of key words. Among the 682 articles that found in the initial search 193 articles included in our study according to the inclusion criteria. Based on the results، 80%، 36%، 67% and 47% among 19، 85، 36 and 53 studies showed the adverse effects of electromagnetic waves on «testicular function-sperm and fertility» defects، «Leap physical / chemical and DNA Genotoxicity»، «gene and protein expression» alteration and «the nervous system cancer» respectively. The results of this study indicated that if specific absorption rate of BTS antenna and parasites noise are higher than standard، negative effects on fertility، gene expression and protein will be happened.

Maintenance of work ability and continuous effort to improve reduced work ability of employees is a major concern for managers particularly for those who are involved in healthcare settings. Present study was، therefore، conducted to explore the main sources of work stress at work and study their relation between work ability among nurses who work in military hospital. Methods and Materials: A total of 103 nurses aged 20-40 years from selected military hospitals were included in this cross sectional study. Work stress was tested by Occupational Stress Assessment Questionnaire (OSAQ) which has been created for healthcare workers and comprised seven groups of stressors. Work ability was assessed by the Work Ability Index (WAI) and the score was calculated from answers to its seven dimensions. Approximately 45. 6% and 17. 5% of the respondents reported good and excellent work ability respectively. The most perceived stressors were: Work overload، Professional life، Excessive paperwork and Time limits. Negative correlation observed between WAI and Poor work organization، Poor communication with superior، patients'' inadequate expectations، 24-h responsibility، Professional life، Time limits، Excessive paperwork، Threats of lawsuit، Conflicts with colleagues and patients and their family (p< 0. 05). Shift workers reported significantly higher level of stress than nurses with fixed work time (p=0. 039). Work stress can be correlated to WAI. We found nurses with lower WAI perceived some of occupational stressful factors more than nurses with higher WAI.

Back ground: Low back pain reduces the physical and social activities as well as the joy of life، and exercise is a widely prescribed treatment for chronic low back pain. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Combined exercises on pain، disability and endurance of trunk flexor-extensor muscles in patients with Non-specific chronic low back pain. In this quasi– experimental study، 30 employed women with non-specific chronic low back pain were selected through randomly assigned and accessible sampling. They were divided into one of two groups including the combined exercises and control groups. Treatment duration was 8 weeks for experimental group. Intensity pain and endurance of trunk muscles (both ordinal) were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scales (VAS)، Oswestry and ITOO test. After treatment، the mean pain and disability decreased in the experimental group (P<0. 001). Additionally، the measures of trunk flexor and extensor muscle endurance of combined group were higher (P<0. 001) than the control group، however we observed no significant change in the control group (P>0. 05). Based on the findings of this research، Combined exercises have positive effects on relieving pain، decreasing disability and increasing endurance of trunk. These results demonstrated that Combined exercises may have efficient outcomes for patients with chronic low back pain.

The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness of eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) and cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) on reducing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in War Veterans. The population of this investigation was formed by 400 veterans of holy war who referred to military health services. Study sample contained 200 veterans who randomly selected and asked to complete PCL questionnaire. From 80 respondents who achieved above minimum score from questioner، 40 persons were chosen randomly and categorized in two experimental and one control groups. Subjects in the experimental group received eight sessions of CBT training and 8 sessions of EMDR therapy. Post tests were taken from all participants after therapy sessions. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS version 16. Our finding indicated the significant difference between EMDR and CBT group in term of average PTSD. We have also found a significant difference in term of average PTSD between control group and CBT as well as EMDR groups. The results of present study indicated that Eye movement Desensitization Reprocessing method and Cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective in reducing post traumatic stress disorder. We have also found that EMDR is more effective than CBT.

Leadership is an integral part of management and it plays a major role in operations manager. Effectiveness and efficiency management in health care systems achieve only with a dynamic management and fluency in new methods of leadership. This study aimed to determine the leadership style and its relationship between demographic characteristics in military hospitals. This is a cross- sectional and descriptive study in 6 military hospitals selected with cluster sampling. Likert Leadership Styles questionnaire used for data collection. One way ANOVA، t- test، Pearson and Spearman correlations applied for data analysis in SPSS18. 60% of Managers have benevolent - authoritarian leadership style with average score of 257. 8 which is classified inbenevolent - authoritarian field. 53. 7% of employees believed that their managers have benevolent - authoritarian style with the average score of 239. 3. No Significant relationship was found between demographic characteristics of managers and their leadership styles. But there are significant relationships between perceived leadership style and staff age، gender and education. From managers and employee’s perspective، the common leadership style in military hospitals is benevolent - authoritarian and they have not believe on participatory manner yet.

Hemodialysis is one of the renal replacement therapies in patients with end stage of renal disease. Despite regular treatment for hemodialysis، the hemodialytic patients suffer from a series of symptoms collectively known as uremic syndrome، so that inadequate dialysis has been known as one of the important causes of mortality in these patients. The current study was conducted with the aim of specifying the effect of intradialytic physical and mental exercises on the quality of dialysis among these patients. The current study was a clinical trial that 66 dialytic patients were selected via purposeful sampling and assigned into two groups، namely the control and the experimental. The latter group went through planned intradialytic exercises by a senior expert in physical education twice a week for two months. The dialysis adequacy for both groups was measured using Kt/v formula before، one and two months after the intervention and then compared. Collected data were analyzed by means of SPSS 18 software. The mean of the dialysis adequacy before the intervention was measured to be 1. 22 ± 0. 27. Moreover، the mean of dialysis adequacy both before and after intervention in the experimental group was respectively 1. 12 ± 0. 17 and 1. 31 ± 0. 28 (P = 0. 001); it was 1. 32 ± 0. 31 and 1. 31 ± 0. 30 in the control group (P = 0. 45). The intradialytic physical and mental exercises are prescribed as supplementary therapies due to their taking away no extra-time from the patients، being cost efficient، easy، applicable، and flexible in increasing the dialysis adequacy and، therefore، improving the quality of life among the hemodialytic patients.

Back ground: Adhesion to extracellular matrix is a main necessity for invasion and malignancy in cancer cells. As a result، current treatment for patients with malignant tumors is inhibition of tumor cell movement and invasion. Among the herbal medicine، curcumin has long been considered by researchers. However، the lack of solubility of this compound in aqueous environments، has reduced its bioavailability. numerous carriers were suggested so far، however، any perfect formulation has not yet been found. In this study we used this medication mounted on a new and native carrier of nano particle to investigate its effects on the adhesion to the extracellular matrix and progression ability of SW480 cells. In present study، in order to produce nanocurcumin، net curcumin and native nanoparticle of O-400 generation were used for the production of nanocurcumin، for getting cellular viability and IC50 rate، was used MTT assay and for evaluating cellular adhesion measure was used adhesion assay. The results showed that nanocurcumin exerted an inhibitory effect with the little dosages (0-15 µM) on the cellular viability and adhesion rate of SW480 cells and the IC50 concentration was obtained in the range of about 15. 86، 11. 57 and 7. 64 µM at 24، 48 and 72 h post-treatment of nanocurcumin. As a result، the nanocurcumin combinational medicine that has been approved in previous studies and showed high efficacy to inhibit the growth of cancerous tumors، can be known as an acceptable treatment option and we can hope its cancer preventive agent in future.