مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 4 (تیر 1393)

Psychiatric disorders especially anxiety and depression often occur in cardiac patients as complication or associated disorders. This study was done to compare the effects of two methods of relaxation and interpersonal cognitive problem solving (ICPS) on decreasing anxiety and depression in cardiac rehabilitation patients.

This experimental study was conducted on 35 cardiac rehabilitation patients who referred to rehabilitation in the Imam Ali Hospital in the Kermanshah city in the Spring of 2010. Except for the two patients who did not qualify for the study, another 33 patients were randomly assigned into two experimental groups and one control group (n = 11 per group). Then, 8 sessions of relaxation or interpersonal cognitive problem solving (ICPS) training was administered to the experimental groups. Cattell Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were used as measurement instruments. The data were analyzed using covariance (MANCOVA), test box, and Wilks Lambda post hoc test, and SPPS16.

The results show there is a significant effectiveness of intervention methods on decreasing anxiety and depression in cardiac patients. The methods of intervention were not significantly different in reducing anxiety and depression.

Applying of psychotherapy can decrease anxiety and depression in cardiac rehabilitation patients and causes more curing corporation between them and members of curing staffs and promotion of their morals and their health promotion.

Post Craniotomy surgery headache is classified as moderate to severe pain. Objective of this study was comparison of Bupivacaine scalp infiltration and intravenous morphine on postoperative headache in patients undergoing craniotomy.

This study was a double blind clinical trial set up at Mashhad University of Medical Science. Sample size was 70 patients (block randomization) who underwent elective supra tentorial craniotomy and patients were divided into two groups of control and case (sub-dermal local infiltration of Bupivacaine %0.25 in incision area versus parenteral administration of morphine). Then we measured Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours after intervention.

According to VAS, at beginning of the study, moderate pain was observed more while severe pain was observed less in the case group (p=0.003); at 2 and 4 hours after intervention most patients in case group had mild pain versus moderate pain in control group (p=0.00). At 6 and 12 hour after intervention, mild and moderate pain were significantly more present in Bupivacaine group (p=0.009 and 0.003, respectively).

Sub-dermal local infiltration of Bupivacaine decrease post craniotomy severe headache in the first 12 hours after surgery.

The Borderline Personality Feature Scale for Children (BPFS-C) developed to assess borderline personality features in children aged 9 years and older. This scale was adopted from the borderline scale of PAI and assessed affective instability, identity problems, negative relationships, and self-harm dimensions. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of this scale on non-clinical sample of students.

This study was conducted on 400 students (200 females, 200 males) with the mean age of 15.78 who were selected via multi-stage random sampling. All participants were asked to complete BPFS-C and Borderline Personality Scale (STB). The validity of BPFS-C was determined using confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity, and criterion validity, and its reliability was assessed by correlation coefficients, Kronbach’s alpha and split half method.

The correlation between borderline BPFS-C and STB was significant at p>0.001 (r|=0.51). Kronbach’s alpha for whole scale was 0.84 and for the subscales including affective instability, identity problems, negative relationships and self-harm was 0.78, 0.77, 0.77, and 0.76 respectively. Furthermore, the results obtained from confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA=0.05) illustrate the fair fitness of four factor structure of BPFS-C.

The findings of the present study show that BPFS-C is reliable and valid in Iran.