فصلنامه آموزش در علوم انتظامی
پیاپی 2 (پاییز 1392)

Despite the complex and distressed conditions governing the centers of educational decision making and scholastic settings, the managers of education system face numerous challenges and changes in directing and leading the educational system of Iran. The imminent changes have a considerable influence on the schools and on the activities school principals. While it is expected that in the investigation and analysis of these challenges and changes, there should be a proper use of theory and the capability of university-scientific system in theorization, there is a complete dearth of that in practice. Nevertheless, comparative studies show that to overcome such a complex and distressed situation, effective educational leaders try to build a systematic and strategic mental model or framework, make use of the capabilities of the university-scientific system, completely understand the world in which they are placed and act, and aim at an effective improvement of the status quo. The present article tries to introduce some of the most important challenges and concerns in Iran’s educational management through a brief analysis of the current situation in the education management. Moreover, this study concentrates on an explanation of the existing theoretical gap through a theoretical approach and the requirements of the present world.

Learning, education and sociability are important discourses in sociology and in many other areas of social life. At any age, procedures and methods of education and learning somehow change. The main reason of such a change is the requirements of time and space, and definitely, the appearance and development of media in the new world. In the new age, known as the “Age of Information”, and communication technology and the age of change, new media such as Internet, through transcending space and time distances, not only make the world a presence scene for everybody, but also do change all different aspects of human life, especially education, and present it with a new meaning and concept in many dimensions. It can be suggested that in such a condition, training and education change at all dimensions and levels, and will continue to be so. Therefore, given the mentioned changes, the main purpose of the present paper is, first, to answer those challenges and opportunities appearing from within these conditions, and second, to explain the nature of police training and education with emphasis on the effects of modern media. Besides indicating the importance and status of modern media in the new culture, the authors of the present research try to introduce their role in education, learning and new sociability, especially in police, and talk about the methods and techniques, which can be used to maximize the efficiency of teaching and education in police with emphasis on the modern media. Perhaps the most axial finding of this study is that we as adults should learn to change our attitudes and behaviors, to review old thinking methods in the light of new changes so that we can come to understand what the youth say, act and want, and to prepare our minds for accepting new ideas generated by the young generation.

In an age of rapid changes in science and technology, the managers’ responsibility as the main authorities of productivity and guidance toward goals has increased, and they are required to have different skills and expertise. Indeed, variety in work activities and instability in the environmental conditions have led the organizations to hire managers with multiple skills. Therefore, identification and promotion of skills needed by managers (in accordance with job type and the conditions of organization), is one of the most important factors in the successful promotion of the managers’ skill level and education. The present research uses an applied approach to identify different dimensions of various skills required for educating managers, to analyze these skills (human, conceptual, technical and social skills), and eventually to extract from the research society the constituent components of these skills through experts’ views (in the form of Delphi method). Then, using factor analysis, it is tried to identify and prioritize the main constituent components of each dimension, based on the views of Etka chain store managers in Tehran. In fact, besides identification of skills needed by managers and their dimensions, this study tries to present a model of skills needed by the managers of Etka chain supermarkets with the goal of providing better education for them.

Human has always been testing ways to regulate his/her actions and behavior in accordance with the goals, needs, norms and expectations of his/her own and others’. Behavior regulation is considered an endeavor toward behavior improvement. In the viewpoint of Islam, behavior regulation includes self-purification, acting on the basis of moral musts, and the self’s evolutional route towards the High essence and the status of Divine vicinity. Managers and leaders (as organization leaders and authorities influencing others) have to consider behavior refinement more than other staff. Therefore, this study aims at identification of the effects and consequences of behavior refinement in managers and leaders with emphasis on the views in Quran and Sayings/Hadith. As to the research methodology and objectives, this study is an applied research, and regarding the study nature, it is considered library-based and documentary. Since, the best way to conceive and familiarize with the consequences of proper behavior is to refer to religious resources, as well as the researchers’ writings and thinkers’ works in this area, the present research, using library and documentary methods, tries to introduce an exact and clear picture of views on the behavior and morality of staff and mangers in organizations and to analyze it. The results of this study show the positive consequences of behavior refinement in individual and organizational dimensions. Proper use of morality power in management and a management based on moral principles are considered as individual dimensions resulted from behavior refinement. Domination of spirituality at work and organization, domination of morality at organization, and the remove of conflict are among the positive consequences of behavior refinement at organizational dimension. The research results indicate that people, who are assigned key responsibilities of an organization, should enjoy positive moral attributes. Moreover, behavior refinement programs should be consistently administered to both managers and staff.

The present research aims at studying the effect of creativity training program on the creativity of the students of the Military Sciences University in 2011-2012. To this end, using random sampling, 487 students were selected from among the university students to be investigated on the degree of creativity. They were administered the Torrent creativity questionnaire as a creativity assessment tool. Then, to determine the effect of training intervention, the experimental (n=26) and control (n=26) groups were randomly selected from the sample of 487 students. Then the participants who had generally lower scores on the creativity questionnaires, were matched regarding total creativity score, mean, standard deviation, age, educational degree, and category, and the experimental group was administered the training program (usage). The research results showed that the training program had a significant influence on the increase of creativity in the experimental group. Moreover, it was found out that the total creativity score for the control group, which was not under the influence of training program, did not change in the post-test as compared to the pre-test. In this study, it was found that statistically, there is not a significant relationship between the variables of parents’ educational level, parents’ occupation, educational certificate, educational degree, and service categories and creativity levels. Finally, it was determined that there is a significant relationship between educational progress and creativity in the students of the Military Sciences University.

Usage of knowledge management system in organization is a collective, networking and organizational movement in which all people at different positions should be involved. The main purpose of this research is to explain the role of social asset in the use of knowledge management in the Medical Sciences University of AJA through structural equation modelling. The present research aims at conducting an applied study through the descriptive-survey correlation data collection method. The research society includes all faculty members of the medical Sciences University of AJA. Because of some limitations in the society, the all population was used. The research instruments are two standard questionnaires of social asset and establishment of knowledge management system. The Cronbach’s alpha of these questionnaires was calculated to be 0.86 and 0.83, respectively. The data collection was performed through descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests; Friedman route analysis and investigation of causal relations between the variables were carried out by structural equation model. The descriptive findings of this research show that the current status of social asset and knowledge management system in the Medical Sciences University of AJA is rather unfavorable. Moreover, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between social asset and the organizational dimensions of knowledge management system usage (except for the dimension of organizational structure). The results of route analysis showed that the communicative dimension of social asset explains the most changes in the dimensions of knowledge management usage (dependent variable), and after that, cognitive and structural dimensions, respectively, are responsible for changes in the dependent variable. Finally, the results of structural equations’ modeling revealed that the model enjoys a proper and acceptable fit. According to these findings and given the importance of social asset as an important organizational asset, there is the expectation that reinforcement of this important element be provided for.