فصلنامه زیبایی شناسی ادبی
سال چهارم شماره 16 (تابستان 1392)

The séance of figures of speech in Persian literature is summarized in four items: simile, metaphor, metonymy and allusion. Allusion having its root in colloguial form of language is one basic element of the poet’s imageries to express his thought and attitudes. This literary tool wichis used for imply capture and clanfication of the concepts enhances the influencing power of a subject. Persian metonymies on the basis of the types of connection are classified into:close metonymy, allusion, Secret, adjective and noun, and verb (infinitve).Allame Dehkhoda as aprominent poet of constitutional era through metonymy has given an interesting taste to his poetical collection. This feature has enhanced his collection. This article tries to study this point here of from the perspective of its varied literary subjects and structure.

One of the potentialities where by a poet can enhance the imagination fuction in a poem is metonymy. The wise Nezami of Qanje, a prominent Story teller of the 6 the centuty has used metonymy a lot in his work. This feature has enriched his poems in this respect. The poet has given a lot of Semantic load to the words through the use of different allusions. This article classifies the metonymy into four major categories Some of the Nazami’s metonymires are also common in the other poet’s poem and some are his own initiatives. He found them a good substitutes for taboos.

Astronomy knowledge is the oldest science, metaphysics dating back three thousand years BC, And always the questions of the human mind - which is constantly searching to be aware of the influence of the stars and constellations of his own fortune. The focus is on the literature of different nations and their impact can be clearly seen because literary men have tried to add to their speech impression with the use of sciences. Among them is Hakim Nezami Ganjavi. He has been profited from different sciences in particular astronomy in his literary works and some of the astrology beliefs are clear in seven bodies (Haft Peykar). This effect is attributed to the seven planets on each day of the week that has its own color and metal.This article has showed astrology view points and beliefs and symbolic application and artistic aspect of the Venus planet in seventh bodies of Haft peykar and has considered the reflection of the specialties of this planet in Nezami's poetic images and expression style. some characteristics and traits like beauty, singing and playing, flirt, friendship and luckily. According to the studies of the planets, the moon and Jupiter have the highest percentage of repetition in Seven Figures; because the moon is the Earth's function and Venus orbit is between the Earth and Mercury, the greater lucky star, Jupiter is linked with the lesser lucky star, Venus.

Previously, a literary work was criticized on the basis ot the author and sou’al. artistic or even political factors and it was marlced by the critics. How ever, Today every work is criticized structurally and Semantically. Structura lists considers a text form the perspective of its constituents and the interaction there of as a whole without paying attention to the writer. A text without its constituents and constituents without a taxtis meaningless. Structuralism is a new science whose off spring is naratology Grammar and haratology helpto discover the system and the hidden rules leading tho the understanding of a text. His work is under the influence of European formalists like Vladimir prop, claude Levi Strauss, Todorov and Barthes. To dorove used the term naratology for the first time to study astory, a novel, a film, a play and a deream. He was under the influence of Russian Formalists like Shklv fsky. This article first explains his theory and then analyses the poem of Leili and majnoon on the basis of his theory. Todorov believes that every narration consists of three aspects: syntactic, discoursal and semantic. Which analyses these three aspects in Leili and majnoon.

A witer or a poem who is highly giftedand competent uses aesthetic tools and figures of speech in such a way that give his or her worksa special colour without any deviation from the main concept or meaning. A poet, apart from his poctical creativity and taste, who is famous in aesthetics and literary shillfulness is mirza Gasem, the son of mirza mohsen of Tabriz, famous for his piety and oratorship. He lived in the 11 the century after Hijra in Isfahan His manuscripts include lyrics, odes. guatrains. Safinatul najat and monsheat. He is a twelve, showing his dedication to the fourteeh in fallible, specially to Alicp (P.O.U.H).His odes, lyrics and prose indicate his litrary taste, the present writer tries to study a small portion of his artistic and aesthetic works here in.

The Symmentrical Structure in art is a aestetic insight that appears in artistic works. According to this insight, the beauty is resulting of the appropriateness, symmentry and similarity which give pleasurable integeration and coherence to the dispersed parts of the work.In this article, the author has tried to search this aestetic insight in Nezāmi's Khosrow And Shirin and he also want to show that in Nezāmi's opinion or unkhown storytellers, symmentical structure have been one of the important manifestation of the beauty.

“Ashoraei poem is dynamic course with lofty movement which from beginning' with religious literature' jeremiad forming and continuance of regimens and the most important of all Islamic “Sufism” and “theosophy” has found a very especial propinquity and blend until”theosophy” “Ashoraei” epopee such as “Atashkadeh Nayyer Tabrizi” “zobdeh Alasrar” from “Alishah Esfahani” “Ganjineh Alasrar” from “Omman Samani” and … are appeared and as masterpieces of religious literature are presented. These poets ode (poem) such as:”Meirza mohammad Ali hogatalaslam “with a” Theosophy approach “which is the sole of persian literature started to explain “Ashora “event (incident) which itself is a sea of religious knowledge of “Shiite” that covered it wholly and explained it fully. Explanation and analyzation of these works and more than it for making clear hidden point in poet's mind which is the superior jurisconsult and experienced bookman and also tracing of secret and code of portrait of his “Atashkadeh” popee. In order to make perfect to training unique theosophy in religious poem in Persian language identity of Iranian national and “Ashoraein “culture looks very important. The most basic aim of this research is scrutiny and study of portraits، nattiness of “Ashoraein “Poem in work of “Nayyer Tabrizi” in “Atashkadeh، coupletIn this research the march of “Ashoraein” poem in “AZARBAYJAN” and theosophy reading “Ashora” and also information about effective element on her mind and the effective reason of epopee and making clear or analyzes of information according to nalyze of contains is tried to be considered.