مجله مطالعات مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 23 (خرداد و تیر 1393)

Relationships are among the most important and powerful aspects of sports marketing. In other that, one of the most important approaches in relationship marketing is relational benefits that indicate success or fault in relationship marketing implementation. Thus the present article has studied effect of relational benefits includes confidence, social, special treatment and respect benefits on customer loyalty. Also this paper presents a framework for understanding how and why consumers engage in relationship marketing. This study is a descriptive study was conducted through a survey and its population of research was made up of whole customers of bodybuilding centers in Rasht city (N=210). The data gathering instrument was questionnaire and its validity was investigated via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The result of exploratory factor analyze indicate relational benefit include confidence, social and special treatment benefit. Indeed in this present study underpinning of relational benefit are three, confidences, social and special treatment benefit. Furthermore, result indicates that relational benefit (confidence, social and special treatment benefit) had significant and positive effect on customer loyalty.

One of the main concerns of the strategists and top managers of organizations is effective implementation of formulated strategies. According to Byger`s (2001) statements 90 percent of strategies do not implemented timely. Iran sport system also has the same status. a number of strategic plan at the sport level in country formulated in recent decade, but The studies of current status suggest the lack of complete implementation, achievement their goals and expected results. these research used a qualitative study and Grounded Theory to identify barriers to effective implementation strategies in iran sport system. To this and, this research performed of qualitative interviews with experts (n = 28), after study of literature and the subject background. qualitative interviews findings as open coding, axial and selective text were analyzed. The results identified 24 major barriers to the implementation strategies of the sport in Iran. The titles of these barriers in the form of four components: Infrastructural barriers (6obstacles), The barriers of strategies formulation stage (6 obstacles). The barriers of strategies transition stage (5 obstacles) The barriers of strategies implementation stage (7 obstacles) were classified. clearly, in order to optimize the implementation of strategic programs in Iran at first, these barriers must be eliminated. So that identified barriers in this research can be useful for top manager and strategists of iran`s sport system before, during and after the formulation of strategic plans.

Leadership effectiveness is a factor of successful in any organizations. Hence, it is important to identification of factors that can be related to this factor. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness of sport managers. The Statistical popularly was all managers of Sport and Young's Ministry, National Olympic committee, National Paralympics committee, National Olympic Academy, and Sport Federations (N=331). Base on Morgan table, 180 people were selected to this research. Research madeLeadership effectiveness questionnaire, based on Parsons Model, and SiberyaShring (1998) emotional intelligence questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by the multivariate regression. The results of present study showed that there was significant relationship between self- motivation and empathy with leadership effectiveness (p<0/05). Generally, this study showed that emotional intelligence is important factor in leadership effectiveness of sport managers.It seems that, control of emotional attends and understanding of feelings and emotions of other peoples in work place by sport managers can attend as an effective factor to leadership effectiveness.

The present study by describing the attraction sites in sport tourism of Esfarayan a City in northern Khorasan Province tries to investigate the constraints in leading traditional wrestling (choke) spectators toward tourism attractions of the city. For this purpose a statistical sample of 70 experts of sport management and tourism industry responded to a researcher’s made questionnaire with an overall Cranach’s alpha of 0.89. Statistical analyses were conducted by using confirmatory factor analysis. The result of the study revealed. Organizational constraint was the first constraint with 0.81 Significal factor. lack of allocating appropriate financial support with & 0.78 significant factor was the second confront and lack of support by authorities of sport tourism was the third constraint with 0.75 significant factor and lack of specializes human resource with 0.73 significant factor was the fourth and lack of a Unfiled center decision making was the fifth significant factor with 0.70 significant factor. Was the fifth significant factor with 0.70 significant factors.

This study was conducted to explore and compare official websites of professional soccer clubs of Europe, Asia and Iran in regard of providing media contents for fans and using online marketing strategies. For this purpose, official websites of all existing clubs of UEFA Champions League (16 teams), AFC Champions League (16 teams), and Iran's Premier League was carefully observed by using a researcher-made questionnaire which it's validity was approved by experts and faculty members in sport management area. The results showed that Iranian clubs websites had lowest media contents (4.74 out of 20) and lowest using of online marketing strategies (1.19 out of 20). According to our results, there were not significant relationship between providing media contents and using online marketing strategies with ranking of the team. There was a significant relationship between providing media contents and using online marketing strategies among European soccer clubs (P<0.035). In other words, providing media contents through club website was a prelude to marketing merchandises and services of club and obtaining financial benefits.

The gold of study is investigating use rate faculty member of information technology in education and research process physical education field with regard demography factors. Statistical sample constituted from 83 members of scientific board in faculties of physical education and sport sciences who are teaching in complementary levels of education. Research’s tool was a questionnaire made by researcher. Reliability amount of the questionnaire was confirmed by specialists in information and communication technology, members of scientific boards and Construct validity of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r= 0/738) reported amount of validity of the questionnaire was calculated 0.88 based on α Cranachs. The results showed that there are correlation between information technology ratio use faculty member with record of service (r= - 0/59, p<0/01), science grad (r= -0/395, p<0/05) and research act (r= 0/279, p<0/05). The result show that the use of information technology research and training activities in the different trends in physical education and sport science disciplines there are significant differences.

The purpose of this study was to present a model for Relationship organizational justice and organizational commitment on job involvement in the Ministry of Sport and Youth. According to the Morgan’s sample size table, 140 persons were selected randomly. Demographic information questionnaire, Organizational justice questionnaire Niehoff & Moorman (1993), organizational commitment questionnaire Allen & Meyer (1990), and and job involvement questionnaire Kanungo (1982) were used to collective data. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational justice, organizational commitment and job involvement. The result of structural equations model (SEM) showed that organizational justice and organizational commitment determine 0.81 variance of job involvement, and the organizational commitment has more effect than organizational justice on job involvement.

Sport and economy are governmental in Iran. This issue had many problems with them.One of the methods for exit of this situation is attention to marketing. Sport marketing is one of challenging issues in today’s sports clubs. Sport marketing is not fully known true for the sport communities in Iran. Purpose of this article was study of web based marketing in six clubs: Sepahan, Esteghlal, Zobe Ahan, Perspolis, Saba Batry and Traktor Sazi. Then, the findings were compared with six clubs from England and six clubs from Greece. The research method was descriptive and research instrument was marketing web browsing kriemadis’s (2010) cheek list. The research findings showed that of 42 points related with information factor, British clubs earned 41 points; Greek clubs received 35 points and finally Iranian clubs gained 20 points. However, although the Iranian clubs have been partly considering to information factor but in all of the sales, promotion, communication and data collection features were weaker than England and Greece clubs. So, whit the growing web position in contemporary marketing, Iranian clubs require to wide and fundamental revision in their websites.

The aim of this study is determining the relationship between tourist's constraints and their satisfaction in Tehran's ski resorts. The study was a descriptive study and correlation kind, and conducted as a field study. The statistical population was all tourists of Tehran's ski resorts, including: Tochal, Dizin, Shemshak and Abali. According to estimates from the managers of ski resorts, the statistical population approximately was considered ten thousand. 370 people selected as sample by using Morgan table. A total of 400 questionnaires was distributed and 362 acceptable questionnaires was returned. To gather information, Questionnaire of Wei-Ku Yeh (2008) was used. For data analysis, we used descriptive statistics to determine the frequencies, percentages and mean and standard deviations. Inferential statistics including confirmatory factor analysis, One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, Pearson correlation and multiple regressions was used simultaneously. Survey findings showed that there is a negative significant relationship between tourist's constraints and satisfaction(r=0.31, P= 0.001). From Dimensions of tourist constraints, the intrapersonal constraints were stronger predictor for tourist's satisfaction.

The purpose of this research was study relationship organizational learning whit psychological empowerment among staff of sport and youth head office of Tehran province. Statistical population of this research was all of the staff (N=182) that 105 staff selected as statistical sample With use from Morgan table. Used instrument in this research was two standard questionnaires include of neefe organizational learning questionnaire (2001) and Spritzer psychological empowerment questionnaire (1995) whit likert 7 value scale (complete disagree=1 to complete agree=7). in pilot study on 30 cases from staff of sport and youth head office of Tehran province, reliability of organizational learning and psychological empowerment questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, was 0/91 and 0/87 respectively. In order to evaluate and compare the descriptive data used from descriptive statistics and for analysis of inferential data used from Kolmogorov-smirnov, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression tests in software SPSS And significant level p≤0/05. Finding showed that between organizational learning and psychological empowerment there positive and significantly relationship (r=0/407). Also, correlation coefficient between organizational learning whit autonomy, impact and confidence is positive and significantly that most correlation coefficient whit autonomy (r=0/477). Moreover, there not positive and significantly between organizational learning whit subscales of competence and meaning. in the end, being offer that sport organizations include of sport and youth head office of Tehran province for training empower, innovator, dynamic and useful staff Regard to organizational learning.

The purpose of the present study was to identify the performance evaluation and criteria of Iranian sport federation from expert view points. This is a descriptive- Analytical study. The statistical populate included all managers and specialists of the federations. In order to find the value of every considered criteria, the AHP model has been used. All the performed stages of the AHP technique were carried out by the expert choice software. In the initial stage, the primary questionnaire was administered by reviewing the literaure, and interviewing experts.in the next stage the questionnaire was given to experts. Then after collecting opinions and observing considerations the final questionnaire was administered with 4 criteria and 43 sub divisions. In the third stage, in order to find the performance of the criteria and their subdivisions and their values, the questionnaires were administered to 60 experts. Result show that among the four general criteria for evaluating the performance of the Iranian Federation and program support and planning, development of sports infrastructure, technical issues and develop sports and physical resources and equipment are located respectively in the first and fourth priorities.

The purpose of this study The skill & use rang by physical education teachers of information technology. This Descriptive study is applicable and pay attention to today situation and use some humanistic calculation. The statistics include all male and female physical education teachers and the right to a formal treaty was Semnan province. The sample consisted of 212 physical education teachers who have responded to the questionnaire. Measurement tools, hardware Kalate 2010 questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha 79%). Statistical methods used included two independent T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient was Smirnov Kalmvgraf and Pearson cooperation Coefficient. The research findings showed that physical education teacher's attitudes towards IT were positive And skills, the use of tools and information needed to their education about using of information technology, there is a significant relationship. And also between subject's attitudes about the use of IT around research and education field and their require about training, on both sexes (female & male) there is no significant difference. Between skill level and use of information technology in teaching and research separately, there is significant difference in educational level.