فصلنامه جامعه پژوهی فرهنگی
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پاییز 1392)

Possibility of free movement of individual and groups from one social status to another which is called social mobility and the possibility of movement of functionaries in the public sector from one status to a higher one which is called occupational mobility usually is faced with some obstacles and difficulties. One of main social and occupational mobility obstacle, which has had consequential effects on the inefficiency of the bureaucracy of the public sector and so on the social development as a whole, has been powerful groups presence in the organizations. These groups usually have rigid structure and are formed around well defined group interests and are penetrated in the sociopolitical structure of the organizations. The present article uncovers the roots of this phenomenon and helps to understand the functions of this group, which can be called caste-like group, and see its destructive negative impacts on the efficiency of governmental organizations.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between parents’ capital (cultural, social, or financial) and tendency to gender discrimination. Gender discrimination and types of capital are very important key concepts in sociology. Among contemporary thinkers Bourdieu has very interested in this issue; he believes that capital allows a person to supervise his fate and others. Parents have a significant impact on their children, so their capital could be examined as one of the variables influencing parent’s attitudes toward gender discrimination. Besides Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, feminist theories have been used in this study as Theoretical framework. The data was collected by questionnaire from 385 parents who lived in Javanrood city in 2011. The result of the study was indicated that relation between parents’ capital and their tendency to gender discrimination was significant. The analytical result was demonstrated that total capital (cultural, social, and financial) explain the 24.2 variance of independent variables. The results indicate that the cultural capital plays more important role than the other variables.

In recent times, Identity has become one of the most important issues in various fields of culture and people life. Modern processes have created the new problems in youth identification. In the modern era, Leisure has becomes an aesthetic matter through which people may get different identity. The aim of this research is to study effects of Leisure fare on the development of national identity through the theoretical framework of Giddens's theory. The population is all of young people 15 to 29 years old in Tehran city, sampling method is cluster, sample size is 407, and questionnaire is data collection tool. Results showed that changes in leisure patterns of youth had a profound influence on the process of their identification. This created opportunities and however, threats for development of youth reflexive identification. Some kinds of leisure have created many ethical challenges because of their non-correspondence to formal frameworks, and they are a threat for youth identification.

This article deals with the main cultural and ideological factors have affected Iran’s transnational interactions during last century. I emphasize nationalism and Islamism as two key independent variables. Three faces of nationalism have been emerged in Iran since the Constitutional Revolution at the outset of the 20th century: the Persian nationalism in the Pahlavi rule, the liberal nationalism during Mosaddeq’s movement, and the religious nationalism after Islamic Revolution. Each of them has influenced Iran’s Foreign policy in a special way. While nationalism was a dominant ideological discourse in Iran’s foreign policy before 1979 Islamic Revolution, the Islamic idealism became the leading discourse in the post- Islamic revolution era. Therefore, Islamic Republic of Iran has always opposed the unjust international order and has challenged interventionist foreign policy of major powers of the world.

From among the three perspectives to TV study, namely the audience, the content and the production system perspective, this paper deals with the third and through examining the production of religious television programs attempts to explain the related policies and approaches as part of the production system. This study has been conducted in ‘the political economy of the media’ theoretical framework which considers important concepts like ‘ownership’, ‘political economy’ and ‘hegemony’, effective in TV programs production. In order to achieve this objective, on the one hand this study has been performed by a qualitative method in which the IRIB documents are examined, and on the other hand the people involved in producing religious TV programs at different levels are deeply interviewed, so that a Comprehensive landscape could be subsequently achieved in this regard. This study led us to this conclusion that the religious TV programs in Iran follow at least four major approaches: occasion-based approach, emphasis on religious sentiments; functional view of religion; and support the Theocracy (religious government/sovereignty). The reason behind these approaches is the intended hegemony establishment, which will form customary processes in television religious programs.