فهرست مطالب
Avicenna Journal of Dental Research
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Dec 2013
- تاریخ انتشار: 1393/01/26
- تعداد عناوین: 8
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Page 1IntroductionNarrow alveolar ridges especially in posterior mandibular remains a serious challenge for successful placement of endosseous implants..Case PresentationThis case report addresses surgical procedures for widening the atrophic ridge by means of splitting the crest of an edentulous ridge as thin as 2.5 mm and gradual expansion in the posterior mandibular ridge, then simultaneous placement of dental implants within the split ridge. A significant increase was achieved in the bone dimension, which enabled the placement of endosseous dental implants successfully..DiscussionThis segmental ridge-split procedure with gradual bone expansion provides a quicker method wherein an atrophic ridge can be predictably expanded and eliminating the need for a second surgical site. This technique also shows that immediate implantation in split ridge of mandible can be performed..Keywords: Dental Implants, Alveolar Bone Loss, Osteotomy
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Page 2BackgroundClinicians and policymakers are recognizing the importance of measuring health-related quality of life (HRQL) to inform patient management and policy decisions..ObjectivesWith regard to relation between cultural differences and quality of life (QoL), in this study the QoL of Iranian patients with conventional complete denture and implant-retained overdenture prosthesis according to the increasing penchant of use of implant-retained overdenture prosthesis and lack of studies in this field in our country, has been compared..Patients andMethodsIn this cross-sectional study, cluster sampling was conducted in two stages and 90 edentulous patients (45 patients with conventional complete dentures for two jaws (CD group) and 45 patients with a conventional maxillary complete dentures and implant-retained mandibular denture based on two intercanine implants (IOD group)) with the age of above 35 years were selected according to our inclusion criteria. After obtaining permission from the patients, who had been treated at the selected healthcare and medical treatment centers of Tehran, basic information was obtained by a checklist, including gender, age, educational status and housing status; and QoL was measured by a questionnaire of oral health impact profile (OHIP-20)..ResultsIn the group of IOD, 55.6% of the patients had “good” QoL vs. 46.7% of the patients in CD group. Three patients (6.6%) in both groups had “poor” QoL. No significant relationship was observed between demographic factors and different dimensions of QoL, except the average of “psychological disability” in the patients of CD group, which was higher in women..ConclusionsAccording to this study results, implant-retained overdenture prosthesis provided better QoL for Iranian patients..Keywords: Quality of Life, Health, Dental Implant, Overdenture Prosthesis, Complete Denture
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Page 3BackgroundMedication is one of the supplementary steps in dental treatment. Dentists prescribe medicine in order to avoid post-surgery complications. To the best knowledge of the researchers, no thorough study has been carried out to review the prescribed drugs in Fars province, Iran..ObjectivesThe current study aimed to determine the current status of the issue and compare it with global standards..Materials And MethodsIn this cross sectional study, 1120528 prescriptions prescribed by the dentists of Fars province from 2006 to 2011 were reviewed in terms of the number of items, the types of drugs and the most commonly prescribed drugs..ResultsThe average number of drugs in every prescription in Fars province, Iran was 2.26 ± 0.56. About 82% of the prescriptions included at least one antibiotic and 21% included at least one corticosteroid. Amoxicillin (23.71%), metronidazole (10.6%) and ibuprofen (7.5%) were the most common prescribed drugs..ConclusionsCompared to the developed countries, dentists of Fars acted properly regarding the average number of drugs found in every prescription. But in prescribing antibiotics, corticosteroids and injections they need further education..Keywords: Dentists, Prescriptions, Antibacterial Agents, Adrenal Cortex Hormones
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Page 4BackgroundTraumatic dental injuries can have a significant impact on the life of a child, since it causes both physiological and physical pain..ObjectivesThe current study aimed to evaluate the primary school teachers’ knowledge about emergency management of avulsed teeth in Ahvaz, Iran..Patients andMethodsThe study was conducted in twenty randomly selected primary schools of Ahvaz. The 269 teachers in the schools were selected and asked to fill out the self-report questionnaires for data collection. The questionnaire was inspired from one used by Mori et al. and consisted of the three parts: teacher’s demographic data, their knowledge about importance of emergency management, and emergency method that they used. The data were analyzed using chi-square test..ResultsA total of 269 teachers, 41.6% male and 58.4% female, answered the questionnaire. The results showed that 15.2 % of the teachers had an experience of avulsed tooth at school, all of them knew the importance of emergency management and 36.4% would look for a dentist for treatment of the cases. Only 6.3% reimplanted the tooth themselves. Regarding the storage media, 6.7% would keep the avulsed tooth in milk. There was no significant difference between gender and education level (P > 0.05)..ConclusionsThe results of the current study showed that school teachers’ lacked knowledge regarding dental trauma and especially tooth avulsion..Keywords: Knowledge, Tooth Avulsion, Dental Trauma
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Page 5Context: The aim of this review was to examine evidences for the association between smoking and periodontal disease, to discuss possible biological mechanisms whereby smoking may adversely affect the periodontium, and to consider the effect of smoking on periodontal treatment..Evidence Acquisition: A web-based search in PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to identify publications regarding the effects of smoking on various aspects of the periodontal disease process and to find an explanation for the possible association between smoking and the progression of periodontitis. We evaluated the articles published in English language between 1990 and 2013 with the search terms ‘‘periodontal health and smoking’’, ‘‘periodontal treatment and smoking’’, and ‘‘tobacco smokers and oral hygiene’’..ResultsOf the total yield of 145 identified publications, 72 were selected for this literature review. The results of the selected papers reflect the effect of smoking on oral hygiene, gingival inflammation and vasculature, gingival crevicular fluid, subgingival microflora in periodontitis, fibroblast function, genetic polymorphism, initiation and progression of periodontal disease and its effect on passive smokers, and host response to periodontal treatment..ConclusionsSmoking is a significant risk factor for impaired periodontal health and treatment..Keywords: Periodontitis, Tobacco, Smoking, Gingival
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Page 6BackgroundPit-and-fissure sealants are safe and effective ways to prevent dental caries and are considered as a part of an overall caries-preventive strategy. Dental caries are a public health problem and the most common intraoral disease affecting mankind. It is an infectious transmissible disease, with the child patient being at the highest risk..ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the retention rates and effectiveness of occlusal sealants in children in Hamadan, Iran..Materials And MethodsA total of 118 sealed first permanent molar teeth in 52 students (mean age, 8 years;male, 48%) were evaluated for fissure sealant retention and occlusal caries status. All teeth were examined 12 months after application of sealants. Data were collected and evaluated by survival analyses methods for age at placement, patient sex, decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) index, fluoride history, toothbrush, tooth position in arch, and refer to dentistry..ResultsThe overall success rate with pit-and-fissure sealant was 68.6%; in addition, 38.9% of the seals were completely retained, 38.9% partially lost, and 10.2% completely lost. There were no signs of carious lesions in 69.6% of the teeth. The factors associated with an increased risk of failure included female sex (P = 0.001) and no history of fluoride use (P < 0.01). There were no significant association between the results and patient age, tooth position in the arch, DMFT index, toothbrush, and refer to dentistry..ConclusionsAlthough pit-and-fissure sealants are effective methods for preventing tooth caries, the low success rate of fissure sealants in current study indicated that dental sealant need to be implemented more carefully and follow-up programs are advisable..Keywords: Pit, Fissure Sealants, Retention, Dental Sealants
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Page 7BackgroundRadiographs play an integral role in the assessment of periodontal disease. In recent years, advent of digital imaging has revolutionized radiology in dentistry..ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the E speed intra oral films and extra oral digital systems in identifying the extent of alveolar bone loss in anterior maxillary region of periodontitis patients..Patients andMethodsIn this diagnostic accuracy study, 48 inter proximal surfaces were evaluated in eight patients. These patients had alveolar bone loss in anterior regions because of periodontitis. Intraoral (parallel peri-apical) and extra oral (PSP: panoramic-photo-stimulable phosphor) radiography were taken from all the patients. The distance between Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ) to the alveolar crest was measured in radiographies. This distance was compared with the surgical distance as gold standard..ResultsAccuracy differences between conventional E speed films and digital extra oral system are not statistically significant. All two radiographic modalities in comparison with surgical gold standard have significant difference and both underestimate the extent of bone loss.ConclusionsAccording to this study, accuracy of two imaging systems in assessment of alveolar crest bone loss level is nearly equal. Digital panoramic instead of intraoral film-based radiography can be used in periodontitis patients..Keywords: Alveolar Bone Loss, Radiography, Dental, Periodontitis
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Page 8BackgroundUsing contaminated pumice in polishing process of dental prostheses may result in cross-contamination of dentists, laboratory technicians, and patients..ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the presence and level of microbial contaminants in pumice powder and slurry used in dental laboratories of Hamadan city..Materials And MethodsForty specimens, including 20 pumice powders and 20 pumice slurries were collected from 10 randomly selected dental laboratories and inoculated onto selective and non-selective media in order to count the total colony-forming units (CFU). Isolated fungi and bacteria were identified using Gram-stain and deferential diagnostic tests..ResultsResults of this study showed 85% contamination rate for pumice powders and 100% for pumice slurries. Frequencies of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the powders were 68% and 32% respectively. For the slurries the frequencies were 61% Gram-positive and 39% Gram-negative. Organisms detected in pumice powders composed of Staphylococcus epidermidis, E. coli, Acinetobacter, B. cereus, Enterobacter, Candida, and diphtheroids. Organisms detected in pumice slurries included Staphylococcus epidermidis, E. coli, Citrobacter, S. aureus, Enterobacter, B. cereus, B. proteus, Candida, and diphtheroids..ConclusionsAccording to this study, pumice powder and slurry used in dental laboratories of Hamadan are contaminated. Therefore, the Laboratory staff should be aware of the hazards posed by the presence of pathogens in dental laboratories..Keywords: Laboratories, Dental, Pumice, Equipment Contamination, Cross Infection, Dentures, Hygiene, Disinfection, Dentistry