Journal of Medical Education Development
Volume:7 Issue: 15, 2014

Test anxiety as a major problem in teaching affects millions of students around the world and causes a drop in their academic performance. One of effective factor on reducing anxiety is religious believes. So, present study aimed to investigate effect of Tavasol prayer on reducing test anxiety of students in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. This quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-test design was conducted on 70 new registered nursing students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2013. Data was collected by demographic information and Spielberg questionnaires. After taking an initial test on 70 students, 39 of them were identified with high anxiety and were divided to experimental (n=19) and control (n=20) groups randomly. For intervention group, 30 minutes before the test, about 15 minutes audio file of Tavasol prayer was broadcast through speaker. Immediately and 15 minutes later, students’ anxiety of both groups was assessed again. For control group didn’t broadcast any audio file. Data was analyzed by SPSS19 software using paired and independent t-test, Chi-square and Pearson correlation tests. Mean of pre-test anxiety scores in intervention group (44.26±2.43) compared with control group (42.20±2.27) showed no significant difference (P=0/09). But mean of anxiety scores after the first post-test (34.73±1.45) and 15 minutes later (31.74±1.45) showed a significant decrease in anxiety level of experimental group (P=0.001). In control group, after the first post-test (31.05±0.82) and 15 minutes later (28.80±0.53) wasn’t seen significant difference (P=1.00). So that our results showed positive effect of Tavasol prayer on reducing students’ test anxiety, use of this prayer as a low-cost and simple method is suggested for students.

Nowadays, E-learning is one of the most advanced educational techniques. It is therefore important to identify aspects and related factors of e-learning utilize among faculty members; thus, this study used the on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine factors related to utilize of e-learning method. This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 200 faculty members of Hamadan which were recruited with a stratified sampling method. The data-gathering tool consisted of a questionnaire based on the TPB constructs and demographic variables whose reliability and validity were approved by the experts. Data were analyzed using Student t-test, One-way ANOVA and Logistic regression in SPSS-16 software. The subjects reported 52.3%, 49.5% and 61.5% of receivable scores of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control, respectively. Among our sample, 42.5% indicated that they have no intention to use e-learning in the future. Also, attitude and perceived behavioral control were the best predictors for behavioral intention in the theory of planned behavior. Results demonstrated the poor intention of faculty members toward e-learning. therefore, it is recommended to implementation educational intervention using the theory of planned behavior with emphasis on attitude and perceived behavioral control as facilitators of the adoption of e-learning in further education programs.

According to increase in quality and quantity of Continuing Medical Education(CME) Programms, assesment of educational needs is a part of research priorities in Education Development Centers(EDC).Due to lacking studies in this field among dentists, we decide to evaluate dentists opinion regarding qualiy and quantity of current Continuing Medical Education program. This descriptive study was done Among Zanjan providence General Dentists. 60 dentists fill the questionaire regarding qualitative and quantitative assesment of Continuing Medical Education.The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. This study was conducted on 64% male and 36% female with mean age of 41.49±7.49. They(52.5%) claimed that the most effective way to increase efficacy of these courses is to ask great instructors to do the courses and also the best method of performance is patient based method. The main problem of the dentists attending courses was thelong interval between the CME courses.Most of the dentists agreed to have 5-10 programms in a year.59.8 percent of them was agree with virtual internet based continuing education programms.they also claimed that there is a great balance between their educational needs and the programms. Because of the acceptance of virtual programms among most of the dentists,it is recommended to have virtual programms base on their educational demands

The purpose of this study was to assess the amount of compatibility of organizational properties and principles in Zanjan Univsersity of Medical Sciences with the established standards from both the staff and managers’ point of view. Peter Senge Assessment Characteristics of Learning Organization (personal mastery, shared vision, mental models, team learning and system approach) was used for this goal. This descriptive-survey was carried out on 360 employees and managers out of 5693 persons. A questionnaire of 25 items was used to collect the data. Then, the data was analyzed using T- test, single group T- test and Anova. The underlying hypothesis was that from the perspective of managers and employees of Zanjan Medical University, this university has a good condition concerning standards of a learning organization. Testing this hypothesis revealed that there was a difference in the present and a favorable condition. Meanwhile, the obtained means for personal mastery, shared vision, mental models, team learning and system approach had a significant relationship with the predicted mean. Our results indicated that some of the features of learning organization in Zanjan Medical University are not satisfactory or in accordance with the standard values. Moreover, the mean difference in managers and employees pointed out the relationship was significant as to mental models and system approach. This finding puts that the managers’ status concerning" mental models” and “system approach” is better than the employees’. The means difference in the males and females in mental models were also statistically significant. The results showed that in mental models of Feature of Learning Organization in the males was higher than the females. Level of education did not have specific effect on the employees’ functioning or other aspects of learning organization. Also, duration of work history in terms of years did not have any effect on the employees’ functioning in different aspects of learning organization.

Clinical practice is considered a very important part of the nursing education. Effective and dynamic interactions among the students, Health care providers, instructors, and the clinical environment and its elements affect their professional development. This report is part of a major study that describes the final year experience of BSN student in the clinical environment. through this qualitative study, the data was collected from 12 undergraduate nursing students in two large nursing and midwifery schools and two new graduated students. In-depth semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of participants during their clinical placements and after graduation. The data were analyzed using the Straussian version (1998) of grounded theory method. Professional pride as one of the significant findings of study was evident in experiences of participating students in the final year of their study. Professional pride as one of the most important results of the seminal study consisted of three subcategories: professional adequacy, accepted by others, and the practice of being professional. This feeling initiated and developed through last three semesters. Participants while acquiring individual capabilities and professional competencies, due to prolong presence in clinical environments had much more opportunities to interact and to make relationship with patients and health care members. In addition, they found that they must to be ready to practice in the real workplace. Professional pride experienced by student nurses coincided with entering to the Internship program. Revision of the philosophy, mission, and goals of the Internship program and make any modifications in execution of program in the clinical settings can result in positive effects on socialization and role transition of the student nurses. Recommendations to enhance the clinical experiences of student nurses in final year of their study were outlined.

The student's academic achievement is one of the most important indicators for evaluation the efficiency of higher education system. One of the issues raised in the student's academic achievement is study of reasons for decreased desire to continue education. The aim of this study was survey of factors affecting on decreased desire to continue education of undergraduate students. This study was observational and cross-sectional in nature. The study was conducted in the academic year of 2011-2012. The population of the study consisted of all students in final year of BS degree in School of Allied Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire, which validity and reliability was confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 15) using descriptive statistics. Among 276 students were studied 56 case (20.3 percent) had no desire to continue education. The highest number was related to the radiotherapy student (30.4 percent) and lowest number was related to the anesthesia student (9.1percent).Study of different reasons for decreased desire to continue education showed the most important reason was no effect on future employment and the labor market (mean 2.8) and Family problems (mean1.9) were mentioned as the less important reasons. Overall, it can be concluded that except the reason related to decreasing teachers and department encouragement, other mentioned reasons were effective to decrease desire to continue education was derived of the structure of higher education system and they were less relevant to the performance of departments.

Affective factors teaching and learning can improve the quality of education and educational evaluation to determine the success rate in achieving goals of the faculty. This study examines the views of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences faculty about the practices, processes and quality of teaching performance in 2013. This study is a descriptive cross sectional study. The questionnaire was based on likert 5 point scale. The questionnaire consisted of three parts of the evaluation process evaluation (9 items) ˛ different methods of teacher evaluation (11 items) and evaluation criteria (24 items). All faculty members, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, (108 patients) were studied through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17 software. 72.9% of teachers agreed with the assessment of teaching quality. 19.6% of teachers satisfied from the current trends teaching evaluation. 35.5% of teachers have low evaluation of the impact on their teaching process. 43.3% of teachers moderate effectiveness as an indicator of teaching quality evaluation forms. 41.9% deemed necessary awareness of evaluation results to modify their teaching practices. The highest and lowest scores in teacher evaluation criteria related to motivate students to study and research and introduce students to the texts and educational pamphlets, respectively. The majority of teachers were agreed with teaching evaluation forms as well as the majority stated that the quality of teaching evaluation forms is to be moderate. It is suggested that educational authorities at various levels of training to run a more detailed plan to further steps towards quality education.

In today's society, entrepreneurial intentions could be a valuable strategy for creating employment and entrepreneurial thinking in higher education and a parallel improvement in the employment crisis has, the present research aimed at investigating the factors affected on the academic entrepreneurial intention among students of Shiraz Medical Sciences University. This paper is a descriptive-correlational on based applied goal and the method of data collection and analysis. Statistical group present research included all students of faculty management and information of Shiraz Medical Sciences University. The sample size was determined using Cochran formula, 170 students have been using stratified random sampling.Field method and combination of close questionnaire were used to collect data and Likert five-alteration scale was applied to measure all parts of model. Data were analyzed using path analysis, a total of 9 different variables included five predictor variables (subjective norms, social norms, entrepreneurial experience, entrepreneurial self-efficacy tend to be risk-taking) and three intermediate variables (perceived desirability been possible perception, attitude) was proposed and evaluated the impact of each dance entrepreneurial. The results indicated that subjective norms, social norms, entrepreneurial self efficacy, entrepreneurial experience and propensity risk taking have significant effects on entrepreneurial intention indirectly through perceived desirability, perceived feasibility and attitude toward entrepreneurship variables.

Critical thinking is an important aspect of the nursing profession and is considered particularly critical in the clinical activity. But there were no important notice on it. It seems that it's necessary to assess barriers of critical thinking in nurses and nursing students. So we can match theoretical teaching with clinical experiences, because decision making is not possible only with stereotype teaching and need creative solution. This cross–sectional was done on three groups of teachers, students and nurses. Sampling methods for teachers was censuses and for students and nurses were randomization. We used a researcher-made tool that its validity and reliability was approved by members of university and test-retest method respectively. We used using descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analysis results. The comparison of individual, organizational and personality dimensions were done by One way ANOVA test and showed no significant difference between three groups (p>0.05). However, this difference was significant in educational dimension (p<0.02). Tukey-test showed the difference between students and nurses group (sig=0.031 and CI=95%). The use of critical thinking is an undeniable necessity to resolve barriers of it. Using active learning method, new education methods such as concept mapping, problem base learning, designing case reports, put importance on teacher's role as a critical thinker and encourage students to write their clinical experience can be effective solutions.

Nowadays, usefult study is considered as an important element in social development and progress through which the public and epecially university students gain a lot. The purpose of this research is to determine factors affecting on useful study among students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) in 2012. This is an applied survey research in which the data were collected by a researcher made questionnaire. Its validity and reliability were confirmed by library and information sciences specialists and cronbach's alpha (r=82/50) respectively. Statistical population consisted of all students in Isfahan University of Medical Scinces and the samples were 374. Sampling method was random stratified sampling.Data were analyzed by descriptive (frequency destribution, mean…) and inferential (T-test, ANOVA and Tukey) statistics through SPSS software. The findings showed that the mean level score of factors affecting on useful study among students was 2/39. /4981 that it was less than average. The most means were lack of concentration at the time of study with mean 3/33 1/217, study without help other people with mean 3/27 1/203 and lack of deep breathing at the time of study with mean 3/16+1/458, respectively and the least means were walking at the time of study with mean 1/56+./946, breathing of the heart with mean 1/58. /847 and enjoying from irregular place with mean 2/41. /515 respectively. Also, comparison between student's gender, resident type and educational level with factors affecting on showed significant difference, but there was not the same in different colleges. The results showed that factors affecting on useful study among students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were less than average, so it is good status, but there were problems such as lack of concentration at the time of study, study without help other people and lack of deep breathing at the time of study. Also, son students, dormitory students, and BA and MS students were exposure factors affecting on useful study. Generally all students and education practitioners should pay special attention to factors affecting on useful study.

Undoubtly, there are some factors acting as barriers or facilitator in spreading and employing the research findings. Thus, The present study aimed at the determination of the nurses’opinions regarding barriers and facilitators of clinical utilization of research results in hospitals of gonabad. In this descriptive – analytic study, 147 nurses working in educational hospitals of gonabad were studied. For gather information, a three- part questionnaire (whose reliability and validity has been confirmed) includjng demographic data, barriers and facilitators application of clinical research was used. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics, independent T and Variance Analysis tests and pearson correlation coefficient. Major barriers acknowledged by nurses were: shortage of facilities for utilization of research results (81/1%), lack of collaboration and participation of physicions for applying nursing research (80/5%), lack of autonomy and authority to change therapeutic and care practices for patients by nurses (79/1%) and lack of nurses’ involvement in research (79/1%). Conducting in service training courses on new research finding (95/1%), increasing manager support (93%) and equipping hospital’s library with a various journals and internet access (90/9%) were determind as the most important facilitators. There was a statistical significant difference between the total score of barriers and age, experience and nurses’s shift work (P<0/05). According to the results of study, it appears that providing necessary facilities, giving more authority to change the care strategies and creating a supportive environment can be as requirements to implement of research- based practice in nursing.

Learning environment is an important determinant to motivating for learning. In the education environment, lecturers play a vital role at effective learning. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the educational environment at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences by Lecturer ' point of view. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. A total of 120 lecturers were selected randomly and the modified Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) was used for data collection. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS 11.5 and descriptive and analytical statistics such as mean, independent samples t test and one way ANOVA. The overall DREEM score was (85.2± 12.24). It represents a favorable educational environment. The lowest DREEM score mean was 24.82 out of maximum 44 (56.42%) in lecturers’ perceptions of the teachers (representing moving in the right direction) and the highest DREEM score mean was 30.55 out of maximum 48 (63.64%) in lecturers’ perceptions of the learning (representing positive attitude to learning). The difference of mean scores in the learning domain were statistically significant on the basis of faculties (p <0.05) and educational group (p <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between male and female lecturers for the DREEM subscale scores. the finding of this study showed that lecturers’ perceptions of the educational environment are fairly favorable and there is a room for improvement in the educational environment.