فصلنامه سیاستهای مالی و اقتصادی
سال دوم شماره 6 (تابستان 1393)

Many developing countries have excessive concentration in a few cities more than other parts. This could lead to many problems in urban management، particularly in the provision of urban infrastructure. In these countries، people''s quality of life has been affected by the huge regional disparities which in many cases are increasing rapidly. The most important aspect of inequality is spatial inequality. Spatial inequality could be interpreted as unequal distribution of opportunities and social barriers in the space. Spatial disparity that regional inequality is an obvious example of it could have various aspects in different societies. This study aims to identify current patterns of spatial distribution of economic development in the cities of the Khuzestan province. This is a practical study which has an Analytic - descriptive approach. The data were collected from the Statistical Yearbook of Khuzestan in 1390. The collected data were analyzed using different software such as SPSS، EXCEL، GIS، along with TOPSIS methods، cluster analysis، Pearson Correlation Coefficient، Mann-Whitney Test، and other statistical methods. The results show that spatial distribution of economic development in the cities of Khuzestan province is unequal and in contrast with appropriate standards of spatial distribution. This inequality has been occurred in both geographical and population levels. Geographically، most economically developed cities are located in the West and the South of the province. In terms of population، most economically developed cities also have larger populations and higher urbanization rates.

This research aims to study the effect of non-oil exports and foreign direct investment on GDP of Iran. In order to do this، using auto regressive distributed lag method and annual time series، data from 1978 to 2008 has been investigated. The results indicate that effectiveness of all variables coefficients have been in conformity with economic theories and in the long-run، non-oil exports and foreign direct investment would have positive and significant effects on economic growth. Also، the results of the error correction model indicate that in each annual period about 0/46 short run imbalances in achieving long run balance has been mitigated.

Knowing the effect of ICT on labor productivity in various economic sections is a matter of great importance for the policy makers and economic planners. This study estimates the labor productivity function in Iran، using ICT in industrials level by four-digit ISIC codes. In order to do this، the statistics of industrial manufacturers with 10 or more workers during 1996-2007 have been used. The model estimation method is based on panel data and to estimate the model، Stata and Eviews software have been used. The estimation results show that ICT capital in comparison to the NICT capital has more effects on labor productivity in Iran economy during this period and the effect of ICT capital on labor productivity is positive and significant.

This research examines the sustainability of debt in the Iranian economy during 1978-2011. Based on the literature of fiscal sustainability، the debt is sustainable if the growth of debt is not greater than growth of GDP. In this study in order to test the debt sustainability، fiscal reaction function is estimated where a positive relationship is found between the surplus-to-GDP ratio and the lagged debt-to-GDP ratio. The results show that the coefficient of lagged surplus-to-GDP ratio is positive which confirms the role of past surpluses in the current surplus or alternatively the role of past deficits in the current deficit. Furthermore، the debt sustainability is tested through the extended fiscal reaction function، and debt dynamics function and co integration analysis. The results indicate that the debt is sustainable in weak form in short run while it is not sustainable in long run. Thus، the government in order to reduce the risk of future debt crises should try to diversify the economy and income sources and reduce the dependence on oil revenue funds.

As time passes and as economic theories proliferate، new variables have been broached as effective factors in economic development. Among these variables، capital and investment have a considerable significance in the development models. The presents study aims at investigating the effect of foreign direct investment on economic development of D8 member countries using panel data from 1995 to 2008 within the framework of simultaneous equations model. This model in the form of five simultaneous equations and using three 3SLS measures the effect of variables such as FDI، gross capital accumulation، export، and import on economic development. The other variables are rate of formal currency، rate of pay increase، number of labor force and liquidity. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between FDI and economic development in the investigated sample

There is a vast literature about the factors influencing the economic growth. In these studies، variables such as saving، physical capital، human capital، training and technology are introduced as factors of the economic growth. All these variables could only explain just some part of the economic growth. Therefore، in recent studies، some structural factors are introduced to explain the growth phenomenon. In this paper، the effect of stock market development accompanying with other factors on the economic growth have been studied. For this purpose، the D-8 countries have been investigated during 1988-2011 via the Panel data model. Stock market development has been described by five proxies. The empirical results indicate that stock market development has a positive and significant effect of on the economic growth in the mentioned countries.

The main object of this paper is examining the impact of globalization on income distribution in OIC countries during 1984-2010. For this purpose، the degree of trade openness and foreign direct investment-output ratio variables has been used as globalization indices. Using panel data techniques besides testing the Kuznets hypothesis for the impacts of globalization variables، government expenditure as a percentage of GDP، inflation، and population growth on Gini coefficient، as one of the most important indicators for income distribution، were analyzed. The research findings indicate that Kuznets hypothesis is not approved among OIC members. The results also suggest that income distribution improves with increasing of the real per capita income، and becomes more imbalanced with expanding of the globalization

Financial instruments have been developed in recent years. Therefore it is critical for financial managers to know that which instrument can be useful for the financing of the company.This study using hierarchical approach tries to detect and prioritize the factors affecting the choose of financing method. Data has been collected by a questionnaire and samples have been selected from among the managers of capital market. Factors influencing the method of financing selection are divided into three general categories. These categories include those factors related to financing sources; those related to the financed company and those related to macro-economic and political factors.The results show the superiority of the financed company category and attract manager''s attention to the internal factors such as the capital structure and the credit status of the company during decision making process.