نشریه ورزش و علوم زیست حرکتی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 10، پاییز و زمستان 1392)

DOMS is one of the most common muscle injury during sports activities and even everyday life. In order to reduce the effects of DOMS provide prevention and treatment strategies are needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of warm up on indices of male students DOMS after eccentric contractions. In this experimental study، 18 non-athlete students in Guilan University voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: warm-up (5 minutes running with an intensity of 60 % maximum heart rate، 6 minutes of static stretching and 25 repetitions in 2 sets with 20% 1RM) and the control groups. The outcome measures were: serum CK، neutrophil counts، isometric maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC) and muscular pain perception. Quality parameters measured before، 24، 48 and 72 h after eccentric exercise. Repeated measures analysis of variance and ANOVA test was used to assess differences between the two groups. Serum creatine kinase، neutrophils and pain perception in both groups increased and decreased levels of (MVC). Significant differences between the two groups observed in the count of neutrophils at 48 hours after exercise. The findings of this study indicate that warm up cannot cause a significant decrease in DOMS.

Today، Cold Water Immersion has developed among athletes for recovery speed. With respect to the significance of heat stress and HSP70 in physiological adaptations as well unspecified HSP70 Plasma response under these circumstances، this study was conducted to survey the effect of Water Immersion of varying temperature during resistance exercise on plasma level of heat shock protein 70 (eHSP70) in male rats. 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats (8-weeks) were assigned randomly to 1- Control group (CON; n=8، 208. 5± 7. 98)، 2- Resistance exercise group (RE; n=8، 209. 66± 9. 66)، 3- Resistance exercise+ Moderate Water Immersion group (Re+MWI) and 4- Resistance exercise+ Cold Water Immersion group (Re+CWI) groups. The resistance training consisted of climbing (5 reps/3 sets) a ladder (120 Cm) carrying a load (%50 body weight) suspended from the tail. At rest intervals between sets and at the thrid set (2 minute immersion+ 2 minute Rest)، rats in group 3 and 4 were immersed in a container of water with 27˚C and 14˚C، respectively. Immediately after euthanasia (24 h after the training session) blood samples (1. 5 ml) were collected via tail vein and plasma samples were separated after allowing blood to clot on ice. Plasma was stored frozen at -80°C for analysis. The data was analyzed with One-Way ANOWA method at 0/05 level of significance and plasma eHSP70 levels were evaluated with ELISA method. Results showed that eHSP70 incremental response in Re+MWI group and moderate water immersion group (12. 28±0. 43) was significantly greater than the control group (10. 59±0. 40). The incremental response was also higher in the two other experimental groups compared to the control group but it was not statistically significant. Based on findings of the present study، MWI (27 ˚C) during resistance exercise or sbusequently، induces eHSP70 incremental response. If the findings of this study could be generalized to future studies on human participants، it could be suggested for athletes in fields such a wrestling and weightlifting (with strength quality and a need to increase muscular protein content).

Introduction and Omentin-1 is a novel adipokine with insulin sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity and concomitant diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training with different intensity on serum levels of omentin-1 and adiponectin as well as liver triglycerides and glycogen contents in adult male rats. Twenty four male Wister rats (12-14 Weeks old) were randomly divided into three groups: control، resistance training with 50% body mass (training 1)، and resistance training with 100% body mass (training 2). The resistance training consisted of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. ELISA method was used to determine serum omentin-1 and adiponectin concentrations. After four weeks of resistance training we did not find any significant differences in serum omentin-1، adiponectin and glucose concentrations between all groups. The amount of liver triglycerides in training 1 and 2 groups were lower compared with control group (respectively، P= 0. 01 & P= 0. 009). Liver glycogen content in training 2 group was significantly higher compared with the control group (P= 0. 01). Discussion and These results indicated that short-term resistance training could change liver triglycerides and glycogen contents without significant changes in serum omentin-1 and adiponectin levels in rats.

The aim of current study، was evaluating the relationship between nutrition knowledge، body composition and physical activity level in obese and lean middle-aged women. The number of 172 and 130 (totally 302) people in obese group and underweight group were randomly selected and for considering situation، nutrition knowledge and body physical activity of the samples، Parmenter & Wardle، and Baeck questionnaires of nutrition knowledge and Beck body physical level have been used.. Height، weight and skinfold، MI and body fat percent of samples were measured and BMI and were calculated. Also for data analysis U-Man Whitney statistical test and Spearman correlation coefficient has been used. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity level، body fat percent and fat free mass in both obese and lean middle-aged women (p>0. 05). Also، no significant differences were observed between physical activity level of obese and lean old women; but، a significant difference observed between nutrition knowledge، body fat percent and fat free mass between obese and lean old women (p<0. 05). Also nutrition knowledge and body fat free mass at middle-aged obese women was higher and the percent of fat in middle-aged underweight women was lower. So، it can be concluded that a sufficient nutrition knowledge can have beneficial effect at changes of middle-aged women’s body composition with body activity level and body composition.

Introduction and

Disturbances in adipocyte lipolysis in obesity may contribute to elevated circulating fatty acids concentrations. Fatty acids metabolism is influenced by epidermal lipid binding protein (FABP5/ mal1). The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 8 week aerobic training on plasma levels of FABP5 in women with different body mass index.

Thirteen normal weight health women (BMI<24. 9 kg/m2، mean age ± SD، 31. 08 ± 1. 8 years) and twelve overweight women (BMI>25 kg/m2، mean age ± SD، 32. 3 ± 1. 8 years) participated in this study. The aerobic training program was carried out for 8 weeks، 3 sessions per week at 40-80% of maximal reserved heart rate. Duration of each session was 25 minutes in the first week and it increased up to 45 minutes in the 8th week of exercise. Plasma levels of FABP5، lipid profile such as HDL، LDL، Cholesterol، triglyceride and body composition index before and 48h after the training period were measured.

Results of t-test showed that eight weeks of aerobic exercise had no significant effect on plasma levels of FABP5، weight and body mass index. Cholesterol levels in both group and LDL levels in normal weight group was increased significantly (P<0. 05). Whereas changes in HDL and triglycerides in the two groups was not significant compared to before exercise.

The results of this study showed that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise with increasing intensity does not effect on changes of plasma FABP5 in women with a normal weight or overweight.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of short-term β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation on changes of LDH and CRP induced by one intensive resistance exercise in untrained male students. Fifteen، healthy and untrained young male students (age: 23. 4±2. 06 years، height: 173. 96±6. 77 centimeters، weight: 70. 07±12. 17 kilograms، BMI 23. 05±2. 96 kg/m2 and fat: %17. 49±5. 62) were selected and divided to two groups randomly: HMB (n = 8) or placebo (n = 7). Subjects use HMB or placebo 6 days before a bout intensity weight training with %70 - 75 of 1RM. LDH and CRP were Assessed before، 1 and 24 hours after exercise. The results show that HMB consumption before an intense resistance exercise have significant influence on the serum LDH levels (p= 0. 038)، but dont have significant influence on the serum CRP levels (p=0. 129).

Introduction and ABCG1 protein is a membrane transporter is a key intermediary in the delivery of cholesterol from lipid-rich macrophages to apo-lipoprotein A. Which is one of the steps in reverse cholesterol transport body and final step in the prevention of atherosclerosis. ABCG1 Increased expression may prevent the formation of lipid-rich macrophages and consequently reduce the risk of atherosclerosisABCG1 transporter is responsible for making and forming of HDL particles and therefore probably plays a crucial role in prevention of Coronary artery diseases. The purpose of the present study The effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on ABCG1 Gene expression in inactive obese women. 36 healthy women participated in this study and randomly assigned to control group (n=18) and experimental group (with an average age of 30- 35، BMI >30) (kg/m2)). Exercise program involved a12-week training with intensity of 65-75% of reserve heart rate done three days per week in one session of 55-60 minute period. Blood samples were collected 48 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last session (subjects were fasting). ABCG1 gene expression was measured using semi-quantitative-RT-PCR. Data were analyzed by t- test software. data analysis showed that expression of ABCG1 m-RNA was significantly increased following a single-session exercise in exercise group in Compared with the control group. It can be concluded aerobic exercise increases the expression of mRNA ABCG1 gene on in inactive Obese Women، and be effective in prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Empirical evidence reveals positive effects of physical activity on skeletal mass. Hormones and biochemical markers of bone measurements indicate that the intracellular metabolism can explain the relationship between physical activity and bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of six months of aerobic exercise training on bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone in obese women idle. This is an quasi-experimental study. Sample consisted of 15 middle-aged female employees who were targeted sampling method. samples randomly into two experimental groups (ten patients) and control group (five patients) were classified by body mass index greater than 30 kg per square meter، and accordingly the women were overweight. Aerobic exercise protocol consisted of six months (75 sessions)، each session lasting 60 minutes with an intensity of 65-55% heart rate reserve ((HRR was. To measure PTH-specific ELISA kit was used. well as calcium، phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were measured by Atvanalayz. statistical operations were performed using SPSS 16 software and a significance level of P<0. 05 was considered. Results showed that aerobic training no significant difference on BMI and percent body fat in the control group. but in the experimental group were significantly decreased. Also، none of the parameters studied serum (alkaline phosphatase، Pratvrmvn، phosphorus، and calcium) showed no significant change. 6-month aerobic exercise training with the intensity of 55-65 percent of heart rate reserve does not significant change in the parathyroid hormone، phosphorus، calcium and bone-alkaline phosphatase in Inactive obese women.