فصلنامه شخصیت و تفاوت های فردی
سال سوم شماره 4 (تابستان 1393)

The present study aimed to investigate the role of personality characteristics, identity style and commitment in prediction of the academic procrastination among the high school students. Research method was descriptive and Correlational. Using multistage cluster-random sampling, 450 high school students (225 males, 225 females) were selected from the city of Tehran. All the participants were asked to complete the following questionnaires: Solomon and Ruth Bloom's Academic Procrastination Inventory (1984), NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and ISI Identity style Inventory (ISI; Berzonsky,1989). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis. Results showed a significantly positive relationship between academic procrastination with Neuroticism, Openness, and Diffuse/avoidant Style. Also, there is negatively significant relationship between academic procrastination with Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Extraversion, Commitment, Normative Style, and Information Style (p<0.01). The results of stepwise regression showed that the variables Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Openness and commitment could predict academic procrastination variable significantly(F4,445 =59/96, p<0,000). Given these findings, it can be said that rising Neuroticism, Openness among the high school students will lead into increasing the amount of academic procrastination, and also rising conscientiousness and commitment among high school students will lead into abating the amount of academic procrastination.

Moral identity is a self- concept about moral values and “The Self-importance of Moral Identity” (Aquino, Reed, 2002) is a scale to measure this construct in its two dimensions, namely; internalization and symbolization. In this research, as the first step, translation validity and face validity of the measure were discussed and modified. As the second step, using cluster sampling, 180 undergraduate students from “Ahvaz university of Shahid Chamran” were selected and asked to complete the measure, two additional item and measures for empathy, religiosity and social desirability. Moreover a sample of 32 students were selected for test re test. Results of confirmatory factor analysis confirm the measurement model. Also significant relationship to additional items confirms criterion validity, and significant relationship to empathy and religiosity confirm convergent validity. Reliability of this measure, also investigated and confirmed by internal consistency (internalization: 0.776, symbolization: 0.776) and test re test (internalization: 0.505, symbolization: 0.364). Albeit because of significant relationship to social desirability, divergent validity of this measure didn’t confirmed. So, consideration the relationship between the measure and social desirability, there be suggested that, beside using the measure, a measure of social desirability will be used in order to statistical control.

Relationship satisfaction and differentiation could impact on family performance. The aim of this research is to study the relationship of relationship satisfaction and differentiation with family performance of married student. Using cluster sampling, 225 married student of Payame Noor University were selected and asked to complete Family assessment device (1983), Burns relationship satisfaction scale (1993) and differentiation inventory Skowron (1998). The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there are positive relationship between family performance of married students with their relationship satisfaction (R=0/687) and subscale I-position (R=0/682) of differentiation (p<0.05). There is negative relationship between family performance of married students with their emotional reactivity (R=-0/485), emotional reactivity (R=-0/485), Fusion with others(R=-0/388) and Emotional cutoff (R=-0/479). The results of multi-variable correlation coefficient with input method indicated relationship satisfaction and differentiation as the best predictors of family performance in the married students (15%). The results showed that there are significant relationship between relationship satisfaction and f differentiation with family performance of married students. So it is necessary to increase family performance in couples in which strengthens their relationship satisfaction and differentiation.

Personality disorders can play an important role in academic performance and variables that related to it. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the role of personality disorders symptoms in predicting the resilience of students with low academic performance. 498 students were primarily selected by cluster sampling From among students of the Malayer University. Among of them, 82 students with low academic performance were considered as final Sample. Data were gathered using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and resilience scale. Pierson correlation and multivariate regression were used for analyzing the data. Results indicated that there is meaningful correlation between schizoid (r= -0.232), paranoid (r= -0.332), schizotypal (r= -0.227) and histrionic (r= 0.225) with resilience and personality disorders signs. Personality disorders signs have explained 18% the variance in resilience. Based on results, attention to personality disorders and their treatment can play an important role in improving the health and academic performance of students.

The present study investigated the simple and multiple relationships between Personality characteristics, Entity intelligence belief, Incremental intelligence belief and achievement goals with academic self-efficacy was in high school female students in Khorramabad. The participants of the study were 290 students who were selected randomly by multi-stage random method. The instruments used in this study were the Neo-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Implicit Theory of Intelligence Scale (IT IS), Achievement Goal Orientation Scale, and Self-efficacy Academic Scale. For statistical analysis of the data, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that about 42% of the variance of academic self-efficacy was explained by predictor variables. Moreover, the stepwise regression analysis indicated that conscientiousness; mastery approach goal, incremental intelligence belief, extroversion and performance approach goal were respectively the most important predictors of self-efficacy academic.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between multiple intelligence and emotional intelligences of students. Research sample included 200 students (100 female and 100 male) who were chosen through multistage random sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Multiple Intelligences Development Assessment Scale (1996) and Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence (1998). The correlation coefficient and stepwise regression was used to analyze the data. Results showed positive correlation between musical, linguistic and intrapersonal intelligences with emotional intelligence. The results also revealed negative correlation between mathematical and interpersonal intelligence with emotional intelligence, but no significant correlation between bodily, spatial and naturalistic intelligences with emotional intelligences. Also, stepwise regression results indicated that intrapersonal, bodily, interpersonal, verbal and spatial intelligences are the best predictors of student's emotional intelligence. The predictive power of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences for emotional intelligence, demonstrate the power of self-regulation and social skills in inter-individual relations. Also, by increasing the interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences of individuals with low emotional intelligence could help them to improve their emotional intelligence.

This study examined the relationship between personality characteristics (five factor model) and locus of control with vocational adjustment of gas company employees in Kermanshah. The population of this correlational study consisted of all employees in Kermanshah gas companies who were serving in 1392. The participants (211 employees) were asked to the big five personality inventory (NEO), emotional intelligence (Bradbry - Graves), and vocational adjustment (Bell). Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data. The results showed that there are significant relationship between neurosis, extraversion, amiability, conscientiousness and locus of control whit vocational adjustment. The results also showed that neurosis personality and locus of control can predict vocational adjustment. Considering the results of this research we can suggest to organizations to give special attention to the employee's personality characteristics and locus of control.

Cognitive estimation is an attempt to provide reasonable answers to questions for which there is no relevant knowledge. For a reasonable estimation, the subject must be able to retrieve all the knowledge, modify them appropriately, and judge the logicalness in order to provide a reasonable response. Frontal lobe injury causes to present unusual responses to these questions. The aim of this study is to provide Persian form of cognitive estimation test and compare it among a group of normal men and women. 268 individuals (140 women and 128 men) aged 11-50 years old were selected by convenience sampling method. A cognitive estimation test was developed that contained 30 items from which 12 items were selected for the final statistical analysis. Although the results of the independent T test showed that women have more errors in cognitive estimation compared with men, covariance analysis showed that this difference is affected by the general information. There was also a significant negative correlation between age and cognitive estimation error (r=-0.17, p<0.05). There wasn’t any relationship between education and cognitive estimation error. The present study provides a Persian version of cognitive estimation test and an instrument to diagnose frontal lobe injuries and a quick diagnosis of cognitive changes due to aging.