فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگ - ارتباطات
پیاپی 26 (تابستان 1393)

“City of women” has been Produce in 1988, by Ataollah Hayati, that indicate “Barf-e-chal” ritual in a fiction form. Ritual was represented in a dramatic form in this film. Due entering the rituals scope, folklore culture of real people and using some documentary films, I suggest that we can classify this film in the category of “Middle films”, the films that are not prepare to be Specially an “ethnographic film” but they mentioned to an ethnographic subject. So I will critic this film by the critical method of ethnographic films. It seems that Director did not pay attention to folk beliefs and represented the ritual in a trifle mode. It seems that he did not pay attention to importance of ethnographic researches before producing the film, as a result of this inattention, he could not to represent the real social context and ritual details, and because of his inattention to considering the context the film submits a large number of wrong data and false details about this ritual and this people. as well as this we can categorize this film in mockumentary genre. This genre borrows the documentary form elements to pretend that is representing a real event or any real subjects that is not true. So this essay is about how to critic a” middle film” by ethnographic critical methods and importance ofconsidering th ظe right genre of a film before critic.

With regard to the provision of sending assorted text messages dependent to literature through mobile phones and the extensive spectrum of literary works in lyrical and didactic genres, the present study tries to answer the question that how the quality and quantity of text messages is in lyrical and didactic genres, with the aim of studying the way the mentioned genres have been formed in text messages from 2007 to 2012using content analysis. The statistical society consists of 16,327 text messages in which the lyrical genre is divided into seven subcategories. The romance genre received more attention, because of representing the cultural-literary reaction to social needs and meeting user's sense of isolation. The didactic genre is divided into ten subcategories among which advice and training types have been more important. With regardto close interaction between these two genres, the merger lyrical-didactic type has been extracted from text messages.

Recently entrepreneurship has very important role in economic development of countries. Present study based on applied and survey methodology. 25-item questionnaire designed to collect data is used. Research community, entrepreneurs who are active in the field of cultural businesses. Also, the sample size was calculated 217 based on Morgan table. Techniques used to analyze research data, exploratory factoranalysis in order to classify the factors identified and confirmatory factor analysis aims to verify the research model has been used. Data analysis results show 23 factors in 5 dimension include public information, personal ability, marketing ability, cultural attitude and awareness of environmental resources impact on cultural entrepreneurial success.

Media literacy is a essential skill for living in the present era. In this paper, objectives, content, procedure, instruction, assessment, and restrictions on the entry of media literacy education in schools by Delphi method has been reviewed. The results showed: The localization o f media literacy education leadto empower abilities students to media diet, and strengthen Islamic identity and culture. Pilot implementation of training courses, Descriptive valuation, Combining content with textbooks in primary and independent book in high school are other study findings. Also need to evaluate and critical analysis of media texts. Results showed Media literacy is essential for students.

Political cartoons are a form of visual news discourse, act as windows to the political world and play important role in reciprocal relationship between popular culture and international politics. This research aims to analysis American Political Cartoons on the Iran's nuclear program from cultural studies perspectives to conceptualize current international politics and political processes and establishment of dominant political themes in USA. Structures and important features, the hidden cultural frameworks and categories such as myths, stereotypes, prejudices and ideologies were analyzed with specific framework. Results of deep qualitative analysis showed that the dominantdiscourse in these cartoons, reflect effectively Orientalism ideology in popular culture and dominant discourse in the West, particularly the United States. In these popular political narratives, the security was formulated as a fundamental justification for dread and fear from the other in the name of Iran and Islam and formulated fear was reflected as potential and hidden danger. This means that nuclear power in Islamic country of Iran is unreliable and dangerous threat to the United States security and now, we should use interventionist policies.

Cinematic works are among important works in the list of supportable works in intellectual property rights and enjoys its protection regulations. Study of the historical development and legal protection of these works indicates that there are obstacles in the way of identifying cinematic works as separate and independent works, the majority of which are as follows: Determining the subject under protection and the author of the cinematicwork. This paper aimed at conducting a comparative study on the national laws of France and the UK on one hand, and the Act for protecting the rights of Iranian authors, composers and artists (approved in 1969), on the other hand, in order to analyze and compare the historical background of these two challenges. Among the important results of this study which was already referred to is the necessity of meeting existing needs in the field of cinematic works rights by considering the experiences of other countriesand leading legal systems in the world by Iranian legislators, so that the protection of cinematic works is determined, and accordingly, authors of the works are identified.

This article by content analysis of Iranian prize-winner movies in international festivals, examines the depiction of Iranian-Islamic cultural components in these movies. The research method is content analysis and its sample includes 20 feature films. The findings show that in two movies i.e. "The White Balloon" and "The Wind Will Take US ", theIranian-Islamic cultural components are represented more boldly and they are much paler in other movies. On the basis of other findings, such characteristics as being untamed and being different have been the most prominent characteristics that probably have paved the way for their international success.

Sacred characters sometimes appear in Hollywood works without their former sanctity. The present article aimed at studying how prophets are visualized in Hollywood, as the most prominent film production and distribution system in the world, from transcendentalistic and metaphoristic perspectives. This article presented a semiotic analysis of four Hollywood cinematic works dealing with the lives of prophets: TheTen Commandments, King David, The Last Temptation of Christ, and Passion of the Christ. In this paper, an analysis of the selected scenes from the above-mentioned films and also the quality of the visualization of the sacred characters depicted in these works was conducted.

Social capital comprises a set of relationships, networks, interactions, associations and organizations formed by shared norms and values which warm the human society and facilitate social interaction. Some media experts consider it as a means of spreading "social capital”. Accordingly, the objectives of this paper were: Investigation of the extent and impact of watching television and surfing on the internet on social capital and thedimensions of quality (trust and reciprocal dealing) and network structure (formal/informal, and the size and capacity of the network). The approach of the present paper is relational casual and the survey method was used among 391 residents of Tehran. The social capital variables was measured inspired by Stone's model after localization and the variable of media consumption via the amount of time spent on TV and the internet. Some of the findings of the study based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated that the time spent on watching television or surfing on theinternet has a positive and significant relationship with social capital. In casual study by regression test of the two variables, the time spent on surfing on the internet had the greatest impact.