فصلنامه جامعه پژوهی فرهنگی
سال چهارم شماره 4 (زمستان 1392)

Although generation gap is more visible today، it is very old phenomenon and has been a part of human life. Since the time that humans adopted various ways in their interactions، and social relationships were widely established، differences in internalization of values and norms، caused non-identical socialization، and consequently the generation gap emerged. This study has been done aiming evaluating the generation gap among high school students of Sarab town and its influencing factors. With the aid of Cogran sampling formula، 300 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by five university lecturers of the faculty and the required reliability was calculated with Cronbach’s alpha. The coefficient of the validity for the generation gap is equal to 83/0، which indicates the high validity of the questionnaire. Test، T-test، F، Pearson correlation and regression analysis has been used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed a significant relationship between the religious، cultural، media، economic capital variables، parents'' educational level، age factor، and generation gap. However، the gender variable did not show statistically significant relationship with the generation gap. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that about 21% of the variability is defined by the independent variables of the stu

Using elements of Labov model، this research devotes to analyze intergenerational relationships (i. e. relations between young people and adults with an emphasis on parents) in Iranian TV popular Series which are focused on youth issues as their core theme. Our findings show that three general patterns are represented through these TV Series which are included generational agreements، generational changes (include differences، disturbances and interactions) and hidden or obvious generational gaps. Meanwhile the only one which positively represented attitudes and behaviors of both adults and young people is the generational agreement pattern. Also in other patterns there are some common obvious behaviors such as respectful behaviors of young people toward adults (in spite of their differences in fundamental values) and behaviors indicating good will of adults toward young people are presented as valuable actions. But criticized behaviors just known as the results of individual mistakes of both groups which either would be corrected by advices and helps of adults or would have some bad results. Such an approach toward the intergenerational relationships show that this social important issue has been reduced to the level of an individual issue by Iranian state TV (IRIB) and it seems affected by some general policies dominated in this media organization in representing intergenerational relationships. Such policies emphasize some serious limitations in “categorizing or polarizing members of different generations” and prevention of showing “family fights، contentions and severe conflicts” (even in comedy genre).

A relatively complex issue titled continuity and discontinuity of scientific traditions of middle ages and their influence in the rise of the scientific Renaissance، has been a broad subject for serious dispute among scholars and leading experts of the history of science in the early twentieth century. The problem is that some west scientists believed that the scientific renaissance owes its beginning and birth only to classical science and a chain of modern discoveries and intellectual development and changes in the basic concepts. On the other hand، it emphasized that scientific revolution takes its force and power only from a new concept of nature or new concept of research special method on the secrets of nature. According to this theory ‘the science of the middle Ages’ and in particular ‘the Islamic scientific traditions and continuity and discontinuity and also its role in and impact on the formation of a scientific renaissance’ are absurd. Now the question is that what was scientific place of the middle Ages in the science? Or، in the relatively long period of the middle Ages، that the classical science in the Christian west is in decline، where and at what point of the world، except vast areas of Islamic civilization، this scientific tradition was growing، and finally transferred as the cumulative knowledge to the Christian west? Weren’t western scientists in the Christian west who mastered all the piles of Islamic and Greek scientific works and recourses through scientific and analytical criticism and assessment، and have changed intellectual life of the land? So، the classical science and discoveries and developments of the Renaissance are not the only causes of the scientific renaissance; the scientific continuation of the middle Ages and specially Islamic scientific traditions as an important parts of the fundamentals of scientific renaissance has a special place in this area. I have tried to refer to some elements of Islamic scientific traditions and their continuity in and influence on scientific renaissance

The main purpose of this research was to study the role of family، school and in delinquency of students in Mashhad city. Hirschi''s social bonding theory، Akers’ social learning theory and labeling theory build the theoretical framework of the study. Through this framework، hypotheses and research questions were formulated. The sample size consisted of 400 high schools students in District 5 of Mashhad city، in the academic year 1391-1392، which are selected using a multi-stage stratified random sampling proportional to size. The most important variable which significantly can explain and predict the changes for the destruction of property، state offences، theft، and substance abuse، is the variable of belief. Also the differential association has more power to predict violence than other variables

The present research has been done aiming portray the quality of the representation of youth everyday life in the Iranian TV. The research investigates the representation of youth everyday life in a TV serial titled ‘The Faseleha’ using representation & critical theories. The results show that the serial، based on stereotype technique، encounters youth everyday life through a selective and biased approach، and while classifies youth into traditional and modern groups، the boundary between ‘Us ’ and ‘Them’ is specified. The main and dominant purpose of the serial is to fill the value-based gap between modern and traditional youths، and their idealist fathers. The serial using cultural propagation against youth puts them in a weak position and tends to organize their everyday life. On the other hand، we see that under the dominance of the system over the life-world، the communicative action of the youth actors of everyday life، including traditional and modern youths، with others of their same generation and with social institutions are disturbed. It is interesting to note that each of the social institutions encounters to youth everyday life issues in a similar away.

Although tremendous progress of ICT and its concrete manifestations in the form of new communication tools and practices، has generated profound changes in social life and daily activity of social members، and applying technological achievements in today''s society is inevitable; but familiarity of all different social classes to these new phenomena and their favorites and consequently the prevalence of its use among the community groups has not been the same for various reasons. These differences will bring about the digital division problem. This research was conducted using questionnaires. The sample of this research، using Cochran formula، was 374 patients of 14،507 university students. Based on the results of the research، gender and income aren’t the influencing factors on digital division. Increasing use of computers and Internet has caused the gap to be decreased. This is also true in the case of online participation. In fact، more online people participation through virtual social networks، email، chat، blogs، and so on، causes more digital divide diminishing. The findings show that the computer anxiety increases the digital divide. In addition، the rate of computer anxiety among women is more than men

The present article investigates the privacy among Iranian spouses. Regarding the fact that privacy among spouses is a relatively unknown subject in Iran، and particularity since the problems that lead to conflict among spouses stem from interferences in the affairs of one another، researches which focus on privacy of spouses are necessary in our academic sphere. So the aim of the present research is to find out the boundaries of the privacy among spouses and the elements and contents of the privacy. The findings show that the privacy includes wide range of subjects and matters، and also is relative in general. Also it is found that privacy is the field of interactions and negotiations for some rights and privileges. The outcome depends of two factors: the degree of penetrability (how easy or hard it is to penetrate it); and the degree of intimacy and trust among spouses. They determine whether the relationship moves in the direction of satisfaction or dissatisfaction in the married life. If trust and intimacy between them prevail، the privacy circle is penetrable and a sense of security and satisfaction comes through; and if distrust along prevails and privacy becomes impenetrable، and consequently the feeling of insecurity and dissatisfaction comes through. The former will lead to tranquility and peace among them and the latter to turmoil and unrest