نشریه علوم درمانگاهی دامپزشکی ایران
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 10، پاییز و زمستان 1392)

Serum level of renal indices (Creatinine and Urea), Hepatic enzymes (AST and ALT), Lipid profile (Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL), Glucose, Pancreatic enzymes (Lipase and Amylase) and Serum proteins (Total protein and Albumin) was measured in propofol total intravenous anesthesia.Six clinical healthy dogs (weighed 19.33 ± 7.44 kg) were selected. Anesthesia induced by 8 mg/kg from a 1% propofol solution and maintained by 0.3 mg/kg/min continuous infusion of propofol. A control serum sample was taken 24 hours before anesthesia and serial samples were taken on immediately before anesthesia, minutes 2, 10, 30 and 60 during anesthesia and hours 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 after anesthesia.Triglyceride level (246.16±87.96 mg/dl), cholesterol (315.5 ± 120.39 mg/dl), LDL (140.66 ± 94.23 mg/dl) increased significantly and ALT serum activity (28.16 ± 12.98 U/L) reduced significantly in comparison to zero time. No significant changes recorded in other parameters. Significant changes in serum lipid profile recorded as the main finding of the study that should be considered in sensitive animals.

Lactococcosis is an infectious septicemic disease in fish. In the present study ability of Lactococcus garvieae to adhere to the gill tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was evaluated. The overall objective was to study the interaction between Lactococcus garvieae and rainbow trout during the infection process. Experiments were additionally carried out to assess the influence of water quality (ammonia, nitrate) and temperature on the adhesion process of the bacterial cells. For that purpose, an applied model of experimental infections (gill perfusion model) was adopted, offering a number of advantages compared to other in vitro as well as in vivo models. Bacteriological and histo-pathological results showed that the bacterium is capable of adhering to gill tissue and could be as a portal of entry to body of fish. It was also observed that adherence of Lactococcus garvieae was affected by a number of factors. These were immersion of the gill arches in water to which ammonia and nitrate were added and elevated temperature. All of them increased the bacterial adhesion ability.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effects of Kelussia odoratisma on the wave amplitudes of ECG in Lead II, right ventricular hypertrophy, and the occurrence of broiler pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS). A six-week trial was conducted with 208 five-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments included four levels of 0 (control), 2.5, 5, and 7.5 g/kg of Kelussia odoratisma. Variables tested were wave amplitudes of ECG in Lead II, right ventricular hypertrophy and mortality from PHS. Dietary inclusion of Kelussia odoratisma significantly (P<0.05) increased T wave amplitudes though decreased S wave amplitudes in Lead II of ECG. Feeding Kelussia odoratisma at 5 and 7.5 g/kg improved cardiopulmonary function as reflected in significant (P<0.05) declines in right ventricular hypertrophy index and mortality from PHS. The use of Kelussia odoratisma at 5 and 7.5 g/kg is beneficial in prevention of PHS in broiler chickens reared at high altitude.

Achillea talagonica is a plant which due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-oxidant properties have been applied from ancient times for healing of wounds. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of the Achillea talagonica alcoholic extract for burn wounds healing. It was carried out on 10 adult male New Zealand rabbits. After induction of anesthesia, six burn wounds of deep second degree were made on the back of each animal. The wounds were washed with normal saline and covered immediately by 0.5g of one of the following products: Vaseline gel, Silver Sulfonamide 1%, and 5% Achillea talagonica alcoholic extract mixed with Vaseline gel. The treatments were repeated twice daily until complete healing. To measure the wound area, photographs have been taken from the wounds that have been made in the right side of the back on days 0, 3,7,14 and 21 and average of healing percentage was calculated. Tissue samples were taken on the same days from the wounds on the left side of the back. The wound healing was analyzed and scored based on the reconstruction of epithelium, fibroblast maturation and collagen deposition. Results indicated that average of healing percentage and the reconstruction of epithelium in the experimental groups were significantly higher than control in the days of 7 and 14 (p< 0.05). Furthermore, fibroblast maturation and collagen deposition increased in the experimental groups compared to control in the day 7 (p< 0.05). It could be concluded that Achillea talagonica promotes wound contraction and ameliorate wound healing process.

Bovine leukosis is a viral zoonotic disease that can infect cattle. Blood, secretions, meat, dairy products and biological products may be contaminated with this virus. For this purpose bovine leukosis cases were studied during this 10-years in one of industrial slaughterhouses of Tehran province to thereby identify the factors of increasing incidence of this disease and to present effective ways to reduce it. This study carried out in one of slaughterhouses of Tehran province. Inspections for about 132 leukosis bovine meats in the carcass of slaughtered cows with histopathological examination were conducted. The results were shows that among 132 leukosis cows, all of cases were maternal, over2 years old and mean weight of them were 180 kg. Most of them were in the summer. Most cases were seen in the carcass of the industrial farms (79.5%) and then the traditional farms (20.5%), respectively.In this study was diagnosed some symptoms in carcass of slaughtered cattle such as enlarged lymph nodes (external and internal iliac, deep inguinal and plstronis), heart and other organs with edema. For diagnosis improving and right slaughterhouse assessment and its role in human health, must be trained inspectors in the diagnosis of bovine leukosis properly. In addition histopathological studies are required in the slaughterhouse laboratory. Also control and eradication of diseases in farm seems to be effective in reducing disease

Infertility due to heat stress is one of the great economic problems in dairy industry. Heat stress at the earliest stages of follicular growth can affect the oocyte quality and developmental competence. The objective of this study was to determine factors which may have role to reduce of polyspermy in heat stress condition. For this propose, some changes in sperm concentration, maturation medium, and fertilization medium were done. In first step, three concentrations of sperm (0.5×106, 0.75×106 and 1×106) were selected. Results showed that with decrease in sperm concentration, polysermic rate did not significantly changed (p>0.05). But in 0.5×106 sperm concentration, fertilization rate significantly decreased (p<0.001). So, for next steps 0.75×106 sperm was used. In second experiment, fetal bovine serum in two concentrations (10 or 20%) was added to maturation medium. Result did not show any difference between these two groups in polyspermic rate, normal fertilization, and total zygote (p>0.05). In the next step, adding two different levels of heparin (1 or 10 µg/ml) in fertilization medium was evaluated. The fertilization parameters did not affected by both concentrations of heparin (p>0.05). In last experiment, non-essential amino acid was removed from fertilization medium. Polyspermic rate was reduced to less than 15% in non-amino acid group. The cleavage, blastocyst, hatched blastocyst rates significantly promote in group without amino acid (p<0.05).

Infertility due to heat stress is one of the great economic problems in dairy industry. Heat stress at the earliest stages of follicular growth can affect the oocyte quality and developmental competence. The objective of this study was to determine factors which may have role to reduce of polyspermy in heat stress condition. For this propose, some changes in sperm concentration, maturation medium, and fertilization medium were done. In first step, three concentrations of sperm (0.5×106, 0.75×106 and 1×106) were selected. Results showed that with decrease in sperm concentration, polysermic rate did not significantly changed (p>0.05). But in 0.5×106 sperm concentration, fertilization rate significantly decreased (p<0.001). So, for next steps 0.75×106 sperm was used. In second experiment, fetal bovine serum in two concentrations (10 or 20%) was added to maturation medium. Result did not show any difference between these two groups in polyspermic rate, normal fertilization, and total zygote (p>0.05). In the next step, adding two different levels of heparin (1 or 10 μg/ml) in fertilization medium was evaluated. The fertilization parameters did not affected by both concentrations of heparin (p>0.05). In last experiment, non-essential amino acid was removed from fertilization medium. Polyspermic rate was reduced to less than 15% in non-amino acid group. The cleavage, blastocyst, hatched blastocyst rates significantly promote in group without amino acid (p<0.05).

Mastitis is responsible for serious economic losses in dairy cattle herds. Information about the damages caused by this infection and it’s etiology is of great interest and importance. Therefore, the cross- sectional study designed to assess microbiological and histopathological aspects in suspicious dairy cows with mastitis. One hundred ninety suspicious milk samples from dairy cows in cattle husbandry farms in Ilam were examined by California Mastitis Test (CMT), then positive sample as a mastitis case selected to exam for bacterial agent of infection. Samples contaminated with staphylococcus aureus separated determine their sensitivities against different antibiotics. Twelve tissue samples from cow with mastitis selected randomly for histopathology assess, then were examined by using Haematoxylin and Eosin stain (H&E). Of 190 samples, 56 and 2 had subclinical and clinical symptom, respectively. Of 56 case 11 were positive for staphylococcus aureus. The sensitivity test indicated 91%, 82%, 73%, 73%, 45%, 18%, 0%, and 0% of staphylococcus aureus isolated were sensitive against Enrofloxacin, Trimethoprim, Tylosin, Lincomycin, Tetracycline, Ceftriaxone, Penicillin,and Ampicillin, respectively. Histopathological assess indicated degeneration of epithelial, hyperplasia of epithelium, meteplasia squamous to columnar cells in different part of breast tissue. Meanwhile aggregation and increasing of the Lymphocyte, Macrophage cells inside the tissue was observed. Against Enrofloxacin and Trimethoprim antibiotics was shown more sensivity than the other antibiotics. Distinct reaction including inflammation, and granulomatose was observed in different part of breast tissue.