فصلنامه مطالعات تربیتی و روانشناسی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 3، بهار 1379)

In this article three viewpoints concerning cultural transition, democratic itizenship and social change and their relation to social education are discussed. mportant concepts in the three viewpoint are dealt with and islamic point of view in his domian are presented. All viewpoint and concepts are considered in educational setting

The aims of this study were to compare the influence of the metacognitive knowlege, proportional representation and cognivite strategies on the successful and unsuccessful students's perfotmance in verbal problem solving and to present, in order to enhane the student's problem solving ability

Two questionnaires (1) Beck Depression Inventory and (2) Meaningfulness in Life (Searh for Meaning) were used to gather data from 908 sample students of the total number enroled in high schools in the academic year 1377-1378. The following results were obtained. 1. A negative relaltionship exixts between sense of meaningfulness in life and depression among high school students. This result is consistent with previous studies. 2. There is no differences in the level of sense of meaningfulness and depression in life among urban high schoolers as compared with rural high schoolers. 3. There is no differences in the level of sense of meaningfulness in life among high school girls as compared to high school boys. 4. There is a difference between the level of depression among high school girls as compared to high school boys. 5. The field of study of high schoolers has an influence on the level of depression experienced by them. 6. The field of study of high schoolers has an influence on the level of depression experienced by them.

Since the active participaption of the parents of mentally retarded children in early intervention programs leads to successful implenmentation of these programs, attention to parent's needs takes on substantial importance. Assessment of and attention to these needs will motivatie the family to engage more actively in these programs. The purpose of this study was to indentify and assess the need of parents of mentally retarded children under age six and their priorties regarding these needs. The needs of 152 parents (55 fathers and 97 mothers) were identified and assessed. The results showed that the most important needs of these parents were the need for information, need for support and need for family functioning.

Considering the vitaly important role a manager plays in achieving an organization's predetermined objectives, a searh for choosing the appropriate methods seems to be of major significance. In this research, the supposition is that the manager's attitudes towards human being in relation to their subjects of study at universities have significant differencese. These differences in attitudes concerning human beings have vital bearings on the kind of managerial methods the managers chooses in organizations. In order to control the disturbing causes of elements in the research, the principals of Mashhad's high schools have been focused on, of whom fifty wery chosen for different study groups such as engineering, admisitration, humanities, technology and science, and by means of two evaluation forms that were filled in by 3 principals were fundamental in determining the attitudes of principals. The data concerning manager's attitudes were analyzed. Analysis of variance, correlations, multiple range test Duncan procedure have been used.

The present research is about effective factors in tendency and lack of tendency of high school students, in the seven districts of Mashhad, towards student associtions. Consider to determine how much each factor such as personal, family, coeval and schools, in tendency and lack of tendency towards associations. A sample of 384 subjects were selected randomly and by methods of pps(detcrmining the sample size, proportionate to each class). To collect information, three questionaires were administered as follows: A) For members (to measure effective factors in membership, B) For persons who are not members (to'" determine effective factors in lack of membership), and C) For school's authorities in relations with mentioned factors). The research method in this study is comparative - causality method. The following statistical methods were used: Manvitni's u test, correlation coefficient for observed significant measuring between responses of the two groups, Kroscal Valis for significant measure of difference among the attitudes of school authorities, logistic regression to determine that which one of the mentioned factord have more effects on the membership of subjects in associations. Results of research are as follows: 1) There is significant difference among religious connection (faith in prayer and other devotions) of students who are members and are not members and members of associatios believe more in religious connections. 2) To observe the results and regulations dominant in associations and from their cxsisting facilities which have effect on the membership of subjects than being berrier to it. 3) There is significant relation between personal motives and factors of students who are members and their tendency to association. 4) There is significant relation between the literacy level of parents and tendency of lack of tendency towards assocations and member student's parents are higher literate than others who are not memnbers. ...

This article is the result of a research which has been conducted for Higher Education Planning and the Research Commitee of the Ministry of Cultrure and Higher Education of Iran. The article covers (1) The world's rapid development at the upcoming new century and the necessity of developing higher education plans, programs and activities; (2) The objectives and methods of investigating Canadian higher education experiences; (3) Policy making in the Canadian higher education and the problem of higher education; (4) The Canadian universities management boards and the process of decision-making in higher education; (5) The financial sources and expenses of the higher education in Canada and the province of Ontario; (6) Faculty members of the unviersities and other higher education institutes; (7) Students of the university and other of higher education; (8) Evaluation of the university activities with regard to the evaluative indicator of higher education in Canada. The results of this investigation indicate that the universities and institutions of higher education in the industrially well developed country of Canada are, from a classical point of view, working appropriately, but many Canadian scholars and: evaluation experts are not very satisfied in this concern. They belive that higher education in Canada needs continuous reevaluation and reconstruction. The accountability of higher education under the expanding technological, economical, social, and cultural life of the country, is the most important criteria for evaluating higher education plans and programs. It is most important criteria for evaluating higher education plans and programs. It is needed, therfore, to create suitable new policies for higher education acitivties. Also, what is important for us to Iran from the experience ot the provincial higher education activities in Canada is to compare our own national higher education with the advanced one in Canada and to think obout the necessity of reconstructing and developing higher education activities in Iran.