فصلنامه علوم و فنون بسته بندی
پیاپی 8 (زمستان 1390)

In this study, the usage of starch as adhesives in packaging industry and improving the properties of starch on the development of its applications have been discussed. Starch is widely used in various industries, but in the celluloses packaging industry it can be just used as a coating binder, sizing agent or adhesive industries. In these industries, high print quality, low water absorption and good adhesion of the layers and biodegradable properties of this adhesive, convert the starch to the suitable raw material. Starch adhesive is used for pasting liners, in the corrugating board, bag papers and etc. Today, in our corrugating factories, application of unmodified starch as an adhesive has had many problems. Many researches has been carried out to improving the adhesive properties of starch in order to reduce production cost and increase quality. In this paper, it has been investigated the problems referred to the cases of modified starch. Overall, the usage of biodegradable starch in various industries has an increasingly grow because of its biodegradable properties and different industries can modify its properties in different ways according to their requirements.

In this article, the some application of package have been discussed, which is primary role to maintain and create a calm atmosphere and cause people use the product with standard principles and rules. Dangerous packaging materials where have been seen them with logo, it should be noticed that we must use such packages carfully, so renamed them resistant packaging or hazardous. The widespread of biological and chemical agents not only are available on the battlefield but also there are in urban communities. The development of nuclear technology and the usage of these agents, especially in medical place, caused biological and chemical risks higher than in urban communities. Those operation have done in case of displacement direction of radioisotopes, radioactive waste and shipments of nuclear fuel cycle, are used as the transport of radioactive materials. Annually between eighteen to twenty million packages of radioactive material are trasported around the world. These packages contain of small barrels to heavy cargo which the design, construction and transportation of them should be to protect from the risks of transport in normal and accident conditions.

The Usage of antimicrobial materials for coating meat products, in addition to reducing the microbial population and increase of the quality safety of products, be greatly reduced usage of nitrites as preservatives and synthetic carcinogens. Compounds that have antimicrobial activity can be mixed, stabilized or incorporated with edible coatings. Spices and vegetable extracts are also a group of antimicrobial compounds that can be used in the edible and biodegradable coating. The Application of essential oils because of less toxicity, better availability and degradation compared with other antibiotics and preservatives and also today it is more interesting. In this paper the application of antimicrobial films and coatings in packaging meat products has been emphasized.

It seems that today whole world seems to be wrapped in plastics. Almost every product we buy, most of the food we eat and many of the liquids we drink, come encased in plastics. The environmental impact of persistent plastic wastes is evoking more global concern as alternative disposal methods are limited. Incineration may generate toxic air pollution, and satisfactory landfill sites are limited. Also, the petroleum resources are finite and are becoming limited. Global working on biopolymers was initiated from 1970 in the petroleum crisis time. Those days, developed countries were interested in using special materials for packing purposes which were free from petroleum and its derivatives, so biopolymers has been tested. Starch is an inexpensive hydrocarbon and can be found abundantly in plants. It possess weak polymer properties and can be attained the properties of petroleum polymers by modification. The shape of starch-based utensil is the same as plastic utensil except for being biodegradable. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in interest in biodegradable materials for use in packaging, agriculture, medicine, and other areas.

Today the usage of some compounds as indicator, can be checked changes of the food quality without opening the package. The most important indicators are Indicates that show the level of product quality and freshness. Freshness and temperature - time reagents reflect on extension of the product quality. Indicators show the quality of the product, by physical and chemical changes which will be led to a visual change This article tries to review new freshness and temperature - time indicators according to recent research in this field.

In this study, shelf life properties of tomato powder under effect of air drying temperature were studied. The qualitative determination was observed that acceptance of color, aroma,flavor, and appearance at 70oC is better, so best temperature was 70oC for producing of tomato powder. Tomato powder after drying, were stored into three kind of packaging including thin cellophane, thick cellophane and glass for three months. The result have shown that glass packaging is the best packaging for storage tomato powder.

Many countries have created systems for monitoring food products. However, these systems need paper and label and also, cannot find the origin and final destination of food product. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has the capability of monitoring foods completely and track the mentioned points. This technology also can monitor many food products simultaneously. The usage of this system caused, all information can be recorded about productions and producers. In this study, not only RFID technology and its application has been introduced, but also, its challenges have been evaluated by practical offer and possible solutions.

Nanotechnology in manufacturing of sensors with small dimensions, evaluate a lot of the parameters carefully. The applications of Nanosensors include three important branch in Nan biotechnology (medical, agricultural and food industries). Nan osensors technology as a new science is a powerful substitution for conventional analytical techniques in the field of agricultural sciences. Sensitivity and selection of Nanosensors provide the possible development of special devices for analysis of complex mixtures without the need for immediate preparation of examples. Research and development of these Nanosensors are in the field of health, environmental application, and food industy. Nano-sensor packaging is another types of nanotechnology application in food industrial packaging. These packaging can be evaluated temperature and humidity at different time and give appropriate response to consumer depending on the circumstances. For example, for changing the moisture content the color of container changes. This material may give warning to consumers that the food or agricultural product is corrupt. Application Nanosensors is important in the food industry, in this article Nanosensors applications in food packaging (detection of food pathogens and chemical contaminants and identify chemical toxic in food) have been discussed.