نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال دوازدهم شماره 8 (پیاپی 61، آبان 1393)

Domestic violence is a risk factor for a wide range of health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health status and some socio-demographic determinants in women experiencing domestic violence. This cross-sectional study was done on 196 women referred to a forensic medicine center in Tehran during 2013. Data collected with demographic questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ - 28) and then analyzed using SPSS-PC (v. 16). The value of p<0. 05 was considered as significant level. The mean (SD) age of the women was 30. 02 (6. 35) years. 99% of the subjects had an abnormal GHQ total score. Regarding to GHQ subscales، 99% of participants obtained abnormal score in the social functioning subscale، 99% in anxiety subscale، 92/9 in somatic symptoms، and 88. 8% in the depression subscale. Results also showed there were significant correlation between economic status with social functioning; and between husband''s age and duration of marriage with depression. But the subscales of physical symptoms and anxiety symptoms were not significantly associated with any of these characteristics. The results indicate that victims of domestic violence are in a huge risk of mental disorders، and they need special attentions in this field. So caregivers should pay more attention to these women and refer them to counselors and specialists if necessary.

A safe environment for establishing an electronic health record is one of the priorities of Ministry of Health for all hospitals in Iran. The purpose of this study was to determine security standards, and to evaluate the hospital information systems according to that standards. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Ten teaching hospitals with a hospital information system which were affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were evaluated. The data were collected by using a self-constructed checklist according to the Functional Model of HER, and the interviews with the hospitals IT authorities. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16. The information infrastructure part of EHR functional model consists seven major parts, and security is one of them in which nine sub functions have been defined. The total rate for all security standards was 3/84 ±0/59. The higher rate was for authorization sub function (4/47±0/49), and the lower rate was for patient access management sub function (2/20±0/63). There was a significant relationship between the components rate of security part except for secure data exchange (P=0/002). Considering the low rate of patient access management, it is recommended that HIS users and venders take into account this sub function besides their attention to all sub functions of EHR functional model.

Almost 1/4 of American people are suffering from hypertension, it is often asymptomatic, because of that it was called the silent killer. This study aimed to determine the effect of drinking water on blood pressure and pulse rate in heart failure patients. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 38 hospitalized patients with heart failure, grade 3 or 4, using purposeful sampling. The variables of blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate were measured in four stages respectively: immediately before drinking water, immediately after drinking water, thirty minutes, and one hour after drinking water. All parameters were measured in both lying and sitting position. Mercury sphygmomanometer and stethoscope were applied for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS:19, using repeated measure test. In sitting position, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse rate increased significantly immediately after drinking water, in lying position, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse rate increased significantly immediately after drinking water, but mean arterial blood pressure was decreased significantly one hour after drinking water in standing and sitting positions (P < 0.05). This study showed changes in blood pressure and pulse rate after drinking water, thus further studies are recommended to be done on this field.

Nursing considered as a stressful Job. Job stressors can affect adversely the mental and physical health of nurses. Nurses use different strategies for coping with job stressors. The aim of this study was to determine the role of job stress and coping strategies in nurses mental health status who were employed in Ramsar, Imam Sajjad Hospital in 2011. This is a descriptive analytic study that was done on100 nurses. Sampling was performed by census method, ant the data were collected with a questionnaire including four parts (demographic data, job stressors list, way of coping questionnaire(WOCQ), and general health questionnaire (GHQ-28). In order to analyze the data, descriptive analytical statistics (chi-square, Pearson correlation, and SPSS16 software) had been used. 60% of the nurses had mental health score greater than the cut point of GHQ-28 questionnaire. The most important job stressors were: patient's death observation, high work load, and low income. The result showed a significant relationship between job stresses and nurses mental health status (p<0/000), and it also showed a significant relationship between coping strategies of painful problem solving with all of subscales of mental health. There was a significant relationship between economical satisfaction with anxiety-sleep disorders, and social function.(p<0/05, p<0/000). Job stress is considered as a great risk factor for nurse's health. So teaching effective coping strategies to the nurses, and paying more attention to reduce their job stresses are necessary for health care managers.

Becoming a mother is one of the most important life changing events that a woman experiences. Clearly the birth of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants imposes many challenges for the mothers. There is insufficient information regarding the mother's experiences on the process of becoming a mother when their preterm infants are in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The aim of this study was to explore the women´s experiences of barriers of parenting and coping strategies when their preterm infants were born with a very-low-birth-weight. This study was conducted based on qualitative approach and by focusing on content analysis. 18 mothers were observed and interviewed while their baby was in hospital. The interviews were recorded and printed out. The data were analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundman. MAXQDA2007 was applied to manage the data. The participants’ experience indicated that they experienced barriers in becoming a mother, so they use some strategies to cope with this situation. Merging the "barriers of parenting" and "applied strategies" resulted in extracting a category which was called "establishment of communication". Each category included subcategories. The study led to the understanding of the experiences of mothers of very low birth weight neonates. Becoming aware about the barriers of becoming a mother in women with very-low-birth-weight neonates can help the health care providers, especially the nurses and midwives, to overcome the mentioned barriers, and consequently to improve child care quality.

Tramadol poisoning has dangerous side effects. Considering limited researches on tramadol poisoning, especially in women population, this study tries to investigate the demographic specifications of tramadol intoxicated women in Urmia. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, all tramadol intoxicated women admitted in Ayatollah Taleghani teaching hospital in 2013 were included in the study. The data were collected using a researches’ made checklist. After data analysis, the results were reported as frequency, percent, mean and standard deviation, and frequency tables. Among 175 all the patients referring in 2013, 38 patients (21.7%) were women. The mean age of tramadol intoxicated patients was 22.5 ± 6.9 years. Twenty patients (52.6%) were single. The level of educations in 35 patients (92.1%), were less than or equal to high school diploma. Thirty patients (78.9%) had ingested drugs for suicidal attempt. Tramadol is an opioid drug which is easily accessible and misused in the community. Based on results of the current study, the young and low educated women are also victims of tramadol abuse. Therefore, increasing the awareness of the community about adverse effects of tramadol abuse, and limiting the ease accessibility of patients to the drug may decrease the number and side effects of tramadol intoxication.

Pain is a common and devastating syndrome of cancer affecting patients’ lives probably even more than the cancer itself. There are several studies which have assessed the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions on cancer pain relief; however, the results have been inconsistent. One of the non-pharmacological interventions is healing touch. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was whether therapeutic touch can have an effect on cancer pain relief, and whether it is a safe technique or it has side effects A systematic literature review was performed to answer the above questions. The literature search was conducted on Ovid, Elsevier, PubMed, Google scholar, and CINAHL databases between 1980 and 2013. 503 research articles were found. These articles were reviewed and after reading the abstracts, 12 relevant articles were selected. From among these articles the ones containing clinical trial, quasi experimental, case-control and cohort studies were selected (N=6). Two clinical trials, one quasi experimental, two cohort and one case-control study were found which was performed on 415 patients with cancer. Therapeutic touch seems to be helpful in controlling pain in patients with cancer. The studies did not report any side effects for therapeutic touch; therefore, this technique seems to be safe.

Depressing and anxiety of mother have confounding effect on Mother-Newborn relationship. As Parent-Newborn Bonding is an interactive process which is related to different factors in life, close father-newborn relationship can compensate the failed mother-newborn relationship. Father-newborn bonding mostly occurs after birth in a slow process, and during newborn care. Different factors such as marital satisfaction, age of to-be-father, number of children, and culture affect it. This study tries to investigate Paternal – Newborn bonding and its related factors. In this descriptive study, 100 parents of newborns in Tabriz 29 Bahman Hospital was selected using sampling with proportional allocation. The data were collected using newborn-parent demographic, and John Condon Paternal– Newborn Bonding Questionnaires. They were analyzed using the SPSS software and statistical tests. The mean score of Bonding was 80.54±6.7 that indicates high level Bonding between fathers and newborns. Statistical tests showed significant relationship between Father – Newborn Bonding and birth age (p<0.01) and birth weight (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between Bonding score with other demographic data. In case of the occurrence of premature birth and low birth weight infant, it is better to increase the level of Father-Newborn Bonding score.

Medications errors are important part in threaten patient health system. Medication error can cause seriously problems for patient such as disability death and so on. The determination of these problems reasons and find ways for decreasing them is necessary. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. We randomly selected 215 nurses and asks them to answer the researcher questionnaire. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 15 software. In this study from the viewpoint of nurses the most important causes of medication error were included: shortages of nursing staff nursing burn-out and high workload and nursing unit was the most important unit among them. (3.24 0.91) Holding the educational class for increasing scientific and practical nurses skills and providing suitable occupational atmosphere between the nurses and manager is necessary.

Academic self-efficacy is one of the affective factors in incompetency and emotional exhaustion that students experience when confronting a chronic stress caused by the lack of necessary resources to perform their assigned duties and tasks. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the relationship between academic burnout and academic self-efficacy. In this cross-sectional study, 264 undergraduate students in nursing, anesthesia, operating room and medical emergencies were randomly selected. Demographic-educational information was gathered by using Maslach academic burnout scale, and Zajakova academic self-efficacy scale. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression in SPSS 16 statistical software to analyze the data. The mean (±SD) score of the academic burnout of students participated in the study was 28.52±15.84, and in overall, 24.1% of students had high level of academic burnout. Also the mean (±SD) score of the academic self-efficacy of students was 179.46 ± 47.44 and overall 24.3% of students had high level of academic self-efficacy. Based on the results obtained from univariate logistic regression, all of academic self-efficacy subscales had significant inverse correlation with academic burnout. When these variables were included in the multivariate regression model only communicate confidently outside class performance had significant relation with academic burnout (OR: 0.94 95%CI: 0.89-0/98). Based on our findings, students with higher self-efficacy have less susceptibility for academic burnout and thus strengthening the variable among nursing and paramedics’ college students that usually have a high level of academic burnout can improve their academic performance.