مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 1 (زمستان 1392)

Introduction & Children, with special dietary needs due to growth are significantly at risk for malnutrition. Malnutrition, particularly underweight malnutrition, is one of the nutritional problems in children. This study investigated the prevalence of children underweight 3- 6 years old in the villages of Neyshabur. This cross-sectional study was done in all 3-6 year- old children (1621 cases) in the rural kindergartens of Neyshabur in 1388. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software ver. 16, used t-student, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. This study showed that 576 cases (Prevalence=35.5%) of 1621 children under observation were suffering from underweight, of this number, 330 cases (Prevalence=39%) were boys and 246 cases (Prevalence 31.7%) were girls.This difference was statistically significant (P=0.002). 77.2% of children had mild malnutrition, 20.7% had moderate malnutrition and 2.1% had severe malnutrition.The highest prevalence of underweight was observed in 6- year- old children. According to the results of this study, the prevalence of underweight in children studied in rural areas, especially in boys, is relatively high and appropriate training is essential to be given to parents in the field of proper nutrition in children.

Introduction & The security is one of the basic needs of human and with the deterioration will be lost human comfort. The study was performed with purpose of determine the associated factors with sense of security in students of Shahrekord university of medical sciences. In this descriptive study, 200 students from Shahrekord University of medical sciences were studied simple random sampling. Data collection tool was a questionnaire that researcher made(a=0.81), including demographic characteristic and evaluation questions of security sense(in the 4 aspects). Data were analyzed by using the spss 16 software and significant level of test were considered (P<0.05). 127 girl students (63.5%) were and 73 boy (36.5%). Average age in girls was 22.47 ±2.47 and in boys was 21.82± 2.64. Sense of security in physical health and job security in girls lower than boys significantly. Between age and job security was significant relationship and negative. Except sense of security in interaction with others, other security aspects with semester were significant relationship and negative(P<0.001). Education level of father with a sense of emotional security and sense of security in interaction with others was significant relationship and direct(P<0.05).

Introduction & volatiles compounds are major causes of air pollution that exposure to these compounds can cause a lot of health effects on people. Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene and Xylene (BTEX) are volatiles components of Gasoline that occupational exposures with them cause irreversible effect on the health of people. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk arising from occupational exposure of BTEX on workers in Gasoline refueling stations of Mashhad in order to provide guidelines to control them. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 refueling station in the Mashhad city in 2012. In order to assess the health risk of chemical uses the proposed method by National Institute of Safety and Health in Singapore. Firstly job tasks and work process was determined and risk ranking was calculated in each job task by aid of hazard and exposure rate for any of chemicals. Finally were obtained the risk level for each of the material by Placement of these two parameters in the final equation. The result showed that maximum health risk is primarily related to the pumper and in exposing to benzene (risk=4.5) and in next stage is in unloading Operators with Ethyl benzene. Results showed that workers in Gasoline refueling stations exposed to high levels of vapors BTEX compounds. Using of ways control includes; installation of vapors recovery system, proper maintenance of equipments gasoline refueling and design of chamber for pumper; significantly can be reduces the risk of exposure to these compounds.

Introduction & One of the most common problems in patients with chronic renal failure is sexual impairment and inability. The most common problem in patients is erectile dysfunction. Inability to achieve satisfactory sexual activity causes stress and consequently relationships with others would be affected. The purpose of this study the Quality of Sexual Life of Males with End-Stage Renal Disease in Neyshabur In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 64 male patients in hemodialysis center in Neyshabur (2012) were studied. Data collected by means of International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF5), were analyzed using SPSS15 software and doing descriptive (Frequency, mean, and standard deviation). 87/5% of patients suffered from various degrees of erectile dysfunction; 33/5% with severe impairment, 16/5% with moderate impairment, 12/5% with mild to moderate impairment, 25% with mild impairment and only 12/5% had no difficulty in erection. Unfortunately, despite the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in dialysis patients, psychiatrists and nurses pay little attention to it. In order to prevent such problems, training courses for staff and patients, lifestyle changes and patient assessment of sexual dysfunction are recommended.

Introduction & From World Health Organization’s point of view, health is well-being in terms of physical, social and mental not merely the absence of disease. Public health is the very important factor in the industries if neglecting, its effects on both individuals and organization would be irreparable. This study aimed to assess the general health condition and its effective factors in an industry staff. This was across sectional study and all employees in this industry were recurred or collected by census (n= 110). The demographic questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used for data collection. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS software (Ver.20) and the independent t-tests, ANOVA and Spearman correlation coefficient test.Based on the results, the average score for general health in sub groups of physical disorders was 6.06±2.78, anxiety was 4.01±2.64, social disorder was 11.97±3.98 and depression was 3.30 ±3.74. In these sub groups 67.3%, 82.7%, 7.3% and 85.5% of the subjects were in healthy group. There was no statistically significant difference between the variables of age and work history, and score of public health sub-groups whereas there was a statistically significant difference between the total score of general health and education. Factors such as education can be named as effective factor on the general health condition of employees in this industry. In the present study, a very small percentage of individuals in social disorder sub-groups, were normal. Therefore, by conducting survey and focus in this area and executive decisions positively, we can contribute to increase general health condition.

Introduction & Diabetes is one of the most common glandular diseases in the world. Patient with diabetes are more than other individuals with eye problems, nervous, cardiovascular, renal insufficiency. According to the importance of the subject and high prevalence of diabetes and its complications, the current study was designed and done with the aim of determinants of Prevalence of chronic complications of type 2 diabetes and its related factors in referred diabetes patients to Freydonkenar diabetes center. This is a descriptive-analytical study that was done in referred diabetes patients with type 2 diabetes to Freydonkenar diabetes center and 400 records of patient were selected via randomly method. The research instrument was a self-made check-list including demographic characteristics and diabetes complications. Collected data were analyzed by using SPSS18 and Chi-squared & t test. from 400 Records of patients, 77 patients were (19/3%) males and 323 (80/8%) female 90.5% of the patient suffers from chronic complications of diabetes. 65.8% suffer from neuropathy, 26.8% eye complications, 14.5% renal complications and 38.8 cardiovascular complications and 50.5% other complications. The results showed Prevalence of diabetes complications is high. so we recommended appropriate intervention such as educational intervention for promoting knowledge of the patients and screening for preventing complications of the disease.

Introduction & Job accidents impose many economic and social problems on the society. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of accidents and their relation to epidemiologic factors in the production and exploitation factory of sturgeon in the port of Bandar Turkaman in 2009. This descriptive study used statistical information and accidents report forms in the factory. A two-part checklist was designed. The former part contained the injured person’s profile such as age, sex, education, work experience and marital status, and the latter part contained details related to the accident itselfsuch as the causes, consequences, time and location of the accident. Data were analyzed with the software Excel. The survey results showed that most accident victims (54%) were aged between 50-45 years. The most frequent accidents was happened at 10 a.m. September with a 12.6 percent and January and February, each with 11.7 percent, had the highest frequency of accidents among the months of the year. The most injured organ was the hand with the percent of 79, and as for the type of accidents, cutting (68%) had the highest frequency. Studies showed that many accidents occur in this factory but some job accidents are not recorded because the system for reporting and recording accidents in detail does not exist. It is recommended that all accidents be recorded in accordance with scientific methods and standards recommended by the International Labour Organization classification.

Introduction & Self-medication is one of the most health social problem specially more important in student illustration behavior for society. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude and practice about self medication in student of medical and non medical science in lorestan. This is an analytical and cross-sectional study that carried out on 600 student of medical and none medical in lorestan university in 2013. Sample procedure was systematic random. Data collecting with questionnaire including knowledge, attitude and the checklist of practice health worker about self-medication. For analyzing the data we used the analysis of Variance، Pearson Correlation and considering significant values of P<0/05. The mean age of student of medical and none medical was 22. 9± 2. 2 and 21. 2±2. 4 years respectively and don’t significant difference observed (P=0. 151). The mean knowledge was 84. 8±15. 4 and 61. 5 ±14. 2 respectively and significant observed (P=0. 001). The mean attitude 69. 8±14. 3 and 65. 3±13. 2 respectively and no significant observed (P=0. 365). The mean performance of the medical and non-medical students about self-medication was 86. 1±15. 6 and 68. 3± 13. 1 respectively, which was higher score in medical student and significant difference (p 0. 001). The prevalence of self-medication among the student was very high beside high level of knowledge and attitude therefore a necessarily a program for changing the habits of subject to refer to physician when illness.