مجله مطالعات داستانی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 5، پاییز 1392)

Mythological criticism deals with discovering myths and archetypes and their features in literature. “Khof” (Fear) written by Shiva Arastou’ee is a novel in whose hidden layers archetypal and mythological signs can be identified and analyzing these signs can lead to new readings of the text. The present study aims to identify the mythological and archetypal features of this novel based on mythological criticism. Reading the novel by using this method reveals its symbolic world and moreover shows that one of the major themes of the novel is the metamorphosis of goddesses. Mythological goddess، in the modern world، confronts its masculine facet، metamorphoses and loses its goddesses features. Due to great fear and because of facing the masculine facet of her mind، which is also a symbol of power، the main character of the novel Khof weakness and gradually losses her power and ultimately metamorphoses and turns into a mouse. Keywords: myth، goddess، novel، Khof، Shiva Arastou’ee

Jalal Al-e Ahmad-known writers، known as the Persian style in contemporary fiction، especially short stories. his monograph on travel writing and، as a field of research and has shown his skills translate. This paper is intended to analyze fiction glory، and without prejudice to the ideal world، or utopia and show how open-minded a veteran writer with a day full of ups and downs، and traces the source of the most influential writer، and the construction of clairvoyance، to protest against. In the end it becomes clear that how well he was able adherence to their beliefs، to achieve the aspirations، struggles، and certainly in this respect، writing is the best way he knew. tudy the life of Jalal Ahmad and his works، most notably in the final years، which suggests that he idealism writer، but nevertheless، behind idealism glory، to order the circumstances، effort and consultative in search of the ideal city ideal، there is more to this chapter examines

Structural view to literary works provides more suitable perception of literature nature because of internal text elements and discovering of their connection pattern، And by giving methods of more great literary works can help extending patterns of literary work processing. Among structuralism critics، one group deal with narrative forms and investigation of story element and their combination rules، That among them ''A. J. Greimas'' is suggesting layout that is base on how relation between smallest units. In present study، az kham chambar story as one of its madding component has investigated in the view of greimas. The purpose of choosing this subject is accordance of this theory with this kind literary (story). Structural view to literary works provides more suitable perception of literature nature because of internal text elements and discovering of their connection pattern، And by giving methods of more great literary works can help extending patterns of literary work processing.

Archetype criticism is one of the modern literal theories based on psychological review which has been based on Jung ideas. In this type of criticism، while studying and examining the archetype of a work، it is revealed how they are understood by poem and author. Archetypes which are the products of repeated experiences of human life and have been deposited in the subconscious have been analyzed and examined from different angles and dimensions. Based on these studies، heroic journey is possible in order to achieve the perfection and individuality dream relying on the existence of archetypes in everybody’s life. The present article is aimed to review Boof-e-koor by Sadegh Hedayat from the perspective of archetypal criticism relying on the fundamentals of intellectual basis of Carol Pearson and Hio. K. Marr based on 12 archetypes of awakening the heroes within. The authors try to introduce these archetypes briefly and also show the fictional characters، just like Hoshivar’s characters، manifesting these archetypes، could follow individuation and take heroic journey. The results show that Boof-e-koor is full of archetypes and due to its psychological approach، can be analyzed based on archetypal theories. Reincarnating9 archetypes، Boof-e-koor takes individuation and the fictional characters act as the breeders on initiation.

ebrahim nasrallah is a polestinian contemporary novelist. He has payed attention to polestinian issue in his works named “polestinian comedy” in realistic style. But he in one of the novels of this collection has had diffrente style because he have not followed realisyic pattern of storytelling in plot of the novel. He has displayed non actual events in basis of actual events. And has made plot of the novel on basis of them. The method adoptod follows a stylistic approach that combines description and analysis and aims to answer these tow questions: what kind of narrative pattern or style ebrahim nasrallah has used for display of polestine reals? What are featuers of his narrative pattern and what is his approach in display of these featuers? The results of this study indicate that the writer trying to create harmony between content and form، innovative، contemporary Arabic novel has to spend. His work among the folk beliefs of the people with magical realism art has established a link.

“Dashthaye Soozan” Novel is a semi-historical novel by Sadegh Karamyar in which reality and imagination are mixed in an attractive and interesting way. Karamyar describes the behaviors and actions of historical and novel characters with simple literature while narrating phenomena that has happened in a specific era in Iran. There many characteristics in this novel so here we study Karamyar’s characterization. The method is descriptive-analytical and shows that shows that Karamyar has created an attractive narration via using a dynamic and acceptable theme with the help of suitable characterization. He chooses his characters very carefully، enter them gradually and bring them out after playing their role. Most of the novel characters are introduced indirectly via dialogue and action. Various characters such as main، minor، static، dynamic and comprehensive ones are seen and this variations plus historical characters has made Karamyar’s narration more interesting.

Islamic revolution of Iran is one of the most effective factors in cultural-historical alternation of Iran that in accompany with fundamental changes (reconstruction) in political، social، and intellectual domains (etc)، also literary system of country evolved and impressed. Indeed one of the outstanding and superior signs in basic change and reconstruction was increasingly the presence of women in creating literary works (particularly literature of contemporary storied). Since novel is one the most important part of literary genres (that is proportional with spirit governance over the world of contemporary mankind and include in literary speeches (discourse and sayings) of society)، in recognizing the intellectual route of women is very important. Paying attention to the value of recognizing intellectual literary progress and being familiar with dominant speeches (or marginal) in Iranian society، this inquiry (with analytic and hermeneutic approach) attempts to rely on titles of women’s novel after revolution، classifying the most important intellectual-literary flows (course and progress) and discourse that superintendent on them. According to results of this study، presence course of women novelists in society was ascending and increasing; classifying and analysis of titles in this novel shows tendency of women novelists in choosing the public and romantic titles. At the next step headings that are joint with feministic and women tendency shows identifying and legitimating in narratives.