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Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Volume:5 Issue: 5, Oct 2014

Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Volume:5 Issue: 5, Oct 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/10/08
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
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  • Ahmad Shamsizadeh, Roya Nikfar*, Maedeh Katanbaf Page 1
    Background
    Hepatitis A is the most common type of hepatitis in developing countries with a wide range of clinical features..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical findings and epidemiologic characteristics of children with hepatitis A in in the southwest part of Iran.. Patients and
    Methods
    A total of 105 patients with hepatitis A (53 males and 52 females) were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients was 7.02 years (range, 4 months to 13 years). The majority of patients (81.9%) were in the age group of two to ten years. The disease occurred more frequently in summer and spring (71.5%). In a retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of all children with acute hepatitis A (positive anti-hepatitis A virus IgM) who had been admitted to the main children’s hospital in Ahvaz, southwest Iran from March 2005 to March 2010. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21..
    Results
    The main clinical findings included jaundice (80%), vomiting (75.2%), fever (62.8%), and hepatomegaly (37.1%). The mean of the paraclinical parameters were as follows: ALT, 22.38 μkat/L; AST, 19.40 μkat/L; and bilirubin, 179.60 μmol/L. Mean duration of hospital stay was 4.7 days. All patients cured with supportive therapy. There was not any case of fulminant hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, or death. Hepatitis A was a relatively common disease in children in Southwest Iran..
    Conclusions
    The disease is more prevalent in children younger than ten years. The prognosis is excellent with low mortality and morbidity..
    Keywords: Child, Epidemiology, Hepatitis A, Iran
  • Behnam Karami Rad *, Yadollah Zargar, Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand Page 2
    Background
    Emotions are part of the human nature and are considered as one the necessities of human life. However, if left uncontrolled or unregulated, they will create problems for the individual and others..
    Objectives
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on alexithymia of male students with high levels of alexithymia..
    Materials And Methods
    The statistical population consisted of undergraduate male students enrolled at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz between 2012 and 2013. Samples were selected via two stages by using the random cluster multistage method. The first stage involved distributing and collecting 623 measures of alexithymia (TAS-20) in the form of a multi-stage cluster between students and also selecting 40 individuals from those with scores of a higher standard deviation than the average in this scale. The second stage consisted of selecting 30 individuals who possessed the criteria for entering the groups. The test group after eight training sessions (two times a week) and the control group without any intervention simultaneously completed the post-test. For data analysis, analysis of univariate covariance (ANCOVA) was used..
    Results
    Statistical analysis showed that emotional intelligence training affected male students with alexithymia (Eta2 = 0.77 and P < 0.0001 and F = 92.27) and the mean score of emotional alexithymia related to the experimental group reduced from 67.80 to 51.60..
    Conclusions
    According to these findings, emotional intelligence can be taught in order to reduce the level of students’ alexithymia and improve emotional problems in individuals with high alexithymia..
    Keywords: Alexithymia, Emotional Intelligence, Students
  • Mohammad Hassan Bazafkan, Ameneh Hardani *, Mohammad Reza Afzal Zadeh, Ashraf Amir Zargar, Najme Moradi, Nasrin Jalali Page 3
    Background
    For many centuries, the human has made a lot of efforts to determine sex ratios in different species and has proposed various theories. In this regard, the effect of several plants on sex ratio (female to male) has been examined, but an empirical research about the effect of aqueous extracts from the leaves of celery on the sex ratio has not been carried out yet..
    Objectives
    Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of celery extract on the delivery rate, sex ratio, and the number of newborns in female rats..Patients and
    Methods
    A total of 45 adult Wistar rats (15 Males and 30 Females) were prepared. The rats were divided into 3 groups; a control group and the 2 other experimental groups received celery extracts at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg of their body weight. The extract was given orally to the female rats by gavage for 15 consecutive days. For mating, each male rat was placed with two female rats in separate cages for five days. After delivery, the percentage of rats that gave birth, as well as the number and sex ratio of the newborns were determined. The results were analyzed using SPSS version, 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Tukey test, and post hoc LSD..
    Results
    The results showed that aqueous extracts of celery have significantly increased the mean percentage of delivery rate (extract, and control were 100 ± 60 vs. 60 ± 0.16, respectively), the average number of newborns (extract, and control were 7.8 ± 1.2 vs. 3.5 ± 1.2, respectively) and the mean sex ratio (male to female ratio) of newborns (extract and control were 1.26 ± 0.37 vs. 0.81 ± 0.13, respectively) (P ≤ 0. 05)..
    Conclusions
    The extract contains substances that are effective on the delivery rate, sex ratio, and the number of newborns in the female rats. It may affect through the ionic changes in the rats, by modifying the activity of follicle-stimulating and testosterone hormones, and/or changing the rate of fertilizing ability of sperms containing Y chromosome. This phenomenon may also be due to lowering serum fats, acidity levels, and accordingly reducing the acidity of the uterus secretions.
    Keywords: Apium Graveolens, Sex Ratio, Female Rat
  • Yousef Dehghani, Mostafa Dehghani * Page 4
    Background
    Drug dependence is one of the major problems in today’s world which has turned into a serious, concerning threat due to its destructive and preventive effects on the development and prosperity of the society..
    Objectives
    The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of social skills training on tendency to addiction among high school female students of Ahvaz city..Patients and
    Methods
    The population of this study consisted of all female students in Ahvaz city high schools, who scored one standard deviation higher than the mean in the zargar addiction potential questionnaire. Out of them, 40 students were selected by random sampling method and classified into two experimental and control groups (20 persons in each group). Eight treatment sessions were scheduled for the experimental group. In these sessions, social skills such as assertiveness, anger management, and communication with others were instructed to the group whereas, the control group received no training. Evaluation device wasscattere zargar addiction potential questionnaire..
    Results
    The results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test showed that there was a significant difference between the tendency to addiction reduction scores in control and experimental groups (P < 0.01). The results indicated that training the social skills were effective to reduce the tendency to addiction reduction in high school female students of Ahvaz..
    Conclusions
    Teaching the appropriate social skills is effective in reducing the tendency to addiction among the students..
    Keywords: Social Work, Addictive Behaviors, Narcotic, Drugs
  • Masoud Babaei, Seyed Abbas Hosseini, Baqer Rigi-Khas, Mohammad Khayatzadeh-Mahani * Page 5
    Background
    Children with Cerebral palsy need to be cared like other children, the same as other children do. Usually the primary caregivers of children are their mothers who experience several problems due to this prolonged care..
    Objectives
    This research aimed to investigate the effect of education of the correct ways of carrying and positioning to mothers of children with cerebral palsy on mothers’ quality of life (QOL)..Patients and
    Methods
    This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 20 mothers of children with cerebral palsy who were referred to rehabilitation centers of Ahvaz school of rehabilitation sciences. They were randomly assigned to two groups of ten. The correct ways of carrying and positioning were instructed in two sessions to experimental group and then QOL in both groups was assessed at baseline, after second session, and after four weeks. The data were analyzed by the SPSS version 16..
    Results
    The mean differences in three domains of QOL including the physical health, psychological health, and environmental health, were significant between groups (P < 0.05). The difference in scores of social relationships domain was not significant between groups (P > 0.05)..
    Conclusions
    Since the difference between groups was significant in three domains of QOL, it can be concluded that the training could influence the QOL of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Training the parents by experts is recommended..
    Keywords: Cerebral Palsy, Mother, Quality of Life, Lifting, Patient positioning
  • Abdolali Shariati, Mohsen Aghamollaee, Sedighe Fayazi *, Mahin Gheibizadeh Page 6
    Background
    Unrelieved pain after surgery can lead to increased postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay and delayed recovery. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has emerged as a standard technique to manage acute postoperative pains..
    Objectives
    The current study aimed to compare the effect of PCA and routine method on Intensity of post-operation pain in abdominal surgeries..Patients and
    Methods
    It was an interventional study conducted on thirty patients admitted to Amir-al-momenin Hospitalin Ahvaz, Iran, in 2009. About 60 patients participated in the current study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group used PCA devices and the control group received the routine pain relief protocol. Measurement tools were demographic characteristic questionnaire, check list of vital signs and adverse effects and visual analog scale (VAS). Vital signs, pain severity, drug consumption and adverse effects were assessed every six hours during 24 hours after surgery. Then data were analyzed by SPSS version 16,χ2, and t-test.
    Results
    There was a significant difference between the mean of pain severity and the amount of medications used by patients after surgery (P≤0.001). But there was no significant difference between vital signs and side effects between the two groups..
    Conclusions
    These findings indicate the usefulness of PCA compared to the routine methods on pain relief after operation.Therefore this method can be recommended to alleviate postoperative pain..
    Keywords: Surgery, Postoperative Pain, Patient, controlled Analgesia, Iran
  • Sahand Jorfi *, Abbas Rezaee, Nemat Alah Jaafarzadeh, Ali Esrafili, Hamideh Akbari, Ghasem Ali Moheb Ali Page 7
    Background
    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistence organic chemicals with proved carcinogenic and mutagenic hazards. These compounds are usually adsorbed in soils in vicinity of oil and gas industries. Bioremediation of PAHs contaminated soils is difficult due to hydrophobic nature of PAHs..
    Objectives
    The main purpose of the current study was to determine the pyrene removal efficiency in synthetically contaminated soil, using biosurfactant..
    Materials And Methods
    Four pure bacterial strains capable of pyrene degradation were isolated from contaminated soils via enrichment techniques. The soil samples were spiked with an initial pyrene concentration of 500 mg/kg and subjected to bioremediation using a mixed culture comprised of previously isolated strains, in addition to application of biosurfactant during 63 days..
    Results
    The pyrene removal efficiency in samples containing biosurfactant, without biosurfactant and controls, were 86.4%, 59.8% and 14%, respectively, after 63 days. The difference of pyrene removal efficiency between the biosurfactant-containing samples and the ones without it was significant (P < 0.05)..
    Conclusions
    Application of rhamnolipid biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly improved pyrene removal in contaminated soils..
    Keywords: Bioremediation, Soil Pollution, Pyrene, Biosurfactant
  • Mahmoodreza Panahi Bazaz, Farideh Sharifipour *, Mohammad Malekahmadi, Maryam Hajizadeh Page 8
    Introduction
    Epithelial rejection typically begins in a linear pattern from the periphery of the graft and progresses centripetally. Here in, we reported a patient with a new presentation of corneal epithelial graft rejection..
    Case Presentation
    A 23-year-old man presented with blurred vision two months after penetrating keratoplasty..
    Conclusions
    Slit lamp examination revealed sharply demarcated, diffuse epithelial opacity in corneal graft with peripheral sparing and clear cornea in between suture lines. Epithelial rejection responded to corticosteroid therapy..
    Keywords: Penetrating Keratoplasty, Corneal Transplantation, Graft Rejection
  • Leila Amirmohseni, Morteza Nasiri Page 9
    Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is considered as one of the main causes of hospitalization in diabetic patients, which can lead to infection, gangrene, amputation, and even death if the necessary care is not provided. Based on the recent investigations, one of the most effective tactics to manage diabetic foot ulcer is to form a multidisciplinary team including a general practitioner, a nurse, an educator, podiatrists, and some consultants. Although all team members play their own important roles in reduction of DFU and amputation incidence, the role of nurses seems to be more essential. In the developed countries, the diabetes nursing is divided into several categories which one of them is diabetic foot specialist nurse. Totally, these specialists play an effective role in prevention, care, and rehabilitation of the patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Today, the specialist nurses provide effective foot ulcer management and treatment in many countries; however, these specialists, in some developing countries such as Iran, highlight a lack of specialist training as an obstacle to effective healthcare provision. Therefore, the current study aimed to emphasize on the important role of specialist nurses in the improvement of patients with diabetic foot ulcer to encourage the authorities in order to take appropriate strategies..
    Keywords: Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Amputation, Diabetic Foot, Nurse Specialist