فصلنامه زن و جامعه
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 18، تابستان 1393)

This paper seeks the perceptions and meanings of trust in spouse in virtual space by inductive and exploratory approach among the women living in Yazd. Research method was Qualitative with Grounded Theory. Data was collected through focus groups and in-depth semi-structured interviews in 2014. A Sample of 22 women was selected through theoretical sampling. In addition، the information shared on social networking sites such as Facebook، Viper and etc. formed another source for our study. After coding the data، categories were adjusted in the form of three main questions of research from the perspective of the women: the women''s perception of phenomena (Central issues: mental calmness and sincerity of speech and action)، effective factors on the phenomena (central issues: matching words and deeds; emotional and moral relations، understanding and characteristics of partner) and strategies for dealing with it (the central issues: protests، disturbances in relationships and trends in social relationships، anxiety، doubt and worry and positive and logical dealing). Then paradigmatic models were drawn. The result of analysis and exploration of interviews was 282 Concept، 94 categories and 9 central issues.

The elderly population the in the world is increasing and our country is not an exception with regard to this matter. Leaving the elderly to nursing home shows an ascending trend. Moreover behavioral and psychological disorders are more prevalent among the elderly in the nursing home. Regarding this important issue، the present research was performed with the aim of evaluation of hope therapy effectiveness on happiness increases and life satisfaction among the elderly women resided in the nursing homes. The current research is a semi experimental pretest-posttest style with control group. The community of the research includes all the elderly resided at Amin elderly center of Boroujen from whom 30 people are selected and replaced by random in two experimental and control groups. Then the Oxford happiness and Diener life satisfaction questionnaire were completed for each group. The hope therapy program was performed during 8 sessions for 1:30 hours while no intervention was done in the control group. After finishing the sessions of hope therapy program، the posttest was performed. The results of accumulated data showed that hope therapy education approach meaningfully increases the happiness and life satisfaction in the experimental group in the comparison with control group.

Nursing plays a vital role in a health care system. Realities of today''s nurses in Iran like the remarkable presence of women in this profession cause the experience of high levels of work – family conflict. Current study attempts to determine the organizational and psychological factors affecting on the work – family conflict among married female nurses working in Shiraz private hospitals. Necessary data was collected through a combined questionnaire that has been filled out by a sample of 214 people. The sample was selected from a statistical population of 481 by using a multi-stage methodology (cluster، stratified and random sampling). Data were analyzed using LISREL 8. 50 through path analysis and Goodness–of–Fit–indices. Findings from path analysis indicate that supervisors’ support reduces the role conflict and role ambiguity as well as work – family conflict. Job involvement has a similar effect on the role conflict and role ambiguity، but it has direct relationship with work–family conflict. This study also found that role conflict and role ambiguity increase work–family conflict. Results demonstrate that selecting appropriate supporting policies by supervisors directly and indirectly decreases work–family conflict (through role conflict and role ambiguity). It should be noted that although indirect effect on work – family conflict of job involvement is negative، but the magnitude of this effect is not strong enough to make the total effect negative.

Entrepreneurial teaching is a policy that influences on quality and quantity of supplying the entrepreneurs within a society. That is why the governments attempt to actualize people’s potential abilities، in many countries especially in advanced countries in which barriers and difficulties are partly obviated. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the curriculums about entrepreneurial quick return plans on Mazandaran female entrepreneurs. Statistical population in this research includes 850 persons of Mazandaran female entrepreneurs. Due to particular limitations of data collection، 120 persons were selected as a sample. A questionnaire is used for data collection، and data analysis was done by SPSS and LISREL software. The results of T-test demonstrated that the effectiveness of entrepreneurial curriculums and all studied dimensions (provoking motivations، nurturing features and training skills) are not placed in desirable status. But the results of the structural equation model confirmed the totality of models and showed a significant relationship between components and the effectiveness of the entrepreneurial curriculums. Finally، it is suggested that managers pay more attention to the quality of their own curriculums to increase the effectiveness and quality of these curriculums

In mystics'' view، all creatures in this world are the representatives of divine names; therefore the women are the symbols of God’s names and attributes. The mystics know the woman as divine، epiphany beauty and the name of lord. Ibne Arabi has a specific idea about women due to being the mirror of Divine’s beauty. saying the prophet Hadith «I like three things of your world، women، fragrant (good smell) and praying which is the delight of one’s eye»، he argues that its hermeneutic interpretation somehow shows the real status of a woman and he considers loving a woman as attainment to mystics'' perfection and the Divine’ s love. This study attempts to verify women’s real statusfrom the perspective of Islamic mysticism and mystical literature. Ibne-Arabi discusses the woman''s spiritual degree more than others. In fact، this article surveys some subjects of Ibne-Arabi and some evidences of Masnavi about woman’s dignity. The author has tried to clarify one of the mental relationships between Moulana and Ibne-Arabin comparatively and descriptively.

This article is based on descriptive research and survey. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of female educational coaches in Darab city at high schools from the aspects of science، religion، modeling، leisure time، interaction with students and attitudes of the administrators، teachers and educational coaches towards them. Statistical population in this study was included all female high school staff in Darab. A sample size of 120 people selected and studied by cluster sampling was calculated by Morgan table and finally 101individuals participated in this study. The data was collected by a questionnaire of 24 questions fitted by the above criteria. Available scientific sources and the experts'' opinions were used to assure content validity. The reliability of questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach''s Alpha coefficient estimated 0. 86. The data was analyzed by statistical mean، standard deviation، T- test، analysis of variance، correlation and multiple regression analysis cases were analyzed. The results showed that educational coaches have low assessments in the indicators of practicing their duty، scientific status، satisfaction، religious information and attitudes with skewed levels 0. 245، 0. 182، 0. 175، 0. 093 and 0. 013 respectively. These results are significant in the level of P <0. 000. Moreover، managers had a more positive assessments from scientific performance than their own coaches (P <0. 025).

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group training on unrealistic relationship standards and marital intimacy of women. The method of research was quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest with control group design and random assignment was used. The research population was all women referred to the Family Counseling Center of Welfare in Harsin city after the public announcement of holding the training period، 30 members qualified for participating were selected and with simple randomly sampling 15 members in the experimental group and 15 others in the control group were replaced. The experimental group received 90 minute cognitive behavioral group training in 8 sessions. All participants completed the inventory of specific relationship standards and intimacy scale in pretest post-test stage. Findings showed that significant difference in post-test between groups (experimental and control) and effect of cognitive behavioral training in reducing unrealistic relationship standards as well as increasing marital intimacy. Results showed that reducing unrealistic relationship standards by training components of cognitive behavioral approach enhances marital intimacy among women.

Marital adjustment is regarded as one of the important factors in family studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital adjustment and Islamic lifestyle. 150 students'' parents of Isfahan University were selected by cluster sampling who filled out the Islamic lifestyle questionnaire (ILSQ) and short form of Spanier''s couple adjustment questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical method (correlation، regression، t-test and structural equation). The results of structural equation modeling showed that the Islamic lifestyle has a significant impact on marital adjustment. Also the results of the regression model indicated that structural and behavioral aspects of Islamic lifestyle can significantly predict the marital adjustment. In addition، there was a significant positive correlation between Islamic lifestyle aspects and marital adjustment. Therefore couples'' marital adjustment will improve in the case of practicing Islamic commandments in their lifestyle.