مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 35 (زمستان 1393)

Myocardial infarction has disability and crippling nature that severely affected to quality of life of patients'' with myocardial infarction. Quality of life is one of the predictors of mortality and morbidity prevalence in affected patients. The present research was accomplished to determine the quality of life scores'' of myocardial infarction patients and related factors on it. In this cross sectional study، 350 elderly patients with myocardial infarction were selected by two-stage sampling method that admitted to chosen teaching therapeutic hospitals in Tehran city in the year 2013. Data collection tool consisted of two parts including demographical information and 36-item short form of general quality of life. Among eight domains of quality of life، social functioning domain with mean and standard deviation 66. 71±25. 77 and restriction in role playing domain with mean and standard deviation 20. 50±25. 86 had highest and lowest scores، respectively. Quality of life score among females than males in the majority of sub-domains were statistically lower (P<0. 05). Covariance analysis was showed that there were statistically differences among disease severity and quality of life sub-domains (P<0. 05). The results of the study showed that different domains of quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction are undesirable. Therefore، concentration and attention in the nursing care in order to ameliorate and improve the quality of life for these patients appears necessary.

Identifying of the unmet needs of patients suffering from cancer can provide the opportunity for need-based individual care plan. Meanwhile, the depression is a risk factor for reduced survival in cancer patients and also is known as an important factor in the treatment adherence, but can be managed by the patient. Therefore, this study aimed to identify unmet needs and its relationship with the management of depression in patients suffering from cancer. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study. The study included 360 cancer patients admitted to Omid hospital in Mashhad. Data were collected from February 2014 until June 2014 by Census sampling. The data was gathered by three questionnaires including the demographic information, the Survivor Unmet Needs Survey and the self- management of depression. To determine the measures validity, factor analysis method was used And Alpha Cronbach were calculated to examine reliability of the measures. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and Data analysis was performed by ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis statistical tests. 51.1% of patients were male and 48.9% were women.The majority of participants, 6.80% were married, 7.66% were employed and 9.26% had high school or college education. Most of participants had colon cancer were 17.8%, stomach cancer 13.6% and lung cancer 4.9% respectively. The highest unmet needs score was belonged to concern about work and financial needs with an average of (47.2±0.95), and the other unmet needs were belonged to information needs (2.44±0.95), needs for access and continuity of health care (2.34±0.98), coping and sharing needs (2.06±0.93), and emotional needs (1.98±0.92) respectively. There was a significant and reverse correlation between the total score of unmet needs and the score of depression management (r=-0.26; P<0.001). Nurses and other health workers are needed to determine the unmet needs of patients and plan their care based on the priorities of the patient's needs. However, they need to pay more attention to the role of the patient's management of depression in the amount of the unmet needs.

Hospitalization in the Closed doors intensive care unit actually separate patients from family and due to anxiety among their family. Telephone connection looks restrictions on time and place and decreased the separation between family and patient. This study aim to assess the impact of telephone notification by nurse on anxiety level of family in intensive care unit of Imam Hospital of Ilam province. This before-after semi-empirical study conductedamong the family of hospitalized patientsin intensive care unit of Imam Hospital in Ilam province. 35 members selected through non-probability sampling method. Data was collectedthrough self-reporting by the anxiety and socio demographics questionnaire before the intervention and after of each phone call for three days. Content validity and reliability of the questionnaire were provided. Cronbach Alfa and intra-class correlation coefficient were 0.96 and 0.85 respectively. According to Wilcoxon test our findings showedthe significant differencesof level of anxiety among subjects before and after calling for every days. There were significant differences among them by gender and marital status (P<0.001). According to results, it is recommended that this technology placed in realm of care-education for nurses.

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic disorders affecting more than half of menstruating women that interferes with daily activities. This study investigated the effect of aromatherapy massage on a group of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences students who are suffering of primary dysmenorrheal. This study is a clinical trial that conducted on 100 students with primary dysmenorrhea who were educating in Iranshahr. Group 1 received aromatherapy abdominal massage once daily for seven days prior to menstruation using the essential oils (cinnamon and lavender in a base of almond oil). Group 2 received the same intervention but with placebo oil (almond oil).Severity of pain was compared in pre intervention cycle and two cycles post intervention in both 2 groups. Results were analyzed by SPSS through chi square and t-test in 0.5 level of significancy. The mean of dysmenorrhea severity was not significant in pre intervention cycle between two groups (P=0.3), but pain reduction in each two cycles after interventions in both groups was reported. This reduction was more in group 1 (cinnamon and lavender) and it was more significant in two cycles (P<0.05). These results suggests that aromatherapy is effective in alleviating menstrual pain. Aromatherapy can be provided as a nonpharmacological pain relief measure and as a part of nursing care given to girls suffering of dysmenorrhea.

In recent years, prevalence of heart failure (HF) and rate of hospitalization have been increased. Increased patient compliance in relation to treatment regimens is of the effective approaches in prevention of heart failure and increasing patients’ surveillance. This study was designed to determine heart failure patients’ compliance with treatment regimens and related factors contains health belief and knowledge. A descriptive-correlational study was designed and 300 patients with chronic heart failure completed the study’s questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 4 sections of “demographic and clinical variables”, “revised heart failure compliance questionnaire”, “heart failure knowledge scale”, and “heart failure belief scale”. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods (chi-square, Pearson correlational coefficient, independent t test, ANOVA, logistic regression) in SPSS v.12. Majority of study subjects (77.7%) did not comply with treatment regimens, and mostly (88.8%) had very low knowledge of heart failure. Study results showed that there are significant relationship between compliance and education (P=0.00), occupation (P<0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (P=0.00), heart failure class (P=0.00), knowledge (P<0.01) and patients belief in their treatment regimen (P<0.01). In this study, compliance with medication, sodium restriction, and appointment-keeping was high. Majority of patients had very low knowledge of their own disease and heart failure regimen. Emphasis on self-care strategies (like daily weighing) and explaining to the patient about reactions to weight gain and attention to self-control (like compliance with a flexible diuretic diet); to prevent worsening symptoms of heart failure is particularly important. Interventions must be in line with patients’ experienced problems.

With respect to importance of comprehensive assessment of chronic pain in the elderly, accessing to a presice questioner for chronic pain related restriction assessment is essential for effective chronic pain management. Hence, the current study aimed to development and psychometric evaluation of chronic pain related restriction questioner in the elderly. This study is a mixed method research, which implemented in three stages for development and psychometric evaluation of a questioner for chronic pain related restriction assessment in older people. The grounded theory approach was applied for chronic pain related restriction concept exploration in the first stage based on 30 elderly people with chronic pain, 3 relatives and 29 health care providers viewpoints participated with purposive and theoretical sampling methods. At the second stage, questioner sentences were extracted and developed by qualitative part results and review of the valid and related litherature respectively. Methodological approach was applied for psychometric evaluation of that in the third stage based on face, content, and constructs validities, internal consistency and stability reliabilities. Chronic pain related restriction concept was explored at the first stage. Based on participants’ viewpoints in the qualitative part of study, chronic pain related restrictions was means that a collection of disorders such as reducing activity, increasing dependency, disturbing physically, mentally and socially well-being which leads to reducing quality of life for seniors and their families and on the other hand, could createing too many problems in the treatment and caring of the elderly.Elementary questioner with 49 sentencess was developed at the second stage. During the third phase of the study, face and content validities as quality and quantity methods (content validity index average=0.92) were performed respectively. More over, construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis, and instrument sentences were decreased to 21 item, in which three factors were obtained, as in the first factor (indoor activity restrictions) including 7 items, in the second factor (outdoor activity restrictions) with 8 items and in the third factor (therapeutic restrictions) with 7 items, situated respectively. Finaly, internal consistency (α=0.89) and stability reliability by test-retest (0.94) were determined for reliability evaluation. With respect to precise development process and suitable validity and reliability of chronic pain related restriction assessment questioner, its application for pain related restriction assessment and effective pain management in the elderly will be suggest for health care providers team and researchers.

Ischemic heart diseases account for 46% of causes of death in Iran. To improve the health behaviors of patients with this disease, cognitive-behavioral factors such as self-efficacy can be considered. However, results of previous studies about associated factors with self-efficacy of patients with ischemic heart diseases are inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the level of self-efficacy and its related factors in patients with ischemic heart diseases referred to selected hospitals of Isfahan. This descriptive correlational study was performed on 100 patients with ischemic heart diseases hospitalized in cardiology wards of Shahid Chamran and Alzahra hospitals of Isfahan. The statistical analysis of data using descriptive and analytical statistics was performed in SPSS software version 16. The range of self-efficacy score in patients was 0 to 64 with mean score 35.28±17.48. 63% of patients had high level of self-efficacy. Although the results of chi-square test found no significant relationship between age and gender with level of self-efficacy in patients with ischemic heart diseases, but the results of the multiple logistic regression model showed that self-efficacy is greater in younger people (P=0.047), men (P=0.00) and in those with a history of regular participation in screening programs (P=0.03). The results of this study showed that age, gender and regular participation in routine screening are associated factors with self-efficacy in patients with ischemic heart diseases. According the incidence and importance of ischemic heart diseases, is recommending the necessity of strengthen the self-efficacy as an essential factor in improving patients health behaviors with using strategies such as targeted education and regular follow-up.

The present study has focused on investigating the relationship between cultural intelligence and job performance with life quality of nurses in Kermanshah hospitals. This study was cross correlation. The populations of the study included all nurses of Kermanshah city who are about 2500 individuals. The sample 330 nurses were collected using Morgan Table. The participants were given ANG cultural intelligence questionnaire, Paterson job performance, and the life quality questionnaire of the World Health Organization. The findings showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between cultural intelligence and job performance of the nurses. There is a positive and meaningful relationship between cultural intelligence and life quality. There is a positive and meaningful relationship between job performance and life quality of nurses. There is not a meaningful relationship between job performance and life quality of male and female nurses. Cultural intelligence helps people to be sensitive to other cultures, to be able to connect and communicate with people of other cultures in an appropriate way and to have the ability of analyzing new cultures with which they interact.

Emotional Intelligence plays a key role on motivations and creation of effective communication through the efficient management and excitement employment. This study was conducted to determine relationship between emotional intelligence score and demographic information of students from Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This study is a descriptive cross sectional correlational study performed in 2013 in Nursing and Midwifery Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The population of this research were 69 freshman semester one nursing students selected through the convenience sampling method. The data were gathered through the self-report method using a particular questionnaire. The questionnaire applied in this work consists of two parts: demographic information and a 41-item questionnaire of the revised Farsi Shateh emotional intelligence designed in 5 part Likert’s scale. Validity of the questionnaire was simultaneously and its reliability was satisfied through estimating the correlation coefficient between two tests (r=0.75) and internal consistency of the test questions (α=0.89) in the study conducted by Beshart (2007). Data derived from 69 questionnaires were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, and chi-square and Z tests extracted by SPSS v.16 software. The mean emotional intelligence score and standard deviation of the students was obtained as 3.72 and 0.364, respectively. Students with diploma GPA below 17 had higher emotional intelligence score as compared to students with minimum diploma GPA of 17 (P<0.05). Moreover, no statistically significant relationship was observed between emotional intelligence score and variables including age, gender, career, housing condition, and previous emotional intelligence (P<0.05). Emotional intelligence is a kind of intelligence which, also confirmed by scientists, can lead to further success in the life and job. Since this intelligence is learnable and improvable for any age and gender, it is recommended to provide suitable trainings about it for students.

Nursing profession and professional organizations in Iran are relatively young and nursing promotion and empowerment is in relation with nurses’ commitment. Providing the strategies for leading nurses to act more in professional ways is one of the priorities of nursing activities. This study aims to define Iranian clinical nurses’ opinion on their professional commitment. A qualitative content analysis approach was used. The sampling process was initiated with purposive sampling and continued with theoretical sampling. The data gathered through semi-structured interviews. Data gathered in 14 month and 28 interviews had been done. The qualitative data obtained from comprehensive interviews were analyzed and interpreted by content analysis method. In this research three main themes were obtained: “Meaning of professional commitment”, “facilitating factors in professional commitment”, and “obstacles to professional commitment”. Nurses commitment to their profession depends on their reception for the career. Factors leading to obligatory will due to no commitment; an inside acceptance would be accompanied by a commitment and responsibility to the career. The professional organizations are recognized for promotion and training of nurses’ commitment. Nursing managers have the most important role in promotion of professional commitment. More studies on formation of professional commitment is proposed.