فصلنامه سیاست جهانی
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 7، بهار 1393)

States are always attempting in increasing their power. Occasionally, expanding power by a state in local, regional or international levels may be faced to contrasting reaction of other states. And sometimes, rising states confront opposing action of the others less. Rising states will not be equally restrained by established powers. The paper begins by addressing the questions of why and when rising powers are dangerous. What are the causal links between national growth and international conflicts? When a rising state is restricted by external environment pressure? This essay by a descriptive manner believes that if increasing power in a state is perceived threatening, it will prompt others to contrasting reaction. So, other states limit the rising state. So far, The dangers of rising states, has been examined from Realism, Liberalism, Constructivist and English school theories point of view. Eventually, peaceful rise approach which has relative new literature in International Relations has been represented. Findings, despite prevalent opinion, imply that constraints are exerted on rising state by milieu has structural causes, and the nature of the international system of states to make structural restrictions to rising powers, And the rise of emerging powers, found to be more intimidating, it is more sensitive to other governments to stimulate further confrontation.

Geopolitical Genomes is the geographical genetic map of the politics and derived from geography of a country. Foreign policy of every country have affected by genetic map of the geopolitics. Iran in the neighboring with 15 countries is a strategic region. Understanding the genomes and codes of the neighbor countries has an effective role to drafting a proper foreign policy with geopolitical characteristics of Iran. The authors of the present paper with applying the comparison method analysis of the geopolitical themes of Iran and Russia, has tried to finding the contrasting model and the format of the confronting codes and genomes of Iran and Russia. As the strategic conclusion of the paper, Iran with correction of the conducts in the international system could put Russia in the weak status; but, Russians with utilization of the Iran’s incorrect and conflictual manners against the international society could become an obstacle to Iran’s usage of the geopolitical strengths with the covering of the Russia’s weak geopolitical codes.

Axis of Iran, Syria and Hezbollah is the only union which has affected the United States interests and goals in the Middle East, Given the magnitude and importance that the United States has defined its interests in the Middle East, this paper attempts to answer the question that the axis of Iran, Syria and Hezbollah, to what extent could affect the interests of America in the Middle East after September 11? Research results indicate that the axis as the only serious opposition to America's presence in the region to adopt policies and measures such as anti-Israel, oppose to Arabic conservative and the rotten governance, oppose America's presence in the region, reliance on oil means to pressure the West, supporting the Palestinian cause, forgotten roles of self-determination for peoples, Shia minorities in democracies alternative power and a revival of faith-based thinking and the growth of Islamist movements in the spread of Islamic Awakening in the area of public opinion have effected in increasing costs for America and reduced its interests in the region.

The developments of third millennium have been caused the different regions of the world including the Middle East rethink bilateral & multilateral relations on the shadow of new developments. The "Network Theory", its internal structures and model of regional system have potential that change traditional boundaries in any region & create new boundaries.The main question is: what new structure could be defined in the Middle East on the Shadow of "Network Theory" & regional system? The main hypothesis is that in the "Network Theory" & regional system model, the traditional division of the Middle East is changing & the region can draw new boundaries & structures for itself. One of the most important new structure is "The north Middle East" is named "Bunch" in this theory. This bunch consists of Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Pakistan & Afghanistan. Research findings show, new developments in Afghanistan & Iraq improve geopolitical situation of the bunch. Internal varieties including Stability, Modernizations, democratization & Political system & The bunch internal verities including linguistic & historical identities, bilateral & regional treaties, common crisis & complimentary economic cause the new structure in the Middle East. The research Structure consists of theoretical basics, the north Middle East & its common capacities & elements.

The main objective of this paper is to address the practical measures by the Vietnam about globalization and economic development, so try to answer to this question with explanatory method that Does globalization have effect on Vietnam's economic development, if so, which factors have influenced this progress and what practical and effective actions had did Vietnam about globalization? The Results of this paper shows that Vietnam obtained the ground for economic reformations which named Doi Moi by political changes. So that this country through economic reformations, privatization, Integration with regional and world countries, attracting foreign investment, agricultural Development and encouraging exports achieved the significant growth and development in recent years. So Vietnam's economic success was not the result of one determinant factor, but a combination of factors has been influential in the development of this country.

By the end of the Cold War, nuclear weapons were introduced as a deterrent to war and inhibitors. To achieve such technological has been cause of developments force and to ensure for security policies states. In this regard, Iran is also considering the actual experience of Iraq war and increasing threats to regional and also part of the great powers and how their stance against the Iran's regime has tried to become a nuclear power technology. The knowledge acquired by Iran's peaceful nuclear and predict future other success, it plays an important role in changing the balance of power in the Persian Gulf region and the Middle East has its benefits. Of course neorealism as the dominant paradigm in International Relations and in the international system is specific definition of safety and security threats. Thus, this particular definition, nuclear deterrence is a special place in this approach. Therefore, it is essential to understand that how nuclear technology provided to Iran security guarantees and it improves stability and national security.

During the past several decades, conflict, struggle and permanent competition has become a normal phenomenon in the Persian Gulf region. Amongst the present causes, one can note the tense relations between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran and threats by Iran to block the Strait of Hormuz. In this regard, America and its allies have put on the agenda multiplying the routes of oil export from the Persian Gulf to the rest of the world. This issue is the subject of this article. This article aims to prove the hypothesis that the tension between the West and IR of Iran on one hand, and between Persian Gulf Countries and IR of Iran on the other hand, along with Iran’s threats to block the Strait of Hormuz in special circumstances, will cause the reduction of importance of the Strait of Hormuz which, in this case, will diminish Iran’s strategic lever.

Corruption, in the commitment of systematic crimes, is the base of horrible activities of criminal organizations and is the inseparable element of the occurrence of economic crimes. Because of the importance of the negative influence of Corruption in the development of the social Justice and economic flourishing at societies, controlling that has always been a concern for the authorities and policymakers of each society and international authorities. Beside to the passing of the domestic laws in the countries regarding the control of various aspects of corruption, due to the dispersion of these regulations and lack of integral confrontation of governments with this phenomenon, diverse meetings are held in regional or international levels for the joint cooperation of governments and compilation of unified laws regulations which has had useful and effective consequences. One of the international measures related to the control of this phenomenon, is a Conference which was held by the United Nations on 2003 in Mexico Merida, this conference was lead to the drafting of the United Nations convention against corruption which is known as Merida Convention. Iran with its adherence to this convention has passed laws and regulations regarding the convention’s requirements. In the present article, while investigating the second chapter of the cited convention which is under the title of “preventive measures”, three legal subjects in our country which are: “Money laundry Act, Free access and circulation of the information Act and Health promotion of administration system and controlling the corruption Act” will be studied and these regulations are observed for the purpose of conforming with chapter two of the Merida Convention and we have reached this conclusion that the cited laws, are in conformity with the requirements of the cited convention in a remarkable rate.