فصلنامه مطالعات روانشناختی
سال دهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 36، پاییز 1393)

Effectiveness of communicative skills training based on religious teachings on marital optimism.

In present research visual selective attention of regular and dyslexic primary students were examined. Research sample comprised of 20 students from second, third and fourth grade in each group, using cluster random sampling. Groups were matched in terms of age and sex. Research method was descriptive, causal comparative. Visual attention test of letters and numbers, visual attention test of geometrical figures and Ishihara color blindness test were used as the tools for data collection. The independent t-test results showed: visual selective attention scores (numbers and letters) in dyslexic students was significantly lower than regular students. The visual selective attention scores (geometrical figures) in dyslexic and regular students showed no significant difference. Within- group comparison showed visual selective attention scores of dyslexic students for numbers and letters was significantly lower than their scores in geometrical figures test.

The purpose of this study was to investigat the effectiveness of couple's communication program training on quality of life and marital intimacy. The method of study was a quasi-experimental research by pre test and post test with control group. Statistical population was all of unsatisfied women from their married life who had referred to Sepehr Counseling Center on 1389 in Tehran city. Then among them 40 unsatisfied women selected availably then via simple random sampling method, 20 women engaged in control group & 20 women in experimental group. Then, the marriage intimacy and quality of life questioners as pre test were completed by both groups, couple's communication program was taught to experimental group over once week and 90 minute each time in eleven sessions, but control group wasnt given any training. After the training sessions the marriage intimacy and quality of life questioners as post test were completed by both groups again. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA analysis of variance. Results showed that there were significant differences between marital intimacy and quality of life scores in pre test and post test in experimental group but significant differences werent between scores of pre test and post test in control group. These results confirm that the couple's communication program training was effective on improving unsatisfied women's quality of life and marital intimacy.

The aim of the present study was to examine self-help treatment through books according to comments by therapists and clients.. The study is conducted in the form of survey and data required are gathered through administrating of questionnaire designed by the researchers. Sample of the study were 25 psychologist and clinical therapist of 6th district of Tehran and 85 clients of theirs. Findings revealed that most of psychologist and clinical therapist of 6th district of Tehran were in average (52 percent) familiar with book therapy. Also in average (36 percent) of them used this method for client's treatment. They believed that book therapy cannot be used as a complementary method to treatment. According to what most of them believed, that this method will be successful in future (48 percent) which in fact overlaps with patient's view who believed the same that This method will be Successful in future (30/6 percent). Furthermore from client's perspective, the method utility for problem solving was as follows: 42/8 percent of them believed that book therapy does not help them in problem solving. Book therapy inappropriateness for client's problems and its rare use is generally due to therapist and psychologists little knowledge of the method. Most of therapist and psychologists prefer consultation.

The present study aimed to validate and verify factor structure of psychological asset questionnaire. This inventory devised by Luthans and colleague in 2007. Statistical population included all experts working in Iran Kodro Diesel Company including 650 people in 1391. Of this total, 250 samples were selected through systematic random sampling. For data analysis, factor analysis method was used with all data and Cronbach's alpha. Factor analysis results revealed that psychological asset questionnaire contains four separate factors including: hope, resiliency, optimism, and efficacy. Test reliability coefficient was obtained 0.840 for total scale using Cronbach's alpha. The overall results of the study showed that psychological asset questionnaire has good internal consistency and can be used as a valid tool for assessing expert's psychological asset.

The aim of the present study was to examine self-help treatment through books according to comments by therapists and clients.. The study is conducted in the form of survey and data required are gathered through administrating of questionnaire designed by the researchers. Sample of the study were 25 psychologist and clinical therapist of 6th district of Tehran and 85 clients of theirs. Findings revealed that most of psychologist and clinical therapist of 6th district of Tehran were in average (52 percent) familiar with book therapy. Also in average (36 percent) of them used this method for client's treatment. They believed that book therapy cannot be used as a complementary method to treatment. According to what most of them believed, that this method will be successful in future (48 percent) which in fact overlaps with patient's view who believed the same that This method will be Successful in future (30/6 percent). Furthermore from client's perspective, the method utility for problem solving was as follows: 42/8 percent of them believed that book therapy does not help them in problem solving. Book therapy inappropriateness for client's problems and its rare use is generally due to therapist and psychologists little knowledge of the method. Most of therapist and psychologists prefer consultation.

In this research the relationship between transformational leadership, job engagement, person-Environmental fit and Occupational commitment with adaptive performance were investigated. Using a random method, 210 nurses were selected from the whole nurses of ahwaz hospitals. They were assessed by adaptive performance Questionnaire (Charbonnie –Voirin, El Akremi, Vandenberghe, 2010); general transformational leadership Questionnaire (Carless, Wearing, Mann,2000); Job engagement Questionnaire (Schaufeli, Bakker, 2002); Person - Environment fit Questionnaire (Cable, Derue, 2002); and occupational commitment Questionnaire (Meyer, Allen, Smith,1993).Results indicated that all of predictor variables were positive correlated with adaptive performance and its dimensions. Moreover hierarchical regression analyses revealed that job engagement, person-environment fit, transformational leadership, in order to have the greatest role in explaining the variance of adaptive performance. this predictor variables account for 49 percent of variance of adaptive performance. Considering the importance of adaptive performance of a new variable in increase efficiency and effectiveness of individual and organizational performance, this research had raised important variables to enhance adaptive performance.