فصلنامه مطالعات روان شناسی ورزشی
پیاپی 9 (پاییز 1393)

The aim of this research was to study the relationship between family functioning and mental toughness in Paralympic athletes. This is a descriptive and correlational research. The sample statistics comprises 50 athletes who have competed in the London 2012 Paralympic Games. Data were measured using two questionnaires: Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire Golby and Sheard, and 45-factor Family Functioning Questionnaire. Reliability and validity of both questionnaires had been confirmed in previous studies. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between family functioning and mental toughness in Paralympics athletes. The three dimensions of family functioning were significant predictor variables in determining mental toughness. The findings revealed the importance of family functioning in the formation of mental toughness.

The purpose of the present research was to determine psychometric properties of Metacognition Applied to Physical Activity Scale (MAPAS) in athletes. The sample consisted of 315 men and women athletes of 8 sport clubs in Jahrom city. The Factor Analyses showed the presence of three dimensional structures of declarative knowledge، procedural knowledge، and conditional knowledge which determine 66. 48% of total variance explained of metacognition. Relevant differences were found as regard gender، and the kind of sport practice. There were significant correlations between MAPAS، Metacognition-30، Sport Self-regulation and Goal Orientation questionnaires. Data were indicative of acceptable level of Cronbach’s Alpha (0. 89) and Split-Half (0. 88) Reliability coefficients of Metacognition Applied to Physical Activity Scale totally. The results of the present study seem to indicate the substantial adequacy of this instrument to measure metacognition in the domain of sport and physical activity.

The Purpose of this research was to investigatethe role of personality dimensions in predicting sportspersonship of teacher-student athletes. 131 teacher-student of male athletes with mean age of 28/55±7/25 were completed questionnaire of five factor model of personality and multidimensional sportspersonship orientations scale. Multiple regression analyses with enter method showed that dimensions of agreeableness، conscientiousness، and openness to experience only were significant predictors for sportspersonship. However، the predictive power of agreeableness dimension was more. It means that athletes with such personality traits had higher levels of sportspersonship. Thus، according to our results، it''s suggested that coaches know personality dimensions of their players and employ players with personality dimensions of agreeableness، conscientiousness، and openness to experience for presence in game، particularly during the critical and sensitive times.

The study of attitudes is of the most fundamental social psychology approaches، also the study of attitude concerning physical exercise is one of important sport psychology approaches. The purpose of the present research was to characterize and compare the attitudes toward physical exercise of students considering selected sport fields of physical education course. The present research is of the type of the survey (descriptive - acquired). The sample of research is consisted of 156 (95 girls، 61 boys) students of Shahid Beheshti University. The questionnaire of Attitude toward Corbin Physical Exercise was used to measure attitudes toward physical exercise. One-sample T Test results showed that all components of attitude toward physical exercise was significantly above mean. Multivariate variance analysis showed that female students had significantly higher mean in overall attitude، in components of the health، comfort، and goodness. Furthermore، the main effect of sport field was significant only on the social component. The results was explicate as for the theory of Ajzen’s planned behavior.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and sport participation of teenager girl students of Kermanshah City. 184 teenager students committed Family Environment and Sports Participation questionnaires. Data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regressions. The results showed that there were significant correlation between physical activity levels and authoritarian and permissive parenting styles، but there were no significant correlation between physical activity levels and authoritative and neglectful parenting styles. According to the research findings more support in parenting styles leads to more physical activity among female students.

The purpose of the present study was the prediction of the burnout based on self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism in elite male athletes. 107 elite men athletes (average age: 25/39 ±5 and average sports history: 8/17 ±4) who were active in football، handball، volleyball، futsal and basketball fields، completed Tehran multidimensional perfectionism and athletes burnout questionnaires. Data were analyzed with using multivariate regression and Pearson correlation tests. The results of multivariate regression showed that، the self-oriented perfectionism predicts the burnout symptoms، negatively and significantly. However، the socially prescribed perfectionism predicts the reduced sense of accomplishment and emotional-physical exhaustion positively and significantly and devaluation negatively.

The purpose of this research was evaluate of reliability and validity of Persian version of sportspersonship orientations questionnaire. The statistical population of this research was includes athletes، coaches، professional sports and championship in Kerman province، the statistical sample consisted of 140 individuals according to the criterion of minimum sample size for Factor Analysis was selected for data collection. Measurement instrument was a questionnaire of 25 questions of sportspersonship oorientations Vallerand et al included 5 subscales (respect for social conventions، respect for the rules and the officials، respect for one''s full commitment toward sport participation، respect and concern for the opponent، and negative approach toward the practice of sport). Cronbach`s alpha for determining validity internal، analysis of an accepting Factor to determine the structures to the statistical software SPSS was used. Analytical results showed (a=0. 82) reliability for sportspersonship orientations questionnaire. All questions had a significant relationship with their agent in reliability of structure other than one of the factors، the amount of relationship and T-value، and they could be a good predictor for their agent.

This study examined the psychometric properties of the athlete burnout questionnaire (ABQ) scale in athletes from different sports. The original scale contains 15 items and 3 subscales of physical-emotional exhaustion، reduced sense of accomplishment and sport devaluation. In the present study، the questionnaire was translated into Persian and was distributed between the 225 athletes from different sports aged 15-35 years. It was used Cronbach''s alpha coefficient to estimate the reliability، Exploratory Factor Analysis to explore latent factors، and confirmatory factor analysis to test its construct validity. Results confirmed the reliability and validity of the scale. Totally، this scale with 3 factors، explained 58% of total variance. Related to internal consistency of each subscale، the reliability coefficients were 0. 77 for physical-emotional exhaustion; 0. 80 for reduced sense of accomplishment; and 0. 82 for sport devaluation. Overall، it seems the athlete burnout questionnaire from Raedeke and Smith is suitable tool for assessing athlete burnout in Iranian community devaluation.