مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 311 (هفته چهارم دی 1393)

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in men and the fourth in women in Iran. Eukaryotic release factor 3 (eRF3) is a GTPase associated with eRF1 in a complex that mediates translation termination in eukaryotes. Apart from its role in translation termination, the eukaryotic translation release factor 3 (eRF3) is involved in several critical cellular processes, such as cell cycle regulation and is essential for the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle (GSPT1), cytoskeleton organization, mRNA decay, recycle of ribosomes and apoptosis. Data from two previous studies on polymorphic GGC repeats located in exone 1 of the GSPT1/eRF3 gene suggest that this polymorphic site may play a role in cancer susceptibility.

The GGC expansion was amplified by PCR and alleles in variable size were selected by gelpolyacrylamid and sequenced directly. These sequenced alleles were used as allele specific markers.

In this research, we studies the GGC repeat polymorphism in GSPT1/eRF3 gene among 153 colorectal patients and 280 healthy controls in Isfahan region, Iran. Four different lengths of the GGC repeat in the range of 7,10,11,12 were observed. The most common genotype in controls and patients was homozygous with allele length of 10. Our primary data demonstrate that people carrying allele of 12 GGC specially 11/12 and 12/12 genotypes are at significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.

A direct correlation has been found between the presence of the 12-Gly allele of this gene and development of colorectal cancer (OR = 2.66, P = 0.04). Our results also show a strong association between the allelic lengths of eRF3/GSPT1 polymorphism and family history of colorectal cancer (OR = 10.7, P = 0.0001).

Pregnancy is associated with significant changes in calcium metabolism. During pregnancy, calcium absorption increases through the digestive tube and with high concentration of vitamin D. During pregnancy, vitamin D increases HPL-HCG, estrogen and progesterone in a ripe placenta, and its deficiency during pregnancy increases preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, toothache, anemia and bacterial vaginosis in mother, and may cause postpartum seizures, PTL, SGA, IUGR, osteomalacia, infantile rickets, and craniotabes in newborn infants.

This cross-sectional study with a developmental plan has been conducted in the first trimester of pregnancy (week 12) on the women referred to Shariati and Al-Zahra Teaching Hospitals, Isfahan, Iran in 2012-2013. The study was done in a range of one year and 280 individuals were selected after statistical calculation. Sample collection method has been convenient and for each sample Vit D (OH) 125 was requested during the first trimester of pregnancy. Samples were taken from the patients and following testing standards, tests were performed in laboratory. Vitamin D level was measured using E-lex's and Electrochemi-luminescence method (ECLIA), and information related to supplements received by the mothers, general situation of health, use of medicine during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy weight, first trimester weight, maternal age, place of living, receiving vitamin D, maternal hemoglobin level, bacterial vaginosis infection, and toothache in the first trimester were collected through questionnaire and analyzed in the survey. All data were stored in SPSS software and then analyzed using t-test and chi Square tests.

Vitamin D level in 280 pregnant women ranged from 1 to 80. Vitamin D deficiency was examined in four groups of severe deficiency (0-20), moderate deficiency (20-40), mild deficiency (40-60) and normal (higher than 60), and a significant relationship was observed between vitamin D level and associated factors.

In this study, anemia, bacterial vaginosis and toothache were more observed in the mothers with low levels of vitamin D.