پژوهشنامه خراسان بزرگ
پیاپی 11 (تابستان 1392)

Whenever history affects the natural and cultural varieties, unique life pattern and local architecture will be shaped. Local designs, stone structures, Ivans supported with wood columns and woodreinforced roofs in mountainous villages, they all reminds us of past architecture of our country and it’s monumental and historical structures such as Persepolis. All these elements create living spaces which completely matches the needs and social cultural life of the region. This paper tries to explain and introduce the architecture and design of mountainous rural homes of its habitants especially considering the Ivan element as an important feature in local architecture of mountainous kang village, located somewhere in Torghabe near Mashhadcity. The following paper is a result of library studies, registering the field studies and recordings of the writer from the village.

Archeological research denotes the fact that a kind of Cairn Burial had been in vogue in the Iranian southern and south-east region and in south-west of Indian Peninsula (Baluchistan of Pakistan). During new archeological investigations carried out in the south of South Makran (Nikshahr and Chabahar), abundant samples of this burial type were appeared. Among the identified sites, the largest and most significant of them was “Damb-i Koh” site located in Bahu kalat plain. One of the significant features of these graves includes diversity in the burial structures and also their dispersion pattern. Regarding the chronology in the existing researches, these graves have been ascribed to Parthian Dynasty. And this chronology is based on the numismatics evidence which has been provided by Stein in excavations performed during 1930s.Providing new archeological evidence including classification of burial structure and typology of pottery types, the present study introduces, categorizes, and provides relative chronology of this burial tradition and confirms its Parthian chronology.

The end of the cold war has profound and fundamental effect on the overall pattern of international security. The emergence of new actors on one hand and new arrangements (measures) on the other hand has changed the nature of the security in the third millennium. In this context, arrangements (measures) that do not recognize borders, such as narcotic drugs and trafficking and its consumption have great importance because it is an ideal sample of a customary security problem that strongly and continuously become security so at this time it is at the forth category of the world big critics and according to current statistics it is considered the world’s second largest business after the sale of military weapon. This causes the mentioned threat to have strategic and multifaceted aspects and has special complexities.One of the big centers for cultivation of narcotic plants, producing, distributing and trafficking of narcotic drugs in the world, the axis of golden crescent, contains Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran, which is centered entirely in the field of great Khorasan and from a long time ago the importance of connective and transitional connection in addition to the current of energy and information while providing invaluable opportunities also provides great threats to it.In the meantime, with forbidding of any cultivation and production of narcotics as a result of special geographical position and locating in the way of origin (Afghanistan and Pakistan) and destination (Turkey and Europe) of transiting mentioned drugs changes into the parking for traffickers and this provides various dangers (hazards) in political, security, social and economical aspects in its eastern borders.This paper with analytic - descriptive methods and by using library resources is searching a position in great Khorasan in geoplolitic ofeht fo gnidnfi ehT. sgurd citocran dna aera cfiiceps a ni tcejbus deredisnoc eht tuoba stcepsa daerpsediw stneserper repap narI taht staerht suoregnad dna suoires tsom eht fo eno era sgurd citocran taht setacidni. ytiruces lanoitan retfa ti htiw decaf.

The sadabad pact was a regional treaty among four countries,Afghanistan, iran, tyrkey and araq. this contract was tied in unsafe and unstable condition by initiative of iran before the second world war in Tehran in 1937 / 1316. That mentioned pact constrained obligors to observance lack frontier aggression principals, no interference in internal affairs, peaceful settlement of quarrels. Recognition, formation quality of sadabad pact, explanation of ends and effective factors in this tie is most important question for this article. this article is trying to analyze the impression or disimpression of Britain in formation of this pact.

Ancient Site of Old city of Jiroft, which is known as “Shar-e Daqyqnous” is a Big Site With the Area More Than 1200 Hectare. This Site is in the West and Nearly Connected to the present Jiroft City. According to Performed Research, the Mentioned Site is the Remains of Jirof that Was Mentioned in Historical and Geographical sources. This City was the Most Important Urban Center in the Southern Part of Kerman Province to Persian Gulf in the First Centuries to Middle Ages that Had Been Known With the Name of Jiroft Town (Velayat or Kore). After the Attack of Ghoses and the Falling of Seljoq’s Of Kerman Dynasty, the Historical and Evolutionary Role of this City and South Region of Kerman (With the Centrality of Jirft) Became Faint- Colored in Spite of Extraordinary Abilities and Possibilities. We Can Say That This Region didn’t Fulfill an Important and Considerable Role in The Evolutions and Occurrences of Kerman Province and Totality in the Country until to Present Centuries. This Region was a Place with Lower Rank. It Seems Jiroft Could Attain Its Position Again in Past Decades and Certainly in Tow Present Decades. This Essay is According to Library Studies and by Referring into Historical Sources and Geography and Archaeological and Archive Reports. We Tried to Show with the Study of the Process of Evolution and the Growth of Jiroft in Present Century that the Process of Being obsolete of Old Jiroft City Was a Gradual Process and It Wasn’t Happened All at Once. The Main Reason for Being of This City and Eliminating It from the Geography of Country After Attack of Ghoses is Losing the Flourish of Urban Life and Being Townsman.

The changing world order of 1990s changed situations in West Asia and its geopolitical priorities beyond belief. At the same time, geo-strategic priorities in the region of Caspian-Central Asia provided Iran with a pivotal position in West Asia, where the geopolitical and geo-strategic games played by US neocons vis-a-vis other players in the wake of the collapse of Soviet Union caused great sensitivities in the geopolitical and security situations of that region.The US conceptualization (Geoffrey Kemp: 1997, 14-16) of emergence of a new heartland in the region sandwiched between Caspian-Central Asia and the Persian Gulf automatically enhanced Iran’s new and highly sensitive position as the only land-bridge between the two regions. It was in that panoramic view that the idea emerged that if the Middle East and Persian Gulf were to have a liable geographical high-way to connect them to the region of Caspian-Central Asia this could be possible only through Iran. This was because Iran is the only country of the Middle East and Persian Gulf that borders Caspian-Central Asia at the same tune. In the mean time, the United States found acceptance of Iran’s new geopolitical situation and accepting its role in the formation of security arrangements pertaining to its idea of New World Order ratherdifficult. This geographic transformation of positions in the region of Caspian-Central Asia cemented a geopolitical and geo-strategic foundation on which, varying Iranian and American security concepts clash and overshadow their mutual relations.