مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
سال بیست و یکم شماره 10 (پیاپی 127، دی 1393)

ICT development has led to the emergence of virtual organizations phenomenon. Virtual hospital is one of these virtual organizations which present digital version of services and information of a hospital. In scientific literature, the term “virtual hospital” covers other concepts as well as the concept of a hospital. The study aimed at analyzing conceptual and practical evolution of virtual hospital. Considering these purpose different documents of the 1950s were reviewed and categorized under four conceptual terms. Practically, we related some actions to each term, as well.

This study was conducted as a review of articles collected from PubMed, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar databases.

Definitions of virtual hospital were differed from time to time. There is also different experience of implemented virtual hospitals in different countries. The first virtual hospital refers to the medical digital library to provide telemedicine services, in which then was named a virtual medical university. In the first decade of the 21st century, virtual hospital as a three-dimensional environment based on virtual reality emerged. Of those countries which adopted this technology were Germany, United Kingdom, United States, New Zealand, China and Singapore.

By advancing virtual reality techniques and development of Nano-electronics, we will be witnesses of production of advanced “point of care systems" with a kind of interaction between patients and physicians in a way that they feel they are really in a real hospital with possibility of track and care of patients instead real hospitalization.

Depression has often been considered as a major cause of human health threats in the world. The goal of the current study was to predict postpartum depression among women attended health care centers in Shiraz based on parental bonding, history of anxiety, and depression.

In this regard, 120 women with postpartum depression were selected among the women who had delivered in hospitals of Shiraz using convenience sampling method. The tools were Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Postnatal Depression Scale (Edinburgh), and the checklist of anxiety and depression using diagnostic criteria of anxiety and mood disorders (DSM- IV-IR). Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with stepwise method through SPSS v.16.

The linear regression model showed that extraordinary protective factors of caring father (p<0.001) and mother (p<0.001) have significant effect on depression. Considering the calculated coefficient determinant (R2=0.44), the extraordinary protective factors of caring father and mother, predicted 44% of postpartum depression. It means that 44% of changes by postpartum depression in caused by the extraordinary protective factors of caring father and mother.

Result of regression analysis indicated that protective factors of caring father and mother are able to predict postpartum depression. The overall results of this study indicated that emotional connection between parents and their children, leads to(determine) the formation of mental disorders in children in different periods of life.

Having knowledge about utilization of health care services is necessary for resource allocation and scheduling in health sector. The general consensus is that the inequality in the utilization of health care is unjust and unfair and health care systems should ensure equal access to health care based on need.

The main objective of this study was to identify factors influencing the utilization of health services, inpatient and outpatient both in the public and private sectors using logit econometric models. Domain of this study is 2011 and all regions of Tehran are considered. Urban HEART questioners’ data was used in this research. Gathered data were analyzed and interpreted in several stages and in the form of several logit models for inpatient services, outpatient services and private and public services.

The research findings showed that in 2011, overall 40.07% of the populations of Tehran have used outpatient health services and 18.69% of inpatient services. The main reasons for not utilization of outpatient services was reported existing of medicine and self-treatment at home and after that were having no money and services expensiveness and resolve the problem. Between reasons for not utilization of inpatient services, having no money and services expensiveness and lack of the expertise required for households were more important than other factors. After estimation of logit models the income, education, employment status, insurance and household size have been diagnosed effective on health services utilization. Existence of patients with chronic disease in households was the most effective factor on health care utilization in both inpatient and outpatient service groups.

Policy makers in health sector need to improve financial or economical access to health services, and in this regard, the identification of households in the bottom expenditure deciles, living in deprived regions, households with people over 60 and less than 5 years or patient with chronic disease will be a good help for planning for increase in health services accessibility.

Obesity is a complex physical disorder caused by different biological, psychological, and social factors. Identification of the psychological factors and consequences of obesity is one of the main elements of its control and treatment. The present study was carried out to compare depression and quality of life in the obese women with different body mass indices (BMIs) with the normal women.

for each three groups of obesity 40 and in total 120 women were selected of all the visitors of the Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences using convenience sampling method and based on the BMI table in a causal-comparative design. Forty women were the normal women sample. Instruments of the study were composed of a questionnaire of personal information, Beck Depression Inventory (second version), and Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36). The data were analyzed using Multi-Variable Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni Post hoc test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient as well as the SPSS software.

the results suggested a significant difference between the obese women in different levels of BMI and the normal ones concerning depression and quality of life at p<0.001. In addition, it was revealed that there is a significant negative difference among the obese women in different levels of BMI concerning depression and quality of life at p<0.001.

Regarding the different psychological variables such as depression in obesity, psychological interventions can be useful in the prevention, control, and treatment of obesity as well as promotion of the patients’ quality of life.