فهرست مطالب

Medical Laboratory - Volume:1 Issue: 1, Dec 2014

International Journal of Medical Laboratory
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Dec 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/12/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Salari Mh *, Sadeghifard N., Ghasemi M., Amin, Harati F., Ghorchian S Page 1
    Background And Aims
    Clostridium difficile is an identified cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, antibiotic-associated colitis, pseudomembranous colitis and nosocomial diarrhea. The objective of this survey was to determine molecular analysis of toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates from hospital environment in Tehran tertiary medical centers.
    Materials And Methods
    In this descriptive study, 100 hospital environmental specimens were collected. The specimens were cultured on a selective cycloserine cefoxitin fructose agar, and incubated in anaerobic conditions, at 37°C for 2 days. Clostridium difficile isolates were characterized by conventional biochemical tests. Bacterial cytotoxicity was assayed on tissue culture, and also all strains were typed by PCR ribotyping method.
    Results
    Among toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates, 6 isolates had the same PCR ribotyping patterns, and 11 isolates were typed in four different groups.
    Conclusion
    Our findings showed that toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolates had different PCR ribotyping patterns. Further studies are recommended to evaluate PCR typing of hospital environmental Clostridium difficile isolates.
    Keywords: Clostridium difficile, Environment, PCR ribotyping, Toxigenic
  • Asadi M., Hadinedoushan H. *, Mirghanizadeh Sa, Karimollah A., Dashti F., Malek, Hosseini S Page 7
    Background And Aims
    The present study was performed to investigate the effect of Echinops lasiolepis extract on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation and interferon (IFN)-γ secretion.
    Materials And Methods
    PBMCs were obtained from three healthy volunteers and cultured in presence of Echinops lasiolepis methanol extract in different concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 200 µg/ml. Lipopolysacharide (LPS) and Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were considered as mitogen. BrdU cell proliferation assay was used to determine cell proliferation. The concentration of IFN-γ in the PBMCs supernatant was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
    Results
    Most concentrations of Echinops lasiolepis methanol extract showed inhibitory effect on PBMCs proliferation. There were significant differences between the concentrations of 200, 1 and 0.1 µg/ml (p<0.05). The optimum proliferation (30.66±24.67%) was obtained at concentration 1 µg/ml. The PBMCs supernatant IFN-γ concentrations in extract treated group without PHA and LPS and in PHA activated group were not significantly different.
    Conclusion
    Our findings indicated that Echinops lasiolepis extract has immunomodulating activity which may be potentialy to used as an immunotherapy agent.
    Keywords: Cell proliferation, Echinops lasiolepis, IFN, ? Phytohaemagglutinin
  • Jafari Aa*, Fallah, Tafti A., Fattahi, Bafghi A., Arzy B Page 15
    Background And Aims
    Different Candida species, especially Candida albicans have been known as part of human oral cavity normal flora. Changes in the oral environment resulting from tooth loss or denture application can affect oral micro-flora. The general purpose of the current study was to determine Candida species occurrence rate in the oral cavity of denture wearer patients in comparison with those without denture.
    Materials And Methods
    A total 30 edentulous elderly with complete removable denture and 30 dentulous elderly people, who had been admitted for non-prosthetic treatments, were randomly selected in Yazd dentistry department. Their oral rinse samples were collected for mycological examination, and cultured on CHROMagar Candida plates. Frequency and density of Candida species isolated from both groups were compared using SPSS software with T-test, and differences were considered significant at p<0.05.
    Results
    Oral Candida species were isolated from 63.3% of edentulous people with dentures in comparison with 33.3% dentulous elderly persons (p=0.001). Non-albicans Candida species were isolated more frequently in denture wearers compared with the dentulous group (p=0.03). There was no significant difference between both groups in case of Candida albicans isolation (p=0.09).
    Conclusion
    The findings of the current study show that long-term use of dentures in edentulous denture users can result in a wide Candida species colonization, causing denture stomatitis.
    Keywords: Denture, Edentulous, Occurrence, Oral Candida species
  • Jebali A., Hekmatimoghaddam S.* Page 22
    Background And Aims
    Coated nanoparticles have different surface chemistry, aggregation, and interaction properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles AgNPs coated with different proteins on Balb/c macrophages.
    Materials And Methods
    In this study these items were evaluated: 1) the size of aggregation, 2) the quantity and mechanisms of uptake, and 3) the biological impact of Ag NPs and protein coated Ag NPs. Human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, fetal calf serum, and pea nut agglutinin were used as coating agents.
    Results
    This research showed that all coated Ag NPs had smaller aggregate size, more uptake, and less biological impact on Balb/c macrophages than naked Ag NPs. Endocytosis mediated pathway was the main uptake mechanism. Also, a clathrin-mediated pathway was shown to regulate their uptake.
    Conclusion
    It can be concluded that mitochondrial activities, cellular metabolic function, and ATP level of cells treated with protein coated Ag NPs are higher than naked Ag NPs after 24-hour incubation.
    Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Macrophage, Nanoparticles, Silver Uptake
  • Hekmatimoghaddam S., Jebali A.* Page 36
    Background And Aims
    The aim of this study was to synthesize antibody-conjugated radioactive(thorium oxide) nanoparticles (ACRNPs) and folic acid-conjugated radioactive nanoparticles (FACRNPs).
    Materials And Methods
    After synthesis of nanoparticles, blood samples from CLL patients and normal subjects were obtained, and their mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll method. To evaluate cytotoxicity, serial concentrations of ACRNPs and FACRNPs were separately added to cancerous and normal mononuclear cells, incubated for 12 hours at 37 ºC, and then different assays including MTT, MTS, cell metabolic, and ATP assay were carried out. On the other hand, the mononuclear cells were captured by anti-CD20 antibody in the polystyrene tube, and then ACRNPs and FACRNPs were separately added to them. After washing, the radioactivity (counts per minute (CPM)) of each tube was read.
    Results
    The images obtained from electron microscopy showed that both ACRNPs and FACRNPs were spherical with the same size (near 50 nm). This study obviously demonstrated a direct relationship between CPM and concentration of ACRNPs and FACRNPs in both cancerous and normal samples. Also, there was a significant difference between CPM of cancerous and normal samples after treatment with ACRNPs or FACRNPs (P<0.05). However, an inverse relationship between concentration of ACRNPs or FACRNPs and their toxicity. Was found Significant difference was observed between toxicity of ACRNPs or FACRNPs on the cancerous and normal samples (P<0.05).
    Conclusion
    It can be concluded that both ACRNPs and FACRNPs have good efficacy for detection of CLL cells.
    Keywords: Chronic Lymphocytic, Cytotoxicity, Detection, Nanoparticle, Thorium oxide
  • Azari M., Mohiti Ardekani J. *, Abedini S., Mozayan Mr Page 46
    Background And Aims
    Ferula Assafoetida is an antioxidant plant which has long been used in Iranian traditional medicine. Recently, it has been reported to have hypoglycemic and hyperinsulinemic effects, but the molecular mechanism of this effect have not been sufficiently described. This study was a step to evaluate the molecular mechanism of Ferula assafoetida action as an antihyperglycemic agent. For this purpose, some signling pathways of the hypoglycemic effect of its extract using C2C12 mouse cell line were examined.
    Materials And Methods
    C2C12 cells were differentiated in DMEM medium supplemented with 2% heat inactivated horse serum, and treated with 10 µg/ml extract of assafoetida in presence or absence of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) inhibitor. The concentration of Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) in cytosol and cytoplasmic membrane were determined using SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting analyses.
    Results
    Data indicated that assafoetida treatment increases translocation of the GLUT4 to the cell membrane in C2C12 cell line via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation.
    Conclusion
    our finding indicated that assafoetida has a potential antidiabetic effect and may be considered as antidiabetic drug.
    Keywords: C2C12 cell line, Diabetes, Ferula Assafoetida, Hypoglycemic Effect
  • Abdollahi E., Tavasolian F., Esmaili Ma, Momtazi Broujeni Aa, Amini A.* Page 54
    Background And Aims
    The ABO blood group system is recognized as major and clinically significant blood group. This group is not only important in terms of blood transfusion and organ transplantation, but also has been utilized in genetic, fertility and infertility researches. The objective of the present study was to evaluate a possible relationship between ABO blood group system and ASA with male infertility.
    Materials And Methods
    This is a retrospective, case-control study. Our study was carried out on samples referred to Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd, Iran. ABO blood group, titer of ASA and sperm analysis data of 150 infertile males (case group) and 150 fertile males (control group) was evaluated based on medical records of the patients. Data were then analyzed with SPSS 16 software using t-test and chi-square tests.
    Results
    Our results indicated that there is a significant relationship between male infertility and O blood group (p= 0.02) whereas no significant relationship was observed between O blood group and fertility in the control group (p= 0.08). In both groups the amount of ASA agglutination was statistically significant (p= 0.001) whereas no significant relationship was detected between blood group and ASA in infertile males (p= 0.18).
    Conclusion
    The present study revealed that there is a significant relationship between blood group O and male infertility as well as sperm agglutination and thus the concentration of ASA in infertile males is higher than of fertile males thereby demanding appropriate intervention strategies.
    Keywords: ABO blood group, Anti, sperm antibody, Male infertility
  • Dehghani Firoozabadi A., Shojaeii S., Hadinedoushan H.* Page 61
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding regulatory RNAs molecules with a size of approximately 22 nucleotides that are implicated in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional regulatory levels. Inflammatory disorders especially autoimmune diseases (ADs) occur from an abnormal immune response of body against cells of their own specific tissues or multiple organ systems leading to chronic and sustain inflammatory responses and thus contribute to cell damage. Some recent studies have reported that several miRNAs may be expressed differentially in ADs and other inflammatory diseases which can have a critical role in immune response modulation and autoimmunity. This review is focused on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of several autoimmune diseases.
    Keywords: Autoimmune Disease, Micro RNAs, Inflammation