International Journal of Aquatic Biology
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Apr 2014

This study was conducted to examine the effects of antibiotic (5000 units of penicillin) on sperm quality of Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus during 9 days in vitro storage of milt. For this purpose, the milt samples were stored in the presence and absence of 5000 units of penicillin. Freshwater was used as sperm activator. The milt samples were stored at 4°C and the motility indices were measured 0, 3, 6 and 9 days after storage. The sperm duration and percentage of sperm motility decreased after 6 days of storage both in the presence and absence of antibiotic, although this decrease was more significant in the absence of antibiotic. After 9 days of storage, the lowest values of sperm motility indices was recorded for antibiotic receiving milt samples while no motile spermatozoa observed for antibiotic-free milt samples. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that 5000 units of penicillin improve the Persian sturgeon milt quality during short-term storage.

Fenpropathrin is a new pyrethroid insecticide used to control crop pests. The aim of this study was to evidence fenpropathrin-induced oxidative stress and alterations in biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish, Alburnus mossulensis. Total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase activity (CAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CK), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the whole body extract were measured in A. mossulensis after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of fenpropatrin (approximately equal to 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10% of 96 h LC50) for 15 days. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 of the fenpropathrin for A. mossulensis was 562.28±45.19, 218.18±18.75, 136.18±11.90 and 121.38±11.84 µg/L at 24±2 °C. Exposure to 2.75, 5.50 and 12.6 µg/L fenpropathrin significantly increased AST activity in fish. A significant increase in the ALP and LDH activities was observed in fish after a 15 day exposure to 1.25, 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin. Fenpropatrin significantly induced lipid peroxidation and increased MDA levels in fish. Compared with the control group, total protein levels in fish decreased after exposure to 2.75, 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin on day 15. Total antioxidant capacity, AChE and CPK activities in fish exposed to fenproparthin were significantly lower than control group. There was a significant increase in the CAT and ALT activities in fish after exposure to 5.50 and 12.60 µg/L fenpropathrin. In conclusion, fenpropathrin has the potential to disrupt biochemical parameters in A. mossulensis and to induce oxidative stress.

The relative eye size, types of visual cell and mosaic, and the existence of retinal tapetum in the eyes of the spotted barb Puntius binotatus were determined to gain baseline information on its visual capability. The P. binotatus acquired relatively larger eye size than the other similar sized freshwater fish species with its retina being contained both cone and rod visual cells (cone ellipsoid to outer nuclei ratio = 1: 5.7). Three types of cone were identified (double-, central single- and corner single- cones), arranging in the square mosaic, and the retinal tapetum was determined to be existed. These results evidenced that the P. binotatus has good visual capability as it possessed both the photopic and scotopic visions. Vision can be the primary sense for the P. binotatus. Further study is needed to gain more information on the vision of this species.

Studies on the biometric parameters of a species to have an important role in its population or stock management and conservation. Present study investigated the morphometric, meristic, length-weight relation (LWRs), length-length relation (LLRs) and growth status (K and Kn) of the Redline torpedo barb, P. denisonii collected during August 2012 to July 2013 from river Valapattanam, Kerala. The length-weight relationship was established for monthly to differentiate growth variation and also separately calculated for males, females pooled and indeterminate. Length-length relationship, morphometric and meristic characteristics were also represented by the equation: Y = a + bX. The length-weight relations established for males was: log W = -2.207 + 3.148 log L; for females: log W = -2.360 + 3.316 log L; for indeterminate: log W = -2.176 + 3.171 log L and for pooled was: log W = -2.076 + 3.030 log L. The regression coefficients between pooled, indeterminate, males and females of P. denisonii did not show any significant variation from isometric growth (p<0.05). All morphological characters were highly correlated with total length and correlation coefficient (r) was highest for standard length (0.9889) and pre anal length (0.9904) and lowest for pelvic fin length (0.6150). Based on the study fin formula can be written as D 2-9, P 17, V 9, A 1-6 and C 22-24.

Amblypharyngodon mola is a popular food fish of Indian sub-continent due to its high nutritional value. Earlier many workers have carried out studies on feeding and breeding biology of this fish species but consolidated information on the same is not available. So, a survey of published literatures on the feeding and breeding biology of A. mola has been carried out to consolidate the available information. Lacunae of information has been pointed out for further study mainly on age group wise variation in food preference and correlation of breeding periodicity with hydrological parameters and photoperiod.

This paper investigated effects of different salinities on reproductive of two parthenogenetic species of Artemia (from Gaav Khooni wetlands of Isfahan and ponds around Lake Urmia) in Iran. Nauplii from two Iranian brine shrimp parthenogenetic populations, were grown up at three salinities (80, 120 and 150 ppt). The initial stocking density was 200 nauplii/litre at all the salinities. The Shrimps were fed according to a standard feeding table. The results show that Gaav Khooni’s artemia has better reproductive than the brine shrimp from Urmia ponds (except in reproductive characteristics such as number of offspring at each day of reproductive period, the number and the percent of offspring encysted). Moreover, Artemia from ponds around the Urmia Lake had a reduction in many characters with increasing salinity, but Artemia from Gaav Khooni showed best results at optimal levelʼs of salinity (120 ppt). Therefore the present study indicated that Artemia from Gaav Khooni, unlike most species the decrease in salinity, (optimal level) is also vulnerable.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary synbiotic (Biomon imbo) on the growth performance, survival and innate immune response of Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) juveniles. Fish with initially average weight 15.5±0.2 g were randomly distributed into tanks (20 fish/tank). Basal diets (Biomar) were supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g symbiotic per kg-1 in a totally randomized design trial in triplicate group. At the end of the experiment (60 days), innate immune parameters (serum Ig levels and lysozyme activity) and growth factors (final weight, weight gain (WG %), specific growth rate (SGR) and food conversion ratio (FCR)) were assessed. According to our results, the growth performance and feed efficiency improve in fish fed on the diet containing 2.0 g kg-1 synbiotic (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in survival among all treatments (P>0.05). Lysozym activity and serum Ig levels in fish fed the 2.0 g kg-1 synbiotic diet was higher compared to other experimental groups (P<0.05). These results indicate that synbiotic can be considered as a beneficial dietary supplement for improving the immune response and growth performance Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) juveniles.

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of waterborne fluoxetine on the reproduction performance of female fighting fish (Betta splendens). For this purpose, mature, ready for spawning females were exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.54 and 54.0 µg/l fluoxetine for 7 days. Then they were introduced into the spawning tank containing pre-acclimated male and reproductive consequences including number of copulations per spawning, number of eggs per copulation, duration of spawning, fecundity and hatching rate were assessed. Fluoxetine concentration of 54.0 µg/l, was significantly affected on the number of produced eggs per copulation, fecundity and hatching rate. In addition, the mean number of copulations per spawning was not different between treatments but significantly different for the spawning duration between control and 54.0 µg/l treatments. The results suggest that fluoxetine can impacts on reproductive performance of female fighting fish at concentrations greater than those found in the aquatic environments.