Researcher Bulletin of Medical Sciences
Volume:19 Issue: 6, 2015

Concerning the well-known complications of hypertension (HTN) and importance of notification of influencing factor and current limited and inconsistence data regarding the association of dairy products and HTN, this study was conducted to identify the association of dairy consumption and the risk of HTN in Tehranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, on 5616 adults, aged>20 y. The intakes of dairy products including milk, yogurt, dough, cheese, ice cream and Kashk were measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured on right arm twice. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of dairy intake and HTN. This study was conducted on 5616 adults, aged>20 y. Increased consumption of milk had an inverse association with HTN (OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.68-0.98). In contrast, higher consumption of yogurt had positive association with HTN (OR=1.31, 95%CI= 1.10-1.56). No significant association was observed between total dairy and cheese with the risk of HTN. Probably higher intake of milk is related to lower prevalence of HTN and higher intake of yogurt is related to higher prevalence of HTN. However, more investigations especially clinical trials to make a definite conclusion are required.

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a strong fermentation ability and very high efficiency in the fermented industry and fermented products. There are several ways to increase the growth of the yeast biomass. One of these methods is the use of ultrasound. Stimulating by low intensity ultrasound increased output of enzymes from the cell wall and membrane permeability, it can improve the speed and efficiency of handling the growth and reproduction of cells, and have appropriate applications for yeast growth and single cell protein production. In this study using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae PTCC5269. Optimization of ultrasound power was (2, 6, and 10 watts) and time (10, 20, 30 sec) applied ultrasonic low intensity and low glucose concentrations (5, 10, and 15% v/v) and studied on growth performance, using response surface methodology (RSM). Optimum operating conditions obtained from RSM was the power of ultrasound 6 W, sonication time of 20 seconds and add 10% glucose. Minimum and maximum of produced biomass was 9.1 milligram and 43.3 milligram. Results showed that the dry weight increased with sonication. Maximum amount of yeast biomass obtained after applying average ultrasound power and time. The samples treated with ultrasound shows significant increase in biomass compared with the untreated samples. With increasing cell growth, the conditions being optimal for the use of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a single-cell protein due to the probiotic properties of yeast.

Current cultural and social standards emphasize at attractiveness and thinness among female. Therefore, a main and world wildly problem among women is body dissatisfaction, which result in eliciting malproductive self-schemas. This can affect the interpersonal relationships, socioemotional state, and perceived self-evaluation in young individuals. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate the efficacy of behavioral-mindfulness-acceptance therapy on modifying negative body image, and self-schemas among female students in year 1390. This is a clinical trial research. After completing Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), 26 participants with negative body image were selected and assigned randomly in two groups of thirteen (experimental and control). Control group was placed on the waiting list and experimental group was experienced behavioral- mindfulness-acceptance training for 12 sessions (each session 70 minutes). All participants filled out all the items of MBSRQ, and appearance schema inventory (ASI) prior to and after the intervention. Mann-Whitney U test was used for data analysis. Data analysis revealed that mean rank differences in body image in the experimental group were equal to 9.1 and in the control group was 17.8 and in self-schemas in the experimental group was equal 19.5 and in the control group was 7.5 that represents significant differences between experimental and control groups in body image and self-schemas (P<0.05). Seems, behavioral-mindfulness-acceptance intervention by modifying behavioral and cognitive components can result to modifying self-schemas and increasing body satisfaction about themselves, too. Thus, according to research done in this field, writing a review is proposed.

Reduction of blood glucose level in diabetic patients by herbal agents is an interesting topic. Curcumin, the main agent of turmeric is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties, has blood glucose reducing effect. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of curcumin in diabetic rats, its preventive effect, and when co-administered with metformin on blood glucose levels. Male wistar rat (200-250 g, n= 6) were divided into 5 different groups: 1- Control (aloxan-treated), 2- Curcumin (aloxan-treated), 3- Metformin (aloxan-treated), 4- Preventive curcumin (aloxan-treated, curcumin), 5- Preventive curcumin (aloxan-treated, curcumin+metformin). Aloxan (110 mg/kg subcutaneous) for induction of diabetes, curcumin (300 mg/kg) and metformin (60 mg/kg) were used orally. After induction of diabetes, on days 3, 7, 14, and 21, blood sampling of the inner corner of eye was obtained using capillary tubes and blood glucose was estimated using glucose meter. In the control group, an increase in blood glucose level was produced at day 3 and continued until day 21. In the metformin group, a decreasing effect was started at day 7 and continued until day 21. The same effect was seen in curcumin group. However, at day 21, a significant decrease in blood glucose level was observed in curcumin compared to metformin group. In group 5, a significant decrease in blood glucose level was observed from day 7 compared to other groups. Despite the anti-diabetic effect of metformin, it seems that curcumin could be probably an appropriate adjunctive drug to control diabetic patients with less adverse effects, long lasting blood glucose lowering effect compared to metformin.

From birth to five years is a critical time in development when language, cognitive, emotional, social, behavioral and physical skills become the basis for new skills throughout further experiences and education into adult life. Evidence suggests that partner violence during and after pregnancy can negatively affect the health of a fetus and the socio-emotional development of infants. The aim was to determine the association between exposures to domestic violence during pregnancy and post-natal with developmental status of 8-12 month's infant referred to health centers in Rasht city of Iran in 2013. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 400 mothers and infants 8–12 months, visiting health service centers were selected using a multistage method. The exposure (physical, sexual or psychological violence during pregnancy and postpartum) was assessed using "demographic characteristics and domestic violence questionnaires, and developmental status was measured using the “ages and stages questionnaires”. Data were estimated using chi-square, multivariate logistic regression analysis tests, and SPSS-19 was used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of domestic violence on infants 8-12 months (95% confidence interval CI=45-54) and prevalence of developmental delay is 14% in infants in Rasht city. Domestic violence during pregnancy and post-natal is significantly correlated with developmental delay of infants in the area of fine motor, problem solving, personal-social skills (P<0.001). In Logistic model, maternal education and maternal age is significantly correlated with developmental delay of infants (P<0.001) and the most impacts in the area of cognitive and behavior. This study showed that domestic violence during pregnancy and after delivery is correlated with developmental delays in infants, need to reduce domestic violence and factors that influence children’s development strategies must be devised to reduce the harmful consequences of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Bullying is the threatening factor in hospital environment for nurses’ health. Current research was administered with the aim of studying the correlation between bullying in hospital with psychosomatic complaint and job related affect among nurses. Research method was correlation and statistical population was the nurses of Yazd hospitals. Among them 250 persons were selected using accessible sampling method. Data gathering instruments were the future made questionnaires, which reliability and validity of them were verified, including bullying questionnaire, psychosomatic complaint questionnaire and job related affect questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results revealed there is significant correlation between bullying (contempt and despising, angry and revengefulness, neglect, verbal persecution, threatening and unconventional work stress) with psychosomatic complaint and negative job related affect, and there is negative significant relationship between contempt and despising, angry and revengefulness, verbal persecution and unconventional work stress with positive job related affect. Moreover, the results of regression analysis revealed, unconventional work stress have significant predictive power for prediction of psychosomatic complaint, contempt and despising, threatening and unconventional work stress have significant predictive power for prediction of negative job related affect. The results of current research showed that bullying could result in psychosomatic complaint and negative job related affect among women nurses. Hospital managers should consider these important factors. Keywords: Bullying in hospital environment, Psychosomatic complaint, Affective well-being, Nurses,

Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level increases in proportion to the degree of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcome of treatment and the prognostic value of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-TproBNP) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). This study was a longitudinal trend study. It was conducted in 2011 till 2013 on 20 patients with PAH at Massih Daneshvari hospital, who were treated with intravenous iloprost for 12 weeks. Before, during and after treatment WHO functional class, six minute walking test (6MWT), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and right ventricular pressure (RVP) in echocardiography and plasma NT-ProBNP level was measured. Findinges showed that iloprost infusion improved exercise tolerance and functional class and decreased PAP and RVP in patients with IPAH. The level of NT-ProBNP had decreased in 75% of patients and its mean had decreased significantly to 1409 pg/ml (P=0.009). Iloprost is an effective therapy for patients with IPAH. Furthermore, Plasma levels of NT- ProBNP were decreased proportionally to elevate in functional class and 6MWT distance and decrease in PAP and RVP. Measurement of NT-ProBNP is actually advised for the routine assessment and for the clinical decision making of PAH patients.

Salmonella species are the main agent of disease outbreaks in the world. Their antibiotic resistance made a global challenge in their treatment and good knowledge about antimicrobial pattern of microorganisms is very important to treat foodborne diseases. Hence, determination of their frequency and the most frequent salmonella spp serotype in Iran and their antibiotic resistance profile were the main aims of this study. In this study, 305 stool samples, which had been collected from patients who had same symptoms (diarrhea, fever, cramp) after consumption of contaminated food, were pondered. All samples carefully were examined according to standard culture media, sero-grouping and antibiotic sensitivity test. Among 305 examined samples collected from different provinces, 1.6% of positive cultures were Salmonella spp. Detected Salmonella isolates consist of just Typhi and Paratyphi C types with 50% of each. 61.2% of total positive Salmonella isolates belong to Hamedan province. 55.5% of total Salmonella isolates detected from samples, which had been collected in the spring. 100% of serotypes were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. All serotypes were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Salmonella species are one of the main causes of foodborne related outbreaks. Having good knowledge about type of bacterial agent of foodborne diseases and also its medicine resistance pattern plays a very important role to reduce foodborne outbreaks, treatment, prevention and outbreak control activities.