مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال سیزدهم شماره 10 (پیاپی 69، دی 1393)

Caregivers of patients with dementia face with challenges and negative outcomes of stress. The impact of stressor events on mental health is related to coping strategies and religious coping is one of the supportive strategies in family caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress and religious coping among female caregivers of the elderly with dementia. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 100 female caregivers of the elderly with dementia referred to the Iran Alzheimer's Association and a neurologic clinic were selected through consecutive sampling in 2013. The data were collected using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Religious Coping Scale (RCOPE), and analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression tests. The mean score of perceived stress was 30.00±5.86 (range 10-45). The caregivers who had received no help, perceived higher level of stress (p=0.040). The mean score of positive religious coping was 23.57±4.96 (range 7-28) and negative religious coping was obtained 8.82±2.29 (range 7-19). There were significant relationships between positive religious coping with educational level (p=0.023) and also between negative religious coping with economic status (p=0.050). There were not significant correlations between perceived stress with positive religious coping (r= 0.085, p=0.398) and also with negative religious coping (r= -0.079, p=0.432). Based on the results that showed the average level of perceived stress and relatively favorable positive religious coping in participants, the supportive educative interfering programs are suggested for stress management and religious coping improvement in female caregivers of the elderly with dementia.

Despite applying new drugs and techniques, many patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery. Our goal in this study was to determine the effect of intravenous (IV) lidocaine infusion on postoperative pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. In this double-blind clinical trial a total of 70 candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery were randomly selected and divided into two groups. With the same condition, in the case group before surgery, 1.5 mg/kg lidocaein 2% and then infusion of 2 mg/kg/h lidocaein 2% and the same volume of normal saline for control group was injected. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, analgesic score according to Visual Analog scale (VAS) were recorded and the data analyzed by mann-whitney and chi-square tests. Pain intensity according to VAS after postoperation was significantly lower in case group(1.25±2.88) by comparison with control (6.00±3.84), (p= 0.001). Analgesics consumption in suppository from and IV was significantly lower than the case group (p<0.05). Results wereshown lidocaine infusion can decrease pain intensity and analgesics consumption after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.

Mental health is necessary to maintain and sustain the social, occupational and educational functions of the community, and lead to improvement, growth and perfection of the human character. This study aimed to investigate mental health and it’s related factors in Jiroft students. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 674 students of Medical, Islamic Azad and National Universities of Jiroft in 2013. In this study, demographic checklist and standard mental health questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS using t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square, Fisher and Tukey tests. Among the participants, 229 students (34.0%) were from Azad University, 252 students (37.4%) from National University and 193 students (28.6%) from Medical Sciences University. Mean of students’ mental health score was 29.56±14.64 and 394 of them (58.5 %(were suspected to have mental problems. Among those, 135 (58.95%), 145 (57.53%) and 114 students (59.06%) were studying at Azad, National and Medical Sciences Universities which there wasn’t any significant difference in this regard (p=0.932). Based on t-test, there were significant relationships between mental health and sex (p=0.008), occupational status (p=0.027) as well as residential status (p=0.036). The results of this study indicate a low level of mental health in Jiroft students. So, we recommend providing adequate life conditions, for example, setting opportunities to get a job and marry and reduce students’ stressors in order to increase their mental health.

Somatization symptoms cause the high levels of worry, anxiety and overreaction in response to physical symptoms in people and it is said that the somatization can be caused by the disruption in emotional expressiveness. Giving the importance of this issue, the current study was conducted in order to determine the role of alexithymia and emotional expressivity in predicting somatization symptoms among students. The method of this study was descriptive. The studied sample included 115 students (65 girls and 50 boys) who were selected by a multistage random sampling from the population of Mohaghegh Ardabili university students during 2013-2014 educational years. Toronto alexithymia scale, Berkeley emotional expressivity questionnaire and somatization subscale of SCL-90-R were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression. The correlation results showed that the somatization symptoms have positive relationship with difficulty in describing feeling (r=0.34; p>0.001), difficulty in identifying feeling (r=0.39; p>0.001), external orient thinking style (r=0.18; p=0.02) and total score of alexithymia scale (r=0.39; p>0.001), but negative relationship with negative expressivity of the emotion (r=-0.17; p=0.03), positive expressivity of the emotion (r=-0.15; p=0.05), and total score of emotional expressivity (r=-0.18; p=0.02). The results of linear regression analyze also showed that 20% of the whole variance of the somatization symptoms was explained by alexithymia, especially, difficulty in identifying feelings. Results of current study show that alexithymia and emotional expressivity plat role in somatization symptoms. These findings support the assumption that somatization symptoms can be considered as a defect in the expression of emotions.

Publishing articles in specialized journals that are prestigious indexing with international distribution have led scientists to validate the results of the research area. In this case, it may increase and promote the situation of the scientist and the country that research has been done in it. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study aimed to investigate, for the first time, and introduce the most prestigious journals in medical microbiology. A descriptive study was conducted in 2014 in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Identifying the Journals of Medical Microbiology performed according to online information sources; Bibliographic databases: Medline, Scopus, Cochrane and EMBASE, Electronic-journals: OVID and MEDLIB, Search engines: Google Scholar and MedlinePlus. After collecting of the Journals from mentioned sources, the 41 most relevant and reiterative journals were selected and withdrawn the duplicate titles. Important information of journals including; name of the Journal, publisher, editor in chief, subject coverage, types of published articles, indexing, abstracting, oldness of the journal,, Hirsch index, duration of publishing, impact factor, number of articles have been published in last issue and the journal website were surveyed. Updating the data of the special journals, reviewing articles, which have been published in recent issues, specially; compliance requirements in the journal, resource utilization "valid and up to date" and also the use of expert and well-known researchers in case of journal selection, may lead to increase the chance of researchers to publish their papers in the prestigious -specialized journals.

About 2-3 percent of the society suffer from mental retardation (MR) that leads to psychoeconomic problems. To prevent MR, it is necessary to recognize its related factors in each region.The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of MR associated factors among students of Rafsanjan exceptional schools. This descriptive study Rafsanjan special schools were referred in 2014 and 210 students were selected statistically. Data was collected via interviewing with student's parents and using present files at schools, categorized into four parts; prenatal, prinatal, postnatal and environmental factors. For data gathering, the questionnaires were used and data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and analytic statistics (chi_square). Educational level in 203 (96.8%) parents was illiterate to diploma and families income in 200 (95.5%) cases was low and average.In studying of prenatal factors, the most frequent cause was related to consanguineous marriage in 112 (53.3) cases and mental retardation family history in 82 (39%) cases. Also, in studying of prinatal factors, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in 43 (20.5%) cases and respiratory problems during parturition in 30 (14.3%) cases had the most frequent cause. Fever and convulsion in 35 (16.7%) cases and epilepsy in 22 (10.5%) cases were the most prevalent postnatal factors. Among MR associated factors that studied in this research, environmental factors and consanguineous marriage had the most frequent cause among students of special schools and it seems that raising society's awareness level and doing genetic consultation can help to prevent this disease.

In nuclear medicine, lung perfusion scintigraphy is performed by radiolabeled particles, 99 mTc-albumin macroaggregated. Synthesizing of the particles has some difficulties. In order to resolve this problem, chitosan microparticles were used as an alternative choice. The qualitative control tests including: the determining particles size, the labeling efficiency and stability in saline buffer and imaging studies in the mice were performed. The size of particles was 90-110 micron. The labeling efficiency was 94±3%, the good stability in saline buffer and high accumulation of activity in mice lung were seen. The results showed that the 99mTc-chitosan microparticles may be considered as a promising radiopharmaceutical of lung perfusion scintigraphy that needs more investigations.