فهرست مطالب

the Persian Gulf (Marine Science) - Volume:5 Issue: 17, Fall 2014

Journal of the Persian Gulf (Marine Science)
Volume:5 Issue: 17, Fall 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1393/11/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mohammad Zakeri, Jasem G. Marammazi, Mahsa Haghi Pages 1-14
    study was undertaken to establish the optimum dietary indispensable amino acid (IAA) profile for yellow fin seabream broodstock based on the amino acid (AA) profile of broodstock, eggs and larvae of Acanthopagrus latus. Three isonitrogenous (40%) and isolipid (20%), named diets 1, 2 and 3 were formulated with different ratios of total essential amino acids per total non-essential amino acid (TEAA/TNEAA) (0.611, 0.720 or 0.822, respectively) for 138 days. Amino acid profiles of carcass, eggs, hatchling and 3 days posthatching larvae were affected by the corresponding dietary treatments. In general, added concentration of IAA resulted in added contents of crude protein, total EAA and TEAA/TNEAA ratio of eggs and larvae. Optimal balance and increase in concentration of EAA in diet influenced biochemical composition of yellow fin seabream. Results indicated the indispensable amino acid profile in broodstock diet had a considerable effect on the quality of amino acid profile of eggs and larvae in A. latus.
    Keywords: Acanthopagrus latus, Essential amino acids, Broodstock, Egg, larval quality
  • Jahangir Vajed Samiei, Abolfazl Saleh, Ali Mehdinia, Arash Shirvani, Hasan Sharifi Pages 15-26
    Thermal anomaly is among factors initiating coral bleaching and mortalities and threatening coral reefs worldwide. Therefore, susceptibility of corals to thermal stress is a central concern in reef conservation. In this study, we evaluated underwater temperature during 2012-13 and bleaching status of corals during summer 2012 in Hengam Island located in the eastern Persian Gulf. Hengam coral community - faced with milder seasonal temperatures compared with more inward coral communities of the Persian Gulf – usually experiences substantial mitigation of underwater temperature (i.e. ~1-5°C) during high-tides in the warm season. In August 2012, some corals of Hengam community including species from the families Faviidae, Pocilloporidae, Poritidae and genus Coscinaria, Psammocora, Turbinaria, Montipora and Symphyllia bleached after ~3 weeks of exposure to daily average underwater temperature >33°C. Therefore, bleaching threshold (BT) of the corals was ~2°C lower than BT of southeastern counterparts. Acropora downingi, the dominant coral with high live coverage was not affected by the bleaching. This contradicts the usual bleaching pattern observed in the Persian Gulf, in which acroporids were the most extensively damaged coral or among the bleached ones. Based on results, it is postulated that bleaching of Acropora is slowed down by the fast tidal flows and rapid cooling in Hengam, a promising event for times of increasing temperature.
    Keywords: Hard coral diversity, Non, fatal bleaching, Sea surface temperature (SST), Tidal cooling, Water flow
  • Ahmad Faqih Ahmadani, Seyed Javad Hosseini, Seyedahmad Qasemi Pages 27-36
    The main purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Liza klunzingeri in two regions of the Persian Gulf. In this study, the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was employed to analyze population genetic diversity between two populations (Ziyarat & Hendijan). Seven primer combinations (E-AAG/M-CTA, E-ACT/ M-CAA, E-ACT/ M-CTA, E-AAG/M-CTG, E-ACT/MCAT, E- AAG/ M- CAC and E-AAG/ M- CAG) were used. A total of 358 fragments were identified from 40 individuals (two populations), with percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) being 86.63% at the population level, respectively. The average gene diversity was 0.2528 and Shannon’s information index was 0.4030. Coefficient of gene differentiation between populations (GST) was 0.0585. AMOVA analysis revealed high genetic variations within populations (90%). The estimated number of migrants per generation (Nm) was 8.0419, indicating a high level of gene flow among populations. The UPGMA dendrogram clustered all 40 individuals into 2 groups. In some cases individuals from the same region were grouped together, but in most cases, gene exchange was observed to be common among the groups. To study the genetic relationships among populations, a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on Nei’s genetic distances was performed. Results of this study showed that AFLP marker can be a useful tool for investigating the genetic diversity of Liza klunzingeri genotypes.
    Keywords: Liza klunzingeri, Persian Gulf, Population genetic, AFLP
  • Fatemeh Amini Yekta, Mahshid Jalili, Fatemeh Pourjomeh, Maryam Hakim Elahi, Hamid Rezaei Pages 37-48
    Distribution of molluscs in the eastern part of the Persian Gulf were studied during the PG-GOOS cruise (Oct-Nov 2012), using the 250 cm2 Van Veen grab for sampling. Sixty gastropod and 23 bivalve taxa in addition to one scaphopod taxon were identified. Gastropods constituted 80% of molluscs. The abundance of molluscs averaged 1398.36 (±261.95) ind./m2. Costellaria sp. was the most abundant gastropod and Ervilia scaliola, the most abundant bivalve species. Abundance of molluscs in different stations showed significant differences (p<0.05). Station C, located near Abu Musa Island, with an average abundance of 8040 (±1625.30) ind./m2, was the most abundant site. Average values for Shanon and Simpson indices were 2.08 (±0.11) and 0.81 (±0.02), respectively. The average abundance of molluscs was significantly correlated with depth, sediment temperature (p<0.01), salinity and TOM (p<0.05). Mollusc diversity showed significant correlation with sediment temperature, salinity, depth (p<0.05) and TOM (p<0.01).
  • Sedigheh Babadi, Ali Reza Safahieh, Mohammad Bagher Nabavi, Kamal Ghanemi, Mohammad Taghi Ronagh Pages 49-56
    In the present study, Mercury (Hg) accumulation in different tissues of Yellowfin seabream under different Hg concentrations in the medium were investigated. For this, PurPuse 45 fish specimen of the same size (19.2±1.8cm and 134.0±36.1 g) were caught from Musa Estuary, in northwest of the Persian Gulf and transferred to the laboratory. Fish were divided into five different groups of 9 fish each. Each group was exposed to nominal Hg concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg L-1 of HgCl2. Control fish were not exposed to Hg. After 21 days, fish were captured and their tissues (scale, fin, bone, skin, muscle, gill and liver) dissected. Tissue samples were digested and Hg concentration determined using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that different tissues accumulated different amounts of Hg. The order of Hg accumulation in Hg-treated fish was as follows: liver> gills> muscle≥ skin≥ bones≥ fins and scales, which was differeed than that in control fish tissues. Hg accumulations in all tissues strongly and positively correlated with Hg concentrations in the medium.
    Keywords: Mercury, Accumulation, Yellowfin seabream, HgCl2
  • Mansoor Kiani Moghadam Pages 57-64
    Many methods have been adopted by shipping operators to evaluate, analyze and select ports of calls. Majority of these methods are generally based on evaluating different port performance criteria involved. The ports performance criteria are interrelated and are of a complex nature. Comparison of ports by different evaluation methods provides a basis for implementing operating strategies for port and shipping operators. However, the analyses of qualitative parameters together with quantitative attributes have been under-valued or even neglected in many of the previous studies. An Extent Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (E-Fuzzy AHP) proposed by this study allows multiple integrated criteria to be analyzed and evaluated. The study also provides a decision support tool based on the principles of E-Fuzzy AHP to rank and introduce the most determining operational attributes for port selection through incorporating the quantitative and the qualitative integrated attributes into three main criteria including port ownership, port connections and relevant data factors for analysis. The concrete basis provided in E-Fuzzy AHP environment has shown that amongst three alternatives nominated, notably, financial, customer, and operation perspectives, the operation perspectives has obtained the highest priority with a ratio of 41%.
    Keywords: Decision support, Evaluation criteria, Extent fuzzy AHP, Port performance
  • Hamid Mohammadiazarm, Lee Sang-Min Pages 65-76
    This study was carried out to investigate the effect of replacing fish meal protein with fermented soybean meal (FSM) in diets on growth performance, feed utilization, morphological parameters, body composition, activities of antioxidant and digestive enzymes and also blood biochemistry of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Five isonitrogenic and isolipidic diets were prepared to contain 0 (control), 80, 160, 240 and 320 g kg-1 FSM in diets. Triplicate groups (30 fish for each tank) of juvenile olive flounder averaging 11.9±0.19 g were fed each diet to visual satiation at two meals per day for 8 weeks. The fish fed diets containing up to 240 g kg-1 FSM had no significant differences in the survival, final growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio compared with control group. Fish fed diet containing 320 g kg-1 FSM showed significantly lower survival, growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio than in control group. Triglyceride and total protein contents of plasma in fish fed with the FSM diets as well as hepatosomatic indices were greater in fish fed with diets containing 240 and 320 g kg-1 FSM than in control. Proximate composition, amino acid profile of dorsal muscle, activity of digestive enzymes in intestine and activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver and plasma were not affected by different levels of FSM compared with control group. This study showed that FSM has potential to replace fish meal up to 240 g kg-1 diet for growth of juvenile olive flounder but better growth performance obtained with 80 g kg-1 diet.
    Keywords: Replacement, Fermented soybean meal, Paralichthys olivaceus, Growth