نشریه اصول بهداشت روانی
سال هفدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 65، بهمن و اسفند 1393)

The acute mania is a dangerous part of bipolar disorder so it needs to an appropriate psycho-social and medical treatment that prevents of serious dangers for patients. The mood stabilizers such as sodium valproate and atypic antipsychotics such as quetiapine are used in combination or lonely for treatment of acute mania related to bipolar disorder. The treatment effects of quetiapine in combination with sodium valproate indicated in different researches but according to adverse interactions in taking of this combination, it is necessary that researchers compare the effects of quetiapine and valproate. This review aimed to compare the effects of quetiapine versus valproate in acute mania. Review: Through search in scientific indexes (until February 2015) 4 studies found. The results of them indicated that there is no significant difference between two medicals and both of them are effective in treatment although some studies indicated that the treatment effects of quetiapine appear more rapidly than sodium valproate. It seems that quetiapine has equal effects to valproate in treatment of acute mania although some studies indicated that its treatment effects appear more rapidly than sodium valproate.

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between permissive, authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles, emotional intelligence and religiosity with addiction potential among students in highschools of Ahvaz. The population of this correlational study consists of 26 high school students (Ahvaz) selected through multistage cluster sampling method. The tools used for collecting data included Buri’s Parental Authority Questionnaire, Aryan’s Religiosity styles, Shatte's Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) and Zargar's Addiction Potential Scale. Data analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression analysis. There are significant relationships between permissive, authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles, emotional intelligence, and religiosity with active addiction potential, and between authoritarian parenting style, religiosity, and emotional intelligence with passive addiction potential (P=0.001). There was no significant relationship between permissive and authoritative styles with passive addiction potential. Step-by step regression analysis indicated that among the research variables religiosity, permissive parenting style, emotional intelligence, authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles are significant predictors for active addiction potential respectively and explain about 39% of its variance. Additionally authoritarian parenting style and religiosity are significant predictors for passive addiction potential and account for 11% of its variance. It seems that authoritative parenting style, religiosity and emotional intelligence are effective in reducing addiction potential among the high schools students.

Infertility is accompanied by numerous physical, psychological and economic issues, leading to significant impacts on spousal relations, marital satisfaction or burnout of a couple. Relationship beliefs have a significant role in the management of this stressful factor as well as in marital relations. This research sets out to study relationship beliefs and marital burnout among fertile and infertile couples. The population of this descriptive-correlational study comprises of fertile and infertile couples seeking treatment from Mashhad Infertility Treatment Clinic (2012). Via convenience sampling, 130 fertile and 130 infertile couples were selected according to medical criteria. The participants filled out the demographic data, Pine's Burnout Measure, and Epstein and Eidelson's Relationship Belief Inventory questionnaires. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistical methods, step by stem regression, one way variance analysis, Scheffe's tests, multi variable variance analysis, and independent T-test by SPSS version 18. All the scores concerning relationship beliefs were higher in the fertile group in comparison to the scores within the infertile group, except for the destructiveness belief and inflexibility of the spouse (respectively P=0.28, P=0.21) other factors in the fertile and infertile groups were significantly different. Regarding the marital burnout factor, the scores pertaining to psychological burnout were significantly higher in the infertile group (P=0.001). Although the scores pertaining to physical burnout were higher in the infertile group, and emotional burnout was higher in the fertile group, these differences were not significant. Compared to the fertile group, the infertile couples are characterized by stronger relationship beliefs, but they experience higher marital burnout in physical and psychological dimensions.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a major disability of childhood which is the basis of many mental pressures on children and their families. Regarding the unfavorable effects of this disorder on the family system, the present research aims to design a family- focused therapy based on the integrated human development approach which is a new approach in the treatment of ASD. In this model, to enhance the abilities of the child, family functioning is set the objective as a general unit, and its effectiveness in combination with Floortime therapy which is the center of therapy of this model is investigated. This study uses single-subject design framework where 12 children with autism aged between 3 to 8 years old and their families are examined during 5 months; the research data were collected from three phases. In order to examine the effectiveness of therapy, the researcher-built instruments of (DFFAQ), (FEDQ) and (FEAS) were used. According to the results, the percentage of improvement in developmental family functioning in the mixed family- focused therapy group were above 50 percent, especially in the areas of intimacy, engagement, discipline and also the functional-emotional development of children in the self-regulation, attachment, and mutual interaction levels; thus, the improvement were clinically significant. The effectiveness of treatment in mixed therapy was estimated higher than 0.80. The mixed family-focused therapy which was designed in this study can increase the effectiveness of Floortime therapy and be used as an effective therapy for the treatment of ASD.

The emotions are necessary for shaping and keeping interpersonal relations and interaction to others and family relationships. Having management skills of emotions and such awareness of abilities and self can help to optimize emotions and cognitive schema. Present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the group training with multiple Lazarus approach on happiness among women. The statistical community of this clinical trial was all women referred to social working clinic of Aftab Shargh in Islamshahr (2013). 24 subjects who received low scores based on Oxford Happiness Questionnaire were selected through available sampling and randomly assigned in groups of experiment and control. Interventions based on Lazarus approach was done on the experimental group in 10 one hour sessions. All participants fulfilled the questionnaire. Data were collected by Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS-19 software through analysis of covariance. There is no significant difference between the mean scores of happiness among experimental and control groups in pre-test phase (P>0.05) but this difference is significant in post-interventional phase (P=0.001). Research results provide some evidence that the group training with multiple Lazarus approach is an appropriate skill for enhancing happiness in women. Therefore, in order to increase women’s happiness, it may be useful that the cognitive, effective and behavioral dimensions.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on anxiety and quality of sleep of pregnant women in third trimester. This clinical trial conducted in a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. In this study 40 pregnant women were selected by cluster sampling from those referred to Nabi e-Akram and Me’raj health centers of Bushehr city in the winter of 2013, who were at 31 or 32 weeks of pregnancy, and fulfilled the required research criteria. Then they were randomly allocated to one of the experimental or control groups. After the pre-test, the experimental group was subjected to 7 sessions of SIT training. Data were collected using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Questionnaire (PSQI). Data were analyzed by t-test, covariance analysis and SPSS 16 software. The results showed a significant decrease in the post-test mean scores of anxiety and sleep disorder in the experimental group compared to the pre-test and control group (P=0.01). The findings support the effectiveness of SIT in relieving anxiety and sleep disorder in pregnancy. It seems that the use of psychological interventions such as stress inoculation training can reduce distress and improve women's health during pregnancy.

Adolescence is one of the most sensitive, critical and important periods of development in human lifespan. Adolescents may make decisions that lead to risky and inefficient behaviors such as delinquency because of the instability in their mental status. The aim of the present study is to study the mediating role of resilience in personality characteristics and attitudes toward delinquency. The sample of this descriptive study included 400 female high school students in secondary schools in Kerman in the second semester of the 2012-2013 academic year, selected by random sampling method. Attitude toward Delinquency scale, Resilience Scale, and NEO five-factor inventory were used as instruments. The data were analyzed with path analysis method by Mplus-5 software. The analysis showed that conscientiousness (P<0.001) and neuroticism (P 0.001) could predict negative attitude toward delinquency via resilience both directly and indirectly, while extraversion (P<0.01) could only predict negative attitude toward delinquency indirectly. Also, conscientiousness (P<0.001) had a negative and significant effect on positive attitude toward delinquency. According to the results, since adolescents are more exposed to social and psychological risks, it seems that we can prevent them from delinquency by enhancing their conscientiousness and resilience.