Iranian Journal of Catalysis
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Winter 2015

An efficient synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives is achieved via Hantzsch condensation reaction between aldehydes, dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic amount of SFHS in ethanol. This method gives remarkable advantages such as shorter reaction time, simple workup procedure and good to excellent yields. Furthermore the catalyst can be recovered conveniently and reused efficiently. To analyze potential anticancer activity, synthesized derivatives were docked to tyrosine protein kinase (1YJ) against 4ST and PTR binding sites.

A convenient synthesis of different types of polyfunctional dihydropyrrol-2-ones via one-pot four component reactions of formaldehyde, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and amines, catalyzed by trichloroacetic acid (Cl3CCO2H) at room temperature has been investigated. The significant advantages of this synthetic method are mild reaction conditions, available and inexpensive material, short reaction times, good yields, simple work-up.

The ionic liquid, N,N,N,N-tetramethylguanidiniumtriflate (TMGTf) was found to be an efficient catalyst solvent for Henry reaction between nitromethane and isatin derivatives to provide 3-hydroxy-3-(nitromethyl)indolin-2-one under mild conditions. The ionic liquid amenable to successive recycling without appreciable decrease in activity. Synthesized compounds have been screened for their anti-diabetic activity.(The ionic liquid, N,N,N,N-tetramethylguanidiniumtriflate (TMGTf) was found to be an efficient catalyst solvent for Henry reaction between nitromethane and isatin derivatives to provide 3-hydroxy-3-(nitromethyl)indolin-2-one under mild conditions. The ionic liquid amenable to successive recycling without appreciable decrease in activity. Synthesized compounds have been screened for their anti-diabetic activity, i try to submit paper)

A new dimeric orthopalladated complex was synthesized via reaction of 2,3-dimethoxy benzaldehyde oxime with palladium chloride and lithium chloride in methanol as solvent and sodium acetate as base at room temperature. The catalytic activity of this dimeric [Pd{C6H2(-CH=NOH)-(OMe)2-2,3}(µ-Cl)]2 complex as an efficient, air, and moisture tolerant catalyst was investigated in Mizoroki–Heck cross coupling reaction of various aryl halides and also arenesulfonyl chloridesas the electrophilic partners with different coupling partner alkenes such as methylacrylate, methylmetacrylate and styrene. The combination of homogenous metal catalyst, microwave irradiation, and microwave-active polar solvents gave high yields of functionalized aryl-alkene products in short reaction times.

FeCl3.6H2O was used as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines via a one-pot five-component reaction of aromatic amines, aromatic aldehydes and β-keto esters in EtOH at room temperature. The remarkable advantages offered by this method are good yields, simple procedure, short reaction times, no need to column chromatography and easy work-up. The structures of all compounds were characterized by comparison of their IR and NMR spectra with authentic samples. Also, the relative stereochemistry of these piperidines has been confirmed by single X-ray crystallography analysis in previously reported literature. Starting materials with electron-deficient or electron-releasing groups were reacted efficiently.

A green and efficient one pot, three component protocol for synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines by cyclocondensation of β-naphthol, aldehyde, and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil using L-proline as a beneficial catalyst with high catalytic activity under solvent-free conditions at 100 °C is described. In this study, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing groups as well as electron-donating groups, were rapidly converted to the corresponding naphthopyranopyrimidine derivatives in good to excellent yields. The present approach offers several advantages such as short reaction times, simple work-up, excellent yields, non-toxicity of the catalyst, and solvent-free conditions.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidine derivatives using L-proline as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The catalysts can be recovered for the subsequent reactions and reused without any loss of efficiency.

A series of Fe3O4 supported on mesoporous FDU-12 silica systems were prepared by the hydrothermal conditions. The surface properties of the functionalized catalyst were analyzed by a series of characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption and TEM. XRD and adsorption–desorption analysis shows that the mesostructure of FDU silica remains intact after Fe3O4 modifications, while spectral technique show the successful immobilizing of the neat Fe3O4 inside the porous silica support. Fe3O4/FDU-12 system, has emerged as highly efficient and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols with H2O2 at reflux conditions because of its high specific surface area, tuneable pore size, and unique structure. The advantages of this catalytic system is mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, high product yields, easy preparation of the catalysts, non-toxicity of the catalysts, simple and clean work-up of the desired products. The wet catalyst can be removed easily, recovered and reused without significant loss of activity.

Nano TiO2 supported on SiO2 (Nano TiO2@SiO2) as a solid Lewis acid, was described to be an effective and reusable catalyst for one-pot three-component reaction of benzil, aryl aldehydes and ammonium acetate for the synthesis 2-aryl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imdazoles synthesis. To explore the high efficacy of the catalytic system the four-component cyclization of benzil, aryl aldehydes, ammonium acetate and anilines has also been accomplished successfully to obtain their 1,2-diaryl-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole adducts. A plausible mechanism has also been expressed. The catalyst has been recovered and its reusability confirmed in 4 runs. High yields, simple operation, easy-work procedure, mild reaction conditions in addition with reusability are some advantages of this protocol.

A novel catalytic synthesis of 3,3''-(arylmethylene)-bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-one) derivatives from a tandem condensation reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes has been developed. The reaction occurs in water in the presence of Melamine trisulfonic acid as catalyst to give the corresponding products in good to high yields. This green approach has several advantages such as short reaction times, clean reaction profiles, and simple experimental and workup procedures. Moreover, the catalyst can be easily recovered by filtration and used at least seven times with only slight reduction in its catalytic activity. The results of the presented protocol in comparison with the different available catalysts in condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with 4-Hydroxycoumarin show that MTSA presented better results due to the structure of MTSA.

Freshly prepared ZnO nanoparticles were used as an effective heterogeneous base catalyst for the synthesis of aryloximes. The conversion of arylaldehydes and arylketones into the corresponding oximes (up to quantitative yields) was achieved by simply mixing the liquid reactants and hydroxylamine hydrochloride with ZnO nanoparticles under solvent-free condition. The procedure was carried out under wet conditions for solid reactants. The advantages of this method include mild reaction conditions, one-pot procedure, operational simplicity and use of inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst.

Sucrose is applied as an efficient catalyst for the three-component reaction consisting of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and resorcinol in a mixture of water and ethanol media as green solvents. The advantages of this method are excellent yeild, inexpensive catalyst and more environmentally friendly. Mechanistic insight into the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene included spectral kinetics approaches is revealed. From the temperature, concentration and solvent studies, the activation energy (Ea=102 kJmol-1) and the related kinetic parameters (ΔGǂ=41 kJmol-1, ΔSǂ=195 Jmol-1 and ΔHǂ=99 kJ mol-1) are calculated. The first step of proposed mechanism is recognized as a rate-determining step (k1) and this is confirmed based upon the steady-state approximation.

This study reports the synthesis of chitosan anchored Schiff base, ([2-oxo-1H-indol-3-ylidene] amino) chitosan and its Cu (II) metal complex. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR Spectrum, thermogravimetry analysis. The crystallinity of the compound was analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction technique. The catalytic efficiency of complex was studied in the oxidation of alcohols namely propanol, n-butanol, n-hexanol and benzyl alcohol using non toxic ecofriendly and easily available molecular oxygen as an oxidant. Furthermore the effects of various parameters including temperature, catalyst amount and effect of solvent have also been studied. The complex was found a suitable candidate in bringing out the oxidation reactions.

Saeed Baghery was born in Amol/Mazandaran (Iran) in 1985. He completed his B.Sc. in Pure chemistry in 2009 from Islamic Azad University of Amol, Mazandaran, Iran. He was graduated from M.Sc. degree under the supervision of Dr. Seyed Mohammad Vahdat in Organic Chemistry from Islamic Azad University of Amol, Mazandaran, Iran. He is currently Organic Chemistry Ph.D student under the supervision of Prof. Mohammad Ali Zolfigol in Department of Chemistry at Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. His research interest is synthesis of ionic liquids and molten salts catalysts, and their applications in the organic synthesis.

Ehsan Noroozizadeh was born in Dezful/Khoozestan, Iran. He received his B.S. in Pure Chemistry (2011) and M.S. in Organic Chemistry (2013) from Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. He is currently working towards his Ph.D. under the supervision of Professor Mohammad Ali Zolfigol. His research interest is catalysis, including the application of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in organic synthesis.