مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قم
سال نهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 38، خرداد 1394)

The oxidative stress caused by side effects of cyclophosphamide reduce fertility، and even cause infertility in people that treated with this drug. In this project، the protective role of ethyl pyruvate on ovarian follicles after chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide evaluated. In this experimental study، 15 female mice in age 8-9 weeks، divided into 3 groups. The control group، received normal saline (0. 1ml، IP/day)، Sham control group، received cyclophosphamide (15mg/kg،IP/week)، and the experimental group، along with cyclophosphamide treated with ethyl pyruvate (40mg/kg،IP/day). After the end of treatment in day 21، levels of the hormone of estradiol، and serum antioxidant enzymes، Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Total antioxidant (TAOC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the left ovarian tissue was measured، and the right ovaries were used for histological and histomorphometrical studies. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software، and ANOVA and TUKEY test at the level of (p<0. 05) performed. Results in sham control group showed a significant reduction in mean distribution of growing ovarian follicles، corpus lutem، and amount of sex hormone and serum TAOC and SOD، and a notable increase of preantral atretic follicles، mast cells and level of MDA in comparison to control group (p<0. 05). The treatment with ethyl pyruvate possess a significant protective effect on aforementioned parameters in comparison to sham control group (p<0. 05). According to results of present study administration of ethyl pyruvate، along with chemotherapy was able to significantly prevent the adverse side effects of cyclophosphamide on ovarian tissue.

From centuries ago, Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) has been known as a medicinal plant. VAC is a native phytoestrogen plant in Middle East and south Europe with has a clinical usage in many countries. In this research, antimicrobial effect of essential oil of VAC was investigated on Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and was compared with Ampicilin, Gentamicin and Nystatin. Essential oil of VAC was extracted by hydrodistillation technique using Clevenger apparatus. Chemical constituents was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for evaluation of antimicrobial effect Disk diffusion and Macrodilution methods were used. Essentical oil of VAC inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans at ¬Concentrations 56. 25µg/ml and 112. 5µg/ml respectively. The zones of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans by Disk diffusion method were 9. 3mm and 10. 3mm respectively. This essential oil inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at concentration 450µg/ml, but by using Disk diffusion method, no zone of inhibition has been seen for these two bacteries, by GC/MS analysis of essential oil identified 36 compounds, the major constituents were Isoterpinolene (19. 4٪), Caryophylene (18. 53٪), -Pinene (14. 1٪). According to the results of this research, the essential oil of VAC has antimicrobial effect, in comparison with antibacterial effect of Ampicilin and Gentamicin has significant difference (p<0. 001). Antifungal effect of this essential oil in comparsion with Nystatin doesn’t have significant difference (p>0. 05).

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a lipophilic blistering agent that alkylates a wide range of cellular macromolecules including DNA, RNA and protein, leading to cell death in different tissues. In spite of numerous studies, the mechanism of action of SM is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SM on antioxidant system enzymes in different tissues of rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups as followed: Group 1 control that received DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide used as solvent), group 2-7 as experimental groups that received SM (1-80mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection only once. 24 hours after injection, animals were anesthetized and kidney, lung and heart tissues were quickly removed. Blood was also collected by cardiac puncture, plasma and erythrocytes were obtained. Then, the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in different tissues were determined by biochemical methods. The data were analyzed using one way variance analysis followed by post hoc analysis using Tukey test. The significance level was considered as p<0.05. At doses lower than 20mg/kg SM, the increased SOD and GST activities in lung and GST activity in heart were observed, while antioxidant enzymes activities in different tissues were decreased at higher doses of SM. SM affects the antioxidant defense system in a dose-dependent manner. At lower doses than 20mg/kg, the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes may be a compensatory response to scavenge reactive oxygen species and the decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes at higher doses of SM is indicative the induction of oxidative stress and cell death in tissues.

One of the public concerns is emergence of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. VanA and vanB genes is responsible for resistance to high concentrations of Vancomycin. The purpose of this study is detection of the vanA and vanB genes in the Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from hospitalized patients in Shariati hospital and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. A total of 228 samples, including urine, blood, wound and stool were collected from patients referred to the Shariati hospital. Suspected grown colonies were identified by standard methods and then antibiotic susceptibility testing by disk diffusion assay performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). E. test was used to determination of MIC levels on the samples with resistance to Vancomycin. Distribution of vanA and vanB genes was determined by using of PCR method. In this study, out of 113 achieved Enterococcus, the highest and lowest prevalence of E. faecalis and E. faecium were 103 (91.1%) and 10 (8.9%), respectively. In the disk diffusion method, 11 (7/9%) strains were resistant to Vancomycin. All Vancomycin resistance isolates revealed vanA, but not vanB. The increase of Vancomycin resistance strains is a serious threat in the world and our country. Furthermore, the limited treatment options for patients with Enterococcus infections caused increasing cost and transfer resistance genes to other bacteria.

Although studies have shown that viability rate of transferred blastocysts in comparison to embryos in previous stages is higher, the viability rate of warmed blastocysts was lower than embryos in other stages. This can be attributed to the present of fluid filled blastocoel cavity and potential risk of ice crystal formation. Moreover, the fluid can serve as an isolator against penetration of cryoprotectant agents (CPAs) to the embryos. In the present study by applying artificial collapse (AC) on blastocysts, we aimed to evaluate the effect of reduced volume of blastocoele fluid prior to vitrification on the quality of warmed in vitro mice embryos. In this regards, quantity of Fgf4 gene expression, viability and hatching rates were considered. Mouse blastocysts divided into 3 groups including: A) Vitrified-thawed blastocysts after artificial collapse, B) Vitrified-thawed blastocysts, C) Fresh blastocysts as a control group. The survival and hatching rate of embryos were evaluated by SPSS and one way ANOVA with post hoc Duncan test and the expression of Fgf4 gene was assessed by Real Time PCR technique in comparison to control group. Artificial collapse improved the rate of zona pellucida hatching showed a significant increase (p<0.05). Moreover, the level of Fgf4 gene expression in the AC group increased significantly (p<0.05) in comparison to the control group. It can be concluded that artificial collapse of blastocyst could be effective way to improve the implantation rate.

According to wide mass data collection at medical centers and proper use of it in order to diagnosis of a malady needs to relevant tools and medical science for data analyzing. Infertility diagnosis studied by data mining techniques. All information had been extract from patient's documents of ACECR Center for Infertility Treatment, Qom Branch; 700 sample were selected among 14,242 cases in 15 years of age, duration of infertility, family connections, infertility, family, job, male, female menstrual cycle type, hirsutism, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, cause of infertility, female body mass index, smoking and semen tests were used. The prediction algorithms C5.0, C & R tree, CHAID and K-means clustering algorithm to determine the optimal number of clusters Davis - Buldian used. According to the accepted model, the error is less CHAID algorithm, the most important factor in infertility in the female body mass index, age, disease, hirsutism, infertility, family, illness, galactorrhea, the amount of sperm per milliliter, duration of infertility, old man, were consanguineous couples. According to this model, most of the men's wear agents were identified. In this study, the effect of female infertility factors predicted.

Nowadays, not only obesity but also a low body mass index (BMI) may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of circuit resistance training with and Medicago sativa supplement on interlukin-18 (IL-18) and interlukin-10 (IL-10) in young girls with low BMI. In Quasi-experimental study, 30 sedentary young girls with low BMI were randomly divided in three groups: Exercise+supplement, supplement and control (n=10). Circuit resistance training consisted of 10 exercise movements at 60-80% of one repeated maximal in 8-12 repetition (in 3 circuits), 60 min per day and 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Medicago sativa supplement was consumed 3 ml kg-1 body weight for 3 times a day. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after 4 weeks. IL-18 and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA method and data were analyzed by paired t and one-way analysis variance (ANOVA) tests. After 4 weeks, IL-10 levels was significantly increased in supplement and exercise+supplement groups in compared to the control group (p<0.05) whereas, IL-18 levels decreased in exercise+supplement group (p<0.05). In addition percent changes of the IL-10 and IL-18 levels of exercise+supplement group were higher compared to the supplement group (p<0.05). These findings suggest that resistance training associated with Medicago Sativa supplement intervention as an important non-pharmacological strategy may improve anti-inflammatory statute in individuals with low body mass index.

Adult onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic, inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology.This disorder is characterized by spiking fever, evanescent rash and joint involvement. Elevated CRP, ferritin levels, white blood cells and platelet counts are some laboratory features of this disorder. hyperferritinemia may play a useful role in diagnosis and monitoring the disease.Case Report: In this article a 27 year old male with fever, sore throat, myalgia, splenomegaly and hyperferritinemia is described, who was diagnosed and treated as a case of adult onset Still's disease.