فهرست مطالب

School Health - Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2015

International Journal of School Health
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/02/24
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mansooreh Dehghani, Farzaneh Rozzstami, Mohammad Reza Javaheri, Samaneh Shahsavani, Narges Shamsedini * Page 1
    Background
    The intellectual capability and personalities of children, who form the future of a nation, develop in elementary school. The educational organizations help students get rightful education and guidance and to grow up happily..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study is to evaluate the health status of elementary schools in the city of Kazeroon, Fars Province, Iran..
    Materials And Methods
    This research attempted to measure the physical environmental health conditions of 41 elementary schools in the educational district of Kazeroon. We used a questionnaire consisting of 88 questions prepared by Iranian Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education. Data were collected by interview with school administrators and health instructors and analyzed using SPSS, version 18 and Chi-square test..
    Results
    According to the results obtained, 85% of the schools were equipped with fan or air condition. In addition, 17% of the schools had separate labs and the rest used school health room as a lab. The environmental health conditions in none of the school pantries complied with the article 13 of the law on food, beverage and cosmetics, in addition to lacking the basic principles of the physical school conditions..
    Conclusions
    Many elementary schools in Kazeroon have urgent needs for restrooms, drinking water fountains, emergency exit ways, and maintenance of old buildings. The problem mostly arises from the lack of information of the school’s administrators and health instructors with the standard requirements for school environmental health quality. Therefore, it is highly recommended to upgrade the physical and school environmental health conditions, and increase awareness and update the knowledge of the education authorities about the school environmental health condition. A close cooperation between the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education is recommended to solve the health problems in the schools in order to prevent diseases and injuries to the health of the students..
    Keywords: Environmental Health, Schools, Students
  • Shiva Faghih, Parisa Keshani *, Azadeh Salar, Seiedeh Hamideh Rajaei, Zahra Mirzaei, Seyed Mohammad Moosavi, Zeynab Hematdar Page 2
    Background
    Obesity is one of the main risk factors of chronic diseases in adults. Children obesity is related to adulthood obesity. Some studies indicate that there is an association between unhealthy food habits and obesity..
    Objectives
    This study aimed to evaluate the association between obesity, unhealthy food habits, and nutritional knowledge of primary school children..Patients and
    Methods
    This cross-sectional survey was carried out to study obesity, unhealthy food habits, nutritional knowledge and measuring weight, height and waist circumference of 221 grade 4 students, selected by cluster sampling in primary schools of Shiraz, southern Iran. Also a questionnaire about their nutritional knowledge, socioeconomic status, and frequency of food consumption was filled out for each of them. The statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS version 19..
    Results
    Mean ± standard deviation of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were 18.50 ± 4.99 (kg/m2) and 63.17 ± 8.12 (cm), respectively. The prevalence of obesity, overweight, and central obesity were 14.97%, 15.45%, 38.3%, respectively. Intake of dairy (1.67 ± 1.12 serving/d) and fruits with vegetables (3.09 ± 1.93 serving/wk) were significantly less than the recommended amounts (P 0.001). The respective frequency of fast food and sweets consumption were 2.37 ± 2.30 (serving/wk) and 18.54 ± 12.42 (serving/wk). Students with better nutritional knowledge had higher BMI and WC and showed no differences in food intakes but fast foods. Moreover, there were no significant differences in food habits among the normal, overweight, and obese students..
    Conclusions
    The results of our study indicated that high prevalence of obesity among children in fourth grade of primary schools in Shiraz was not the result of unhealthy food habits, but may be affected more by total energy intake or inactivity. Also, it seems that parents’ concerns about the health status of their obese children have led to better nutritional knowledge of their youngsters..
    Keywords: Children, Obesity, Food Habits, Knowledge
  • Sulmaz Ghahramani, Pegah Jahani, Gholamreza Abdollahifard * Page 3
    Background
    Teachers and university faculty members can play key role in raising the awareness and knowledge of the populations and potentially change their attitude and behavior regarding CRC. Thus considering the important role played by this group and regarding the increasing rate of CRC, the present study attempted to evaluate the basic knowledge of high-school teachers and university faculty members and their attitude and practice in connection with CRC screening test..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge, attitude and practice about Colorectal Cancer Screening between University Faculty members and High School teachers in Shiraz, Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study comprised 832 subjects with high education level. Use of a sample size formula indicated the need for at least 770 participants; a population goal was set at 831 individuals. The study involved 424 males (212 high school teachers and 212 faculty members) and 417 females (206 high school teachers and 211 faculty members). Stratified random sampling method was carried out proportionally to population size in each group. Questionnaires were completed via face to face interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS.V.13..
    Results
    Mean scores for knowledge of male faculty members (3.47 ± 1.39) and female teachers (4.09 ± 1.51) were greater than female faculty members (2.36 ± 1.28) and male teachers (2.65 ± 1.96). Male faculty members had higher mean scores for attitude (3.00 ± 1.61) than that of female teachers (3.00 ± 2.09). A significant difference was observed in mean knowledge scores (P = 0.001) of female teachers with different academic degrees, but not in regard to attitude (P = 0.89)..
    Conclusions
    This study showed no acceptable level of knowledge, attitude and practice about screening of colon cancer among faculty members and teachers from different areas of Shiraz. This calls for further attention paid by health professionals and other authorities concerned with regard to providing the population under study with necessary information about colon cancer screening..
    Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Colorectal Neoplasms, Early Detection of Cancer
  • Fatemeh Rakhshane, Sheada Sepahi *, Sohila Khoda Karim, Vida Sepahi, Arash Slahshoori, Azam Geravandi Page 4
    Background
    In designing appropriate programs to prevent risky behavioral models in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases, it is highly significant to accurately identify the predictors of cardiovascular health-related behaviors, especially in the teenagers and adults of different genders, a measure enhancing the efficiency of cardiovascular health promotion programs in different societies..
    Objectives
    This study was conducted to compare the impact of physical activity on cardiovascular health-related behaviors, based on the perceived benefits and barriers in male and female high school students in Kermanshah..
    Materials And Methods
    This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to analyze the predictors of cardiovascular health-related behaviors based on the perceived benefits and barriers. A total number of 500 male and female high school students in Kermanshah recruited in the academic year 2013-2014 through multi-stage random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire including 34 questions classified into 3 sections: demographic information, physical activity model, perceived benefit and barrier, and physical activity. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software using descriptive and inferential statistics..
    Results
    Results showed, there was a statistically significant difference between perceived benefits and barriers of physical activity in both genders (P < 0.05). The students’ viewpoints towards perceived barriers to physical activity were different in terms of three different levels of family income with 1% error. Moreover, the findings of the test of homogeneity showed that males had a higher tendency to perform physical activities than females..
    Conclusions
    The findings of the study highlighted the role of predictors of perceived benefits and barriers in development of health promotion behaviors such as physical activity. This can help health authorities to prepare a suitable ground for students to perceive the benefits and barriers of healthy behavioral models such as doing physical activity that consequently changes their behavior..
    Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases, students, Motor Activity
  • Seyede Fateme Sajadi *, Habibe Riyahi, Zahra Sahraeeyan, Raziye Sadeghi, Fakhri Tajikzadeh, Tayebe Mahmoudi, Yadolla Zargar Page 5
    Background
    Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is the most important and prevalent entity, with a population prevalence rate of 1.4 to 5.9..
    Objectives
    Although, the epidemiology of BPD is insufficiently known, our objective was to compare the cross-sectional prevalence and intensity of this disorder among high school male and female students..Patients and
    Methods
    The study comprised of 1265 male/female high school students in educational year 2013 to 2014 in Fars province, selected by multi-stage random sampling. Data collection was done using Borderline Personality Features Scale-Children. The descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, student’s independent t-test, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis..
    Results
    The prevalence rate of borderline personality features in whole sample is 26.6%, with 34.2% in females and 17.4% in males There was a significant difference between males and females (P < 0.001, χ2 = 6.72). Regarding total scores and related four subscales, significant differences were found between the prevalence of borderline personality features in males and females; self-harm and negative relationship subscales were higher in male students..
    Conclusions
    The results showed that there was a considerable gap between the real prevalence of borderline personality disorder in the general population and its prevalence in clinical records. Also, the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in non-clinical adolescent’s population is higher than its prevalence in adult population. It shows the necessity for more specific investigations and designing predictive plans..
    Keywords: Prevalence, Intensity, Students, Borderline Personality Features
  • Zahra Moaadeli, Aazam Hossainnejad Neyrizi *, Iman Sharifikia, Khadijeh Abbasi Marandi Page 6
    Background
    The epidemiologic evidences suggest prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases among adolescents and its substantial role in changing lifestyle and eliminating the associated risky factors. Thanks to the recent change in nutrition pattern, obesity in children and young adults has become one of fundamental health problems in the developed and developing countries, where any change in food habits requires knowing about adolescents’ nutrition attitude and performance..
    Objectives
    The present study attempts to examine the nutrition pattern of secondary school boy and girl students in Darab city..Patients and
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study comprises 400 secondary school students (196 boys and 204 girls) and 8 public and private schools with one class per each grade in Darab city of Fars Province, Iran. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire including individual and demographical items as well as items measuring the students’ awareness, attitude and practice used as research instruments. The data obtained were then analyzed through the SPSS software tests, Chi-Square and ANOVA statistical tests..
    Results
    The findings indicate that most participants had sufficient awareness and attitude related to consumption of snacks (61.5 % and 89.3%, respectively). However, considering the participants’ practice, most of the subjects were at average level (82.5%) and only 9.3% of the students had a proper nutrition practice. Moreover, parents’ job and mothers’ educational level held no statistically meaningful correlation with the rate of awareness, attitude and nutrition practice of the participants. Fathers’ level of education by far had a considerable impact on the students’ awareness, attitude, and nutritional practice..
    Conclusions
    Despite the higher levels of the participants’ awareness and attitude, their nutrition practice is inappropriate. The results suggest that increasing trainings on nutrition pattern and improvement of schools policies seems critical in order to benefit from a healthy nutrition pattern..
    Keywords: Snacks, Schools, Students
  • Sahar Hosseini Shirazi, Mohsen Jadidi *, Mohammad Bagher Saberi Zafarghand Page 7
    Background
    Most people experience anxiety in attempting to reach their goals in life and confronting the existential challenges..
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study is to compare the achievement of goals, perfectionism and anxiety among high school students..
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study comprised 200 female and male students selected from six high schools using cluster random sampling method. Achievement goal scale for public texture, Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale and DASS scale were used to collect data, analyzed by multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA), and multiple regression..
    Results
    The results showed that in the proficiency-oriented achievement goal subscales and function-oriented achievement goal subscales girls had higher scores than boys, indicated by (P < 0.021) and (P < 007), respectively. In parental expectations subscale of perfectionism girls had higher scores than male students (P < 0.013). But there were no significant differences between male and female students in the scores of the subscales of concern over mistakes, personal standards, parental criticism, parent’s expectations and organization. In the stress subscale, girls (34.39) obtained higher scores (P < 0.004) than boys (30.16). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the subscales of anxiety and depression, between the two genders. The students'' anxiety can be predicted using two subscales of function-oriented achievement goal (P < 0.002) and work avoidance oriented achievement goal (P < 0.0001)..
    Conclusions
    Considering the prediction of students'' anxiety by achievement goal sub-scales, similar research findings can be used to design training programs in order to prevent anxiety and negative perfectionism in students..
    Keywords: Achievement, Anxiety, Depression, Students