مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 130، فروردین 1394)

The level of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) in identifying patients at high risk for prostate cancer has always been a controversial issue. This study was designed in order to assess the relationship between PSA levels with age and Body Mass Index (BMI) in symptom free men. In this cross sectional study، demographic data and PSA levels in 180 men referred to Rasoul Akram Hospital with analysis، data description، chi-square and correlation tests with SPSS software were used. The mean age of men was 60. 7±9 years and the mean of BMI was 26. 1±3. 5 kg/m2. This study showed inverse correlation between PSA and BMI which was very low and insignificant (p=0. 141). But the correlation between PSA and age were significant and positive. This study showed there is no correlation between PSA and BMI. However studies which have been conducted in symptomatic patients have shown a correlation between PSA and BMI. This may result from PSA level above 10 and leading to the ambiguity that it is perhaps due to high levels of PSA.

Echinacea purpurea has long been used in folk medicine to prevent and treat a wide range of diseases like common cold، simple cough، pulmonary infections، dermatologic disorder and even chronic diseases due to immunodeficiency. This study was conducted to check the immunomodulatory properties of hydroalcoholic extract of Echinacea purpurea in NMRI-mice challenged with Sheep Red Blood Cells (SRBCs). The study population included 14 NMRI-male mice that were randomly grouped in two equal groups and immunized with SRBC. Hydroalcoholic extract of Echinacea pupurea were administered to the treatment group mice per os in daily doses of 0. 025 mg from the beginning of the study and continued for 2 weeks. Specific humoral and cellular immunity، susceptibility of macrophages respiratory burst and proliferation of immune cells were measured. The Mann-Whitney test was used in order to compare using SPSS 19 software. The findings indicated a significant increase (205. 267±10. 933) in the level of anti-SRBC antibody and simultaneously a significant decrease (15. 288±4. 202) in the level of cellular immunity in treatment group compared to control group. Lymphocyte proliferation index in splenocytes was significantly increased (1. 821±227) in treatment group. However، the level of respiratory burst intensity (0. 702±0. 020) and nitric oxide production (50. 253±2. 032) in phagocytic population of splenocytes dramatically decreased in treatment groups compared to control mice. Since، the respiratory burst and nitric oxide production of phagocytic cells decreased، the possible immunostimolatory effectiveness of Echinacea pupurea is doubtful. However، this data suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Echinacea pupurea may be used as a natural source for purposes of modulating the immune system.

Colorectal cancer is the third current cancer in the world and the forth cause of death in cancers. Certain factors such as environmental، genetic and life style are related with this cancer. The objective of this study is to find the survival of Iranian patients with colorectal cancer and also to find its prognostic factors. In this survival study، the data was collected from colorectal cancer patients who had referred to Fayyazbakhsh Hospital in Tehran from 2007 to 2009، using their hospital records. The final situation of the patients was recorded in 2012. For survival analysis of the patients، Kaplan-Meier method was used. The prognostic factors were calculated using Cox Regression. The median of survival for the patients was (38. 8±0. 35) month. The one and 5 years survival rates were 79. 2% and 39. 6%، respectively. The effect of metastasis in prognostic time، age، having surgery and grading were significant using multivariate analysis. The high age، having surgery and the increase of virulent degree were the causes of patients’ survival reduction using Cox regression. The five year survival rate is less than western countries. Since there are many young colorectal cancer patients in the country، it is possible to increase their life using screening tests and early diagnostic programs.

High interval training changes the bone metabolism. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on biochemical factor of adult male Wistar rat. In this semi-experimentral studu sixteen male Wistar rats aged 6 weeks old with weight of 250±20 g were divided into control (n=8) and experimental groups (n=8). After a week of orientation training protocol، eight weeks of incremental HIIT training program was followed. 24 hours after the last training session، anesthesia and sacrificed blood samples were taken directly from the animal''s heart. Serum PTH and ALP were determined with RAI (Imonotopic CA kit)، kinetic (Pars azmon kit)، Ca and P were determined with Arsenazo، Phosphomolydate and independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. The result indicated that the level of PTH and ALP increased significantly whereas calcium and phosphate of experimental group did not show significant rise. High intense interval training، possibly through increased PTH and protein factors، control bone mass density and volume and thus effecting bone metabolism.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a silent، turbulent and unfortunately neglected bacterium which impairs human genital tract function. This Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium with unique life cycle and immunopathogenesis result in serious complications، such as Endometritis، pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)، infertility، ability to ease HIV transmission and cofactor in human papilloma virus (HPV) -induced cervical neoplasia. To dominate these problems، vaccination is the best way of controlling the infection. Accordingly، MOMP has been implicated as a potential vaccine candidate through the years. In this study، MOMP217 gene was cloned in PET28b+ and expressed in E. coli and the protein expression confirmed by SDS-PAGE 10% Gel stained with Comassie Blue dye. Beside the in silico experiments and the epitopic important regions in this conserved fragment، rMOMP217 may be a valuable peptide for immunization study. Conclusively، with approach to animal model study for evaluation of immune system response ability، this truncated protein may be introduced as a candidate in vaccine study. Absolutely، this attempt needs more experimental works.

The aim of this study was to investigation the relationship between CRP level and mortality in ICU patients. In this retrospective cross-sectional study 150 critically patients in a university hospital was evaluated. Age، gender، organ failure and CRP level was evaluated. Then correlation between mortality and CRP level was measured. The mean age of patients was years. %47. 3 of patients were men and %52. 7 of patients were women. Prevalence of mortality in this study was %64. 7. In this study was demonstrated that CRP concentration correlate with mortality (p<0. 001). In this study was revealed that CRP level was prognostic factor for mortality in critically ill patients.

Hindlimb Unloading (HLU) is used to simulate microgravity in rats and has been shown to decrease contractile response in the abdominal aorta. The aim of present study was to investigate the contractile responses of smooth muscle of thoracic aorta following acute and chronic microgravity treatment. Male adult rats (Wistar) were subjected to HLU for 3 and 20 days to establish ground-based-model of microgravity. The thoracic aortas were dissected and suspended in Krebs-Henseleit solution less than 1 g resting tension. Concentration response curves to cumulative doses of phenylephrine (PHE) and KCL were obtained in endothelium-denuded rings from control and HLU groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using analysis of two-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test. Contractile response of 20-day HLU-treated tissues with phenylephrine and KCL were increased in endothelium-denuded rings versus control group (3. 01±0. 058 vs. 2. 23±0. 034 g at max (phenylephrine)، HLU-20 vs. control; 2. 71±0. 043 vs. 2. 06±0. 040 g at max (KCl)، HLU-20 vs. control). There was no difference in vasoresponsiveness between control and 3-day HLU rings. Results of this study suggest that chronic HLU increase smooth muscle contracting in the thoracic aorta. It is proposed that these effects may be related to the fluid shifts in microgravity condition. Briefly، studies of vascular function are of particular importance in elucidating the mechanisms underlying vascular adaptation to microgravity and its gravity based countermeasure.