مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 37 (تابستان 1394)

Nowadays nurses experience high levels of fatigue that has created considerable impairment in their performance. Nurses fatigue seriously affects at nurses'' ability for caring their patients and can lead to outcomes such as hospital readmissions. This study aimed to determine the nurses'' fatigue in neonatal intensive care units and its association with premature infants'' readmissions In Hospitals affiliated shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1392. This descriptive correlational study conducted in neonatal intensive care units in hospitals shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was conducted on nurses and neonates by census and convenience method respectively. Nurses` data were collected by using demographic characteristics questionnaire and nurses'' fatigue scale. Neonates` hospital readmission was followed up by a phone call to parents one month after discharge. In the independent t-test، Mean fatigue score of Nurses for babies who were hospitalized again (61. 71 ± 5. 67) was higher than babies without readmission (59. 44 ± 4. 69) significantly (P=0. 001). In logistic regression model there was a statistically significant association between nurses'' fatigue and preterm infants'' hospital readmission; so that for each point increase in the mean fatigue score of nurses، 9. 3 percent increased chance of infants'' hospital readmission (OR 1. 093، 95% CI 1. 036 to 1. 152، P=0. 001). Increasing fatigue of nurses، who are caring for premature infants in the NICU، will increase chance of neonate''s readmission after discharge. Considering nurses` fatigue and its management in the NICU، can reduce the emotional and financial consequences of premature neonates` readmissions.

Hospitalization in intensive care units is regarded as a critical problem for patients and their family. The issue of visiting in these units is one of the most basic issues in promoting holistic care to patients. Although evidences show the benefits of visiting، it is forbidden in intensive care units of Iran. Visiting is always a challenging matter for nurses; consequently، they show different reaction to it. For changing the policy of visiting in intensive care units، it is important to pay attention to nurses’ beliefs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nurses’ beliefs toward the open visiting in intensive care units.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 127 nurses working in intensive care units of educational hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht in 2014. Data collection instrument form to access nurses’ socio-demographic information and BAVIQ questionnaire to assess nurses’ beliefs. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS ver. 21 by t test and binomial test and (P<0. 05) was considered as significant.

Results indicated that 80. 3 and 78. 7 percent of nurses have more negative beliefs to open visiting due to hampering adequate planning interfering with direct nursing care. But 59. 80 percent of nurses believe that open visiting policy decreases family’s anxiety (p<0. 05).

Most nurses believe that open visiting due to bad effects on patient and increasing their work load، is not useful and therefore insist on its prohibition.

Women are like a pillar for their own family and family، itself، has been built upon tradition، belief and morality. This is women’s moral value which is represented in the ethical health of the individual and the society. Therefore، women’s ethical health should be identified from women’s own perspectives. The aim of this study was to identify middle-aged women perception of the concept of Ethical health and its challenges. This is a qualitative study and the method of content analysis was carried out. In this study، 15 middle-aged women were recruited; by purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews، face to face interviews were conducted. Accordingly، each interview was reviewed، and then categories were extracted. First، the semantic similarities were reviewed and the categories were identified and then in final review the related categories placed in the same categories. The main categories، from women’s perspectives، were devotion، preserving moral values and ethical challenges. Devotion category includes subcategories such as prioritizing the health of family members and trying to save marriage. Preserving moral values category includes subcategories such as respecting values and consolidating beliefs over time. Moral challenges category consists of individual and familial challenges subcategories. From the perspective of middle-aged women، the Ethical health is of high importance which influenced on various personal، domestic and social aspects of their life. The findings of the present study presented new dimensions of middle-aged women’s health regarding Ethical health which can finally have different consequences on domestic and social ethical health.

Nurses have been found to experience higher levels of stress-related burnout compared to other health care professionals. Despite studies showing that both health of nursrs and burnout are effects of exposure to stressful working environments، leading to poor health among nurses، little is known about the causal nature and direction of these relationships. The aim of this systematic review is to identify published research that has formally investigated relationships between these variables. In this review study، the published articles from1992–2013 were assessed. In order to achieve related evidences، electronic search was done in English language by using the key words; work related stress; burnout; general health; staff nurses; relationship in the following databases: CINAHL، COCHRANE، MEDLIN، PROQUEST were searched for combinations of keywords،a manual search was conducted and an independent reviewer was asked to cross validate all the electronically identified articles. Search results in multiple sites covering Of the eighty five articles that were identified from these databases، twenty one articles were excluded based on exclusion criteria; hence، a total of seventy articles were included in the study sample. The majority of identified studies exploring two way relationships (n=54) were conducted in developed countries. Existing research includes predominantly cross-sectional studies with only a few longitudinal studies (n=2); hence، the evidence base for causality is still very limited. Identifying relationships between job stress، burnout and general health nurses in the review were mostly two way and little emphasis on the nature and direction of the relationship was causal. This emphasizes the need for further research towards understanding causality.

Infants undergo painful procedures during care and treatment. Pain in infants can lead to various risks. So، it seems essential to find a simple، safe، and acceptable method for relieving pain. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of massage on physiological pain responses of infants during and after blood sampling. In this single blind randomized clinical trial، 136 infants hospitalized in the intensive care unit of Mostafa Khomeini hospital affiliated to the Shahed University were studied in 2014-15. Infants were chosen by convenience sampling and were assigned to randomly allocated into two groups; experimental group (massage) (n=68) and control group (n=68). The experimental group received one minutes of direct rhythmic effleurage massage to the antecubital fossa. Patients in the control group received the routine care of the study setting. In the two groups، behavioral changes of the infants was measured using the (NIPS) Neonatal Infant Pain Scale before intervention، immediately after، and 5 minutes after the removing the needle by a researcher who was blind to the group the infant was allocated to. We assessed the physiological pain responses caused by blood sampling such as heart rate، respiratory rate and oxygen saturation level. Also، their cry duration was measured from onset until a crying free interval of more than five seconds. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics، Mann-Whitney U، Fisher''s Exact Test، Repeated measurement، T-test، and Chi-square tests in SPSS. Results showed significant difference in the mean of pain intensity in experimental group was lower than control group (P<0. 001). There was statistically significant difference in the heart rate and respiratory rate between the groups after inserting and 5 minutes after removing the needle (P<0. 05). Moreover، the infants exposed to the massage cried significantly less during the procedure compared to the control group (P<0. 001). Results showed that massage could reduce some physiological responses of pain during blood sampling. Massage can be used as a beneficial intervention following painful procedures such as blood sampling in the NICU.

Congestive Heart Failur (CHF) is one of the most important chronic diseases in the world that the CHF patients are faced with various physical and psychological stressfull factors which leads to decreasing quality of life. The aim of this study was to dtermine quality of life in congestive heart failur patients and compaing with healthy people and other chronic diseases. Also it aimed to evaluate relationship between QOL and severity of disease and demographic variables. In this descriptive research، we evaluated the QOL of 125 CHF patients. Sample were selected by conveince method in medical centers of Maragheh and Bonab. For comparing we used 140 healthy people، 115 hemodialysis patients and 106 stroke patients. Data were collected by two parts questionniare; demographic and Quality of Life of Chronic Patient’s Scale«. Descriptive and inferential analysis (T-Test، Chi Squared Test، Fisher’s Test، Pearson’s Test) by SPSS 15 were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that quality of life in 49. 6%، of CHF patients were desirable، and in quality of life subsecter، social dimension in 83. 2% of patients was desirable، while physical dimension (63/2%) and psychological dimension (63. 2%) in most of the patients were undesirable. From patients characteristics، sex (p= 0/017)، ejection fraction (p = 0/001)، married status (p=0/009)، and educational status (p= 0/027) had significant relationship with QOL. QOL in CHF patients (134/9 ± 21) was similar to hemodialysis (131/3 ± 21)، but was lower than stroke patients (155/8 ± 33/6) and healthy people (155/2 ± 28/2). In regard to low QOl in CHF patients it is suggested that families and health care planner and managers improve quality of life in CHF patients.

The family is the first and most enduring factor that has been notedas a builder and underlying child''s behavior and personality. Given the crucial role of parenting style and the impact of their jobs on applying nurturing styles، discussion about working women is really important. In jobs related to hospitals، becauseof specific job characteristics including variable shifts and rotating and excessive working hours، work - family conflict is not a rare phenomenon. Therefore، this study aimed to determine the relationships between parentingstyles of women working in hospitals andpreschooler''s anxiety، isolation and agression. A correlational study was performed to see whether or not parentingstyles of women working in hospitals and preschooler''s anxiety، isolation and agression are correlated. A number of 70 women employed in hospitals with children aged 3-6 years who were selected by convenience sampling،took part in the study. The data was collected through questionnaire in three parts: demographic characteristics، parenting Bamrynd (1973) and behavior problems in preschool children. Questionnaires reliability and validity have been confirmed in several studies. The collected data was analyzed through conducting a series of t-tests، Pearson Correlationand SPSS16 software. The mean age of mothers was 32 years، more than half of working women were nurses. 63. 3% of the children were boys and 36. 7% were girls. The children''s mean age was 4years. According to the findings of the study the rational authority parenting style and children''s isolation، anxious and agression were negatively correlated (p≤0٫05). According to the findings، it is concluded that authoritarian parenting and Permissivestyle are positively correlated with children''s isolation، anxiety and agression. Because of the central role of mothers in developing mental and emotionalaspects of children and also special features of occupation in healthcare systems، parenting classes and methods that provide accurate patterns in the short periods for working women in hospitals، to promote efficient use ofthe principles and techniques and learn how to properly rear children from preschoolage، is suggested.

Marital burnout shows that couples are boring and lifeless from marriage. Couples with a high level differentiation and with sexual intimacy is relatively well experience a happier life. The aim of this study is Prediction of marital burnout based on differentiation and sexual intimacy in nurses. This study is from correlation type and the statistical population of study are female married nurses working in several hospitals in Tehran in 2014 year that 159 person were selected by randomly chosen. For collecting data was used from differentiation questionnaire، sexual intimacy and marital burnout inventory. Results of the analysis showed that the between differentiation and sexual intimacy with marital burnout there is significant relationship (r= 0/612، P<0/001). The results of multivariate regression indicate that differentiation and sexual intimacy specify and 37/4 percent from variation of marital. According to the results of the regression tables، differentiation and sexual intimacy variables have ability prediction of marital burnout.

Conceptual model should be explain the basic concepts of nursing (Metaparadigm)، including human beings، nursing، health and environment، and as a practical and highly flexible framework، taking into account the culture and values of the community، to act in a way that allows be used more effectively in various countries. Because of the important characteristics of scientific and professional nursing، conceptual models designed to develop knowledge and nurses'' professional identity formation. So this study aims is to develop a model based on Islamic perspective to provide a basic framework for the elimination of professional studies in Islamic societies. To achieve the concepts of the study we used philosophical inquiry and the concept’s analysis of Mors and et. al. For designing the model we used qualitatively-derived theory using of concept integration. with the study of four nursing metaparadigm base on Islamic perspective، nursing conceptual model was presented. In Islamic thought human being as an interaction with his environment. Environment has a main role in developing of health and disease of humans. On the other hand the health not only is the balance of human aspects، but also includes the balance between these aspects، So the nurse will influence in the creation and maintain human’s health، therefore nurse will benefit this matter and she/he will reach the development.