فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
Volume:18 Issue: 6, Jun 2015

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/04/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 15
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  • Kavita Garg, Shaleen Chandra, Vineet Raj, Wamiq Fareed, Muhammad Zafar Pages 529-536
    Odontogenic tumors contain a heterogeneous collection of lesions that are categorized from hamartomas to benign and malignant neoplasms of inconstant aggressiveness. Odontogenic tumors are usually extraordinary with assessed frequency of short of 0.5 cases/100,000 population for every year. The lesions such as odontogenic tumors are inferred from the components of the tooth-structuring contraption. They are discovered solely inside the maxillary and mandibular bones. This audit speaks to experiences and cooperation of the molecular and genetic variations connected to the development and movement of odontogenic tumors which incorporate oncogenes, tumor-silencer genes, APC gene, retinoblastoma genes, DNA repair genes, onco-viruses, development components, telomerase, cell cycle controllers, apoptosis-related elements, and regulators/controllers of tooth development. The reasonable and better understanding of the molecular components may prompt new ideas for their detection and administrating a better prognosis of odontogenic tumors.
    Keywords: Genes, Odontogenesis, Odontogenic tumors
  • Soheila Asadi, Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi, Massoud Saidijam, Jamshid Karimi, Reza Yadgar Azari, Azam Rezaei Farimani, Iraj Salehi Pages 537-543
    Objective(s)
    Visfatin and vaspin are secreted by adipose tissue and play key roles in glucose homeostasis and subsequently are potential targets for diabetes treatment. Resveratrol (RVS) corrects insulin secretion and improves insulin sensitivity. We investigated the RVS effects on serum antioxidants, insulin and glucose levels, also visfatin and vaspin genes expression in adipose tissue of streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced type 2 diabetic rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats (n=32) using STZ (60 mg/kg body weight) and NA (120 mg/kg body weight); rats were divided into 4 groups (n=8). Eight untreated normal rats were used as control group; four diabetic rat groups (2–5) were treated with 0, 1, 5 and 10 mg /kg body weight of RVS, respectively for 30 days. After treatment blood and adipose tissue were prepared from all animals. Serum glucose, insulin, HOMA index, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Visfatin and vaspin genes expression in adipose tissue were evaluated using real-time PCR.
    Results
    RVS reduced blood glucose significantly and increased insulin level, resulting in insulin sensitivity improvement. Furthermore RVS increased weight and TAC, while reducing serum MDA in the diabetic groups. Visfatin gene expression increased in the diabetic group, and RVS treatment reduced it. Vaspin gene expression was reduced in RVS receiving diabetic groups.
    Conclusion
    The results indicated that RVS has potential hypoglycemic effect, probably by increasing insulin level and changing gene expression of visfatin and vaspin. Moreover RVS showed antioxidant effects through reduction in peroxidiation products and augmented antioxidant capacity.
    Keywords: Grape, Insulin sensitivity, Resveratrol, Vaspin, Visfatin
  • Fang Fang, Yingxin Qin, Ling Qi, Qing Fang, Liangzhong Zhao, Shuang Chen, Qiang Li, Duo Zhang, Liguo Wang Pages 544-548
    Objective(s)
    Juglone is isolated from many species of the Juglandaceae family and used as an anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor therapeutic. Here, we evaluated juglone-induced antitumor effect in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells.
    Materials And Methods
    MTT assay was performed to examine juglone anti-proliferative effect. Cell cycle and apoptosis were studied using flow cytometry in juglone-treated SKOV3 cells. To investigate molecular mechanism of cell cycle and apoptosis, protein expression levels were measured by Western blot analysis of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and caspase-3. To investigate the motility of juglone-treated SKOV3 cell, Matrigel invasion assay was employed to characterize cell invasion. Also, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression levels were detected by western blot.
    Results
    Juglone significantly inhibited SKOV3 cell proliferation as shown by G0/G1 phase arrest, and this effect was mediated by inactivation of cyclin D1 protein (P<0.05). Juglone induced apoptosis in SKOV3 cell which was accompanied by caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation (P<0.05). Juglone decreased Bcl-2 levels and increased Bax and cytochrome c (Cyt c) levels(P<0.05). Juglone sufficiently inhibited invasion while evidently decreased MMP-2 expression (P<0.05).
    Conclusion
    The results suggest that juglone could probably induce apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and restrained cell invasiveness by decreasing MMP expression.
    Keywords: Apoptosis, Cell cycle arrest, Invasion, Juglone, Ovarian cancer
  • Kambiz Hassanzadeh, Mehrnoush Nikzaban, Mohammad Raman Moloudi, Esmael Izadpanah Pages 549-554
    Objective(s)
    The stimulation of neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation into neurons has attracted great attention in management of neurodegenerative disease and traumatic brain injury. It has been reported that selegiline could enhance the morphologic differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the effects of selegiline on NSCs differentiation with focus on the role of neurotrophic factor gene expression.
    Materials And Methods
    The NSCs were isolated from lateral ventricle of C57 mice brain. The cells were exposed to selegiline in nano to micromolar concentrations for 24 hr or 72 hr. In order to assay the effect of selegiline on NSCs differentiation into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, immunocytochemical techniques were utilized. Samples were exposed to specific antibodies against neurons (β tubulin), astrocytes (GFAP) and oligodendrocytes (OSP). The expression of BDNF, NGF and NT3 genes was investigated using Real-Time PCR.
    Results
    Our findings revealed that selegiline increased NSCs differentiation into neurons at 10-7 and 10-8 M and decreased the differentiation into astrocytes at 10-9,while oligodendrocyte did not significantly change in any of the used concentrations. In addition data analyses showed that selegiline increased BDNF, NGF and NT3 gene expression at 24 hr, but did not change them in the other time of exposure (72 hr) except 10-7 M concentration of selegiline, which increased NT3 expression.
    Conclusion
    Our results indicate selegiline induced the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and in this context the role of neurotrophic factors is important and should be considered.
    Keywords: Neurotrophic factors, NSCs, Selegiline
  • Wen, Hung Lin, Heng, Hung Kuo, Li, Hsing Ho, Ming, Lang Tseng, An, Ci Siao, Chang, Tsen Hung, Kee, Ching Jeng, Chien, Wei Hou Pages 555-562
    Objective(s)
    Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJ, Cape Jasmine Fruit, Zhi Zi) has been traditionally used for the treatment of infectious hepatitis, aphthous ulcer, and trauma; however, the direct evidence is lacking.
    Materials And Methods
    We investigated the effect of the GJ extract(GJ) and gallic acid (GA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation of BV-2 microglial cells and acute liver injury in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.
    Results
    Our results showed that the GJ extract and GA reduced LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and prostaglandin (PGE2) production in BV-2 cells. The GJ extract and GA significantly decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in LPS-treated rats. Furthermore, the water extract, but not the ethanol extract, of the GJ dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced JNK2/1 and slightly p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in BV-2 cells.
    Conclusion
    Taken together, these results indicate that the protective mechanism of the GJ extract involves an antioxidant effect and inhibition of JNK2/1 MAP kinase and COX-2 expressions in LPS-induced inflammation of BV-2 cells.
    Keywords: BV, 2 cell, Gardenia jasminoides, MAPKs, NO, ROS
  • Kaveh Moradi, Mehdi Abbasi, Farid Aboulhasani, Niloufar Abbasi, Kehinde Adebayo Babatunde, Fereydoon Sargolzaeiaval, Ahmad, Reza Dehpour Pages 563-570
    Objective(s)
    Although previous studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of human umbilical cord matrix stem cell (hUCM) transplantation post myocardial infarction (MI), but this stem cell resource has no potential to induce angiogenesis. In order to achieve the process of angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte regeneration, two required factors for cardiac repair agents were examined namely; hUCM and VEGF on an infarcted heart. The main objective of this research is to investigate the combinatory effect of dhUCM and VEGF transplantation on an infarcted heart.
    Materials And Methods
    45 min of ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, the MI-induced animals received 50 μl PBS, 5 μg VEGF, 5×106 hUCM cells alone, combined with 5 μg VEGF and 5×106 differentiated hUCM cells alone or combined with 5 μg VEGF through intramyocardial injection. MI group, without hUCM and VEGF served as the control group. Left ventricular function and angiogenesis were also evaluated.
    Results
    After eight weeks post MI, there were significant rise in left ventricular ejection farction in dhUCM+VEGF group compared to the other treated and non-treated groups (P<0.05). Fibrosis tissue was markedly lower in the dhUCM+VEGF and hUCM+VEGF groups compared to the other treated and non-treated groups (P<0.05). Despite these benefits, vascular density in dhUCM+VEGF group was not markedly different compared to VEGF and hUCM+VEGF groups. The transplanted hUCM and dhUCM cells survived and migrated to the infarcted area.
    Conclusion
    Our findings demonstrated that the dhUCM cells transplantation combined with VEGF were more efficient on an infarcted heart.
    Keywords: Angiogenesis, Cardiac repair, Human umbilical, Myocardial, Vascular endothelial, growth factor
  • Tahereh Moradi, Reihaneh Vallian, Zahra Fazeli, Asieh Haghighatnia, Sadeq Vallian Pages 571-575
    Objective(s)
    Iran is considered as one of the high-prevalence areas for β-thalassemia with a rate of about 10% carrier frequency. Molecular diagnosis of the disease is performed both by direct sequencing and indirectly by the use of polymorphic markers present in the beta globin gene cluster. However, to date there is no reliable information on the application of the markers in the Iranian population. Here we report the results of an extended molecular analysis of five RFLP markers, XmnI, HindIIIA, HindIIIG, RsaI and HinfI, located within the β-globin gene cluster region in four subpopulations of Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 552 blood samples taken from the Iranian subpopulations including Isfahan, Chaharmahal-O-Bakhtiari, Khuzestan and Hormozgan were genotyped using PCR-RFLP and sequencing. The allele frequency, the expected and observed heterozygosity, and Shannon''s information index (I) of these markers were calculated.
    Results
    Distribution of the allele frequencies for XmnI, HindIIIA, HindIIIG, RsaI and HinfI polymorphic markers did not differ significantly among the subpopulations examined. Overall observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.1706 for HindIIIA to 0.4484 for RsaI. The Shannon index was
    Conclusion
    The results suggested that genotyping of these markers is not informative enough once used as single markers for prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection of β-thalassemia in the Iranian population. However, haplotyping of these markers may provide more useful data in linkage analysis and prenatal diagnosis as well as carrier detections for β-thalassemia in Iranians.
    Keywords: β globin gene cluster region, β thalassemia, Iranian population, Polymorphic markers
  • Seyedeh Alia Moosavian, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi, Fatemeh Mosaffa, Ali Badiee, Khalil Abnous Pages 576-586
    Objective(s)
    Development of molecules that specifically recognize cancer cells is one of the major areas in cancer research. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is specifically expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. HER2 is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. In this study we aimed to isolate RNA aptamers that specifically bind to HER2 overexpressing TUBO cell line.
    Materials And Methods
    Panel of aptamers was selected using cell-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX).
    Results
    Binding studies showed that selected aptamers can identify TUBO cell line with high affinity and selectivity. Our preliminary investigation of the target of aptamers suggested that aptamers bind with HER2 proteins on the surface of TUBO cells.
    Conclusion
    We believe the selected aptamers could be useful ligands for targeted breast cancer therapy.
    Keywords: Breast cancer, Cell, SELEX, RNA aptamer, TUBO cell line
  • Saidah Rauf, Sri Kadarsih Soejono, Ginus Partadiredja Pages 587-592
    Objective(s)
    The present study aims at examining the motor coordination performance, serum and cerebellar estrogen, as well as ERβ levels, of ovariectomized rats (as menopausal model) following regular exercise.
    Materials And Methods
    Ten female Sprague Dawley ratsaged 12 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups; all of which underwent ovariectomy. The first group was treated with regular exercise of moderate intensity, in which the rats were trained to run on a treadmill for 60 min per day for 12 weeks. The second group served as control. Rotarod test was carried out before and after exercise treatment. All rats were euthanized thereafter, and blood and cerebellums of the rats were collected. The serum and cerebellar estrogen as well as cerebellar ERβ levels were measured using ELISA assays.
    Results
    The number of falls in the rotarod task of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of control group. The cerebellar estrogen level of the exercise group was significantly higher than that of control group. Accordingly, there was a significantly negative correlation between the number of falls and cerebellar estrogen level in the exercise group.
    Conclusion
    The present study shows that a lengthy period of regular exercise improves the cerebellar estrogen level and motor coordination performance in ovariectomized rats.
    Keywords: Cerebellum, Estrogen, Menopause Ovariectomy, Rotarod, Training
  • Mehrdad Sadeghi Haj, Abbas Nikravesh, Majid Pahlevan Kakhki, Nahid Rakhshi Pages 593-598
    Objective(s)
    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with unknown etiology. Various genetics and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. The interleukin-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Ra) was identified as the first non-major histocompatibility complex (non-MHC) MS susceptibility locus. In this study we are trying to find the association of IL-7Ragene polymorphisms with MS susceptibility in Eastern Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    A case-control study was performed in two provinces Sistan & Baluchistan and Khorasan with 219 patients and 258 unrelated matched healthy controls, using PCR-RFLP method for four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7718919, rs11567685, rs11567686 and rs6897932 of IL-7Ra gene.
    Results
    We found a tendency toward association with genotyping analyses in SNP rs7718919 (P=0.048, OR=4.344, and 95% CI=0.892-21.146); also genotype and allele frequency in gender and MS subtype stratification were shown to have significant association with MS. Analysis of two provinces separately showed a significant difference in results of the allele and genotype frequencies. Moreover, haplotyping analysis showed that (GTGC) has an association only in the male secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients in comparison to the healthy controls (P=0.043, OR=0.413, and 95% CI=0.179–0.955).
    Conclusion
    IL7-Ra could be a susceptible gene to MS within the Eastern Iran population especially after MS and gender stratification.
    Keywords: Association study, Haplotype, Interleukin, 7 receptor alpha Multiple sclerosis, SNPs
  • Yan, Xia Zhang, Li Yan, Guang, Yu Liu, Wen, Jun Chen, Wei, Hong Gong, Jin, Ming Yu Pages 599-603
    Objective(s)
    The Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway (JAK/STAT pathway) play an important role in proliferation of breast cancer cells. Previous data showed that inhibition of STAT3 suppresses the growth of breast cancer cells, but the associated mechanisms are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the effect and associated mechanisms of JAK/STAT pathway inhibitor AG490 on proliferation and suppression of breast cancer cells.
    Materials And Methods
    CCK-8 assay and trypan blue exclusion assay were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of AG490 to MDA-MB-231 cells. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA level of SARI (suppressor of AP-1, regulated by IFN). Western blot was used to analyze the protein levels of SARI, phospho-STAT3 and total STAT3. Luciferase reporter assay was adopted to explore the mechanism of SARI mRNA upregulation.
    Results
    AG490 suppressed the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. AG490 significantly up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of SARI in MDA-MB-231 cells. Knockdown of SARI obviously attenuated AG490-induced growth suppression effect in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, AG490 dramatically enhanced the transcription activity of SARI promoter. But the transcription activity of truncated SARI promoter, which does not contain STAT3 binding site, cannot be activated by AG490 treatment.
    Conclusion
    We demonstrate in this study that AG490 suppresses the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells through transcriptional activation of SARI.
    Keywords: AG490, MDA, MB, 231, Proliferation, SARI, STAT3
  • Xue, Kang Zhang, Xiao, Ping Zhou, Zhang Qin, Zhu Feng Pages 604-609
    Objective(s)
    Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion is a major problem, which may lead to multiorgan failure and death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine on cell proliferation, antioxidant system, cell death, and structural integrity in intestinal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Animals were randomized into three groups: group A, sham-operated or control; group B, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (IR); and group C, intestinal IR pretreated with 50 μg of dexmedetomidine. Intestine tissue was collected from all rats 30 min after desufflation, and fresh frozen for histological and biochemical evaluation.
    Results
    The intestinal tissue of group B rats showed a significant decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activities. However, these enzyme activities were improved by the administration of dexmedetomidine. Inhibiting the protein expression of MCP7, PAR2, P-JAK, P-STAT1, and P-STAT3 proved the protective effect of dexmedetomidine. The immunohistochemical staining revealed its protective effect by maintaining the normal structural integrity, less caspase-3 immuno reactivity, and increased cell proliferation count in the intestinal tissues.
    Conclusions
    Intraperitoneal injection of dexmedetomidine significantly protected intestine IR injury in rats by inhibiting the inflammatory response, intestinal epithelial apoptosis, and maintaining structural integrity of intestinal cells.
    Keywords: Dexmedetomidine Inflammatory–response, Intestinal injury, Ischemia, reperfusion
  • Shulai Zhou, Lichao Gao, Fangqi Gong, Xiaoyang Chen Pages 610-615
    Objective(s)
    This study was designed to investigate the effect of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), S100A12 and C-reactive protein (CRP) on the release of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) from human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs).
    Materials And Methods
    HCAECs were cultured in increasing concentration of CRP (0, 12.5, 25, 50μg/ml) or S100A12 protein (0, 4, 10, 25μg/ml) for 24 hr. CECs were measured by flow cytometry. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was designed to decrease RAGE level. Fluorescence microscopy and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to assess the efficiency of siRNA silencing RAGE. The release of CECs from HCAECs was further evaluated by flow cytometry.
    Results
    CRP caused a significant increase in the release of CECs from HCAECs. The number of CECs increased by about 2-fold in 25 μg/ml CRP-treated group compared to the control group (12.22% compared to 6.82%, P=0.032). But S100A12 failed to increase the release of CECs from HCAECs. Blockade of RAGE by siRNA significantly decreased the release of CECs induced by CRP (13.22% of CRP group compared to 8.77% of CRP+siRNA group, P=0.017).
    Conclusion
    RAGE is involved in the release of CECs induced by CRP, and the effect can be attenuated by silencing RAGE. RAGE may play an important role in endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease. Inhibition of RAGE may be a therapeutic target for coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease.
    Keywords: CECs, CRP, HCAECs, RAGE, S100A12
  • Mohammad Afshar, Behdad Ravarian, Mahmoud Zardast, Seyed Adel Moallem, Mohammad Hasanpour Fard, Masoomeh Valavi Pages 616-622
    Objective(s)
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Malva sylvestris aqueous extract on cutaneous wound healing in BALB/c mice.
    Materials And Methods
    Twenty seven male BALB/c mice (2.5 months of age) were used. A cut wound (superficial fascia depth) was made locally. The mice were then divided into three groups: the first, second and third groups received topical administration of M. sylvestris 1% aqueous extract, silver sulfadiazine topical cream or cold cream (positive and negative control groups), respectively. On days 4, 7 and 10 excisional biopsies were performed and wound healing was evaluated histopathologically. The data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests.
    Results
    On days 4 and 7, the numbers of inflammatory cells in the silver sulfadiazine and M. sylvestris-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group and keratinization at the edges of the wound in both groups was significantly higher than the control group. On the tenth day of the study, the Malva-treated mice showed better healing features and less fibrosis and scar formation, and also fewer hair follicles were damaged in this group. On the tenth day of the study, the numbers of inflammatory cells in M. sylvestris and silver sulfadiazine-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group.
    Conclusion
    The present study supports the beneficial effects of M. sylvestris on the wound healing process and suggests a potential clinical application.
    Keywords: Malva sylvestris, Mice, Skin, Wound healing
  • Abdollah Ardebili, Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari, Maryam Beheshti, Elnaz Rastegar Lari Pages 623-626
    Objective(s)
    We investigated the contribution of gyrA and parC mutational mechanism in decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wound infections.
    Materials And Methods
    Ciprofloxacin susceptibility of 50 A. baumannii isolates was evaluated by disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. PCR and sequencing were performed for detection of mutation in gyrA and parC genes.
    Results
    The 44 and 4 isolates of A. baumannii exhibited full and intermediate-resistant to ciprofloxacin, respectively. Overall, the 42 isolates with double mutations of gyrA and parC genes showed a higher level of ciprofloxacin resistance than the 3 isolates with single mutations of gyrA or parC.
    Conclusion
    Simultaneous mutations in gyrA and parC genes are expected to play a major role in high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in A. baumannii; albeit a single mutation in DNA topoisomerase IV could occasionally be associated with intermediate-resistance to these antimicrobials.
    Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, Burn, Ciprofloxacin resistance, gyrA, parC